summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/all_mod.txt
blob: 952be3e4955c916b47b2d7a9dbcf63e33ba84ac9 (plain)
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 * ืืคืœื™ื” ืžืชืงื ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื
* ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื–ืจื—
*ืžืชืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืงื™ืฆื‘ืื•ืช
* ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื” ืœื–ื›ืื™ื

ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžืฆืข:

 

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™

1.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืงืฆื‘ืช ื ื›ื•ืช ืœื ืชืคื—ืช ืžืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื

2.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืงืฆื‘ืช ืฉืจ"ืž ืื• ืกื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืชื›ืกื” ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื—ื–ืงืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื.

3.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืœื ื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ืจื’ืช ื ื›ื•ืชื ื‘ื—ืฉืžืœ ืžื™ื ืืจื ื•ื ื” ื•ื›ื•'

4.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™.

5.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืื—ืช ืฉืชืงื‘ืข ืืช ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช.

6.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืœืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื.

7.      ื ืคืขืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืœืืœืžื ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื

8.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช.

9.      ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืงืฆื‘ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืงืœ ืืช ื ื˜ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.

10. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืขื™ื•ืจื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืชืงื ื™ื ืœืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื—ื–ืงืช ื›ืœื‘ ื ื—ื™ื™ื”.

11. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืงืฆื‘ืช ืฉืจ"ืž ืžืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืคื ื•ืช ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.

12. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœื ืžืžื™ืกื™ื ืœืงื ื™ื™ืช ืจื›ื‘ ื•ื’ื ื ื›ื™ื ืžื•ืกืขื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœื.

 

ื ื›ื™ ืฆื”ืœ

13. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉื—ื™ืงื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ. ืื ืขื“ ื›ื” ื ื›ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ , ื‘ื ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ   ืฉื ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืงื•ื ืฆื ื–ื•ืก ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ื›ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืžืชื ืขืจื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื ื›ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื.  ืื—ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืชื“ืื’ ืœืฉืžืจ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ.

 

ื“ื™ื•ืจ

14. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžืขื ืง ืœื”ืชืืžืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.

15. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืขืœื•ืช ืœื–ื›ืื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.

16. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืฆืขืช ืงืจืงืข ืœื ื›ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ื” ื‘ืžืคืœืก ืื—ื“ ืœืœื ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื™ืช.

17. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื ื•ื ื” ืœืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื

18. ืœืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืœื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืงืฉื™ ื™ื•ื.

19. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ.

20. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ืฉื™ืจืชื• ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ.

 

ืชืขืกื•ืงื”

21. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ 15% ื ื›ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.

22. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืขืœืžื ืช ืฉื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœืžืขื’ืœ .

23. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.

24. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืขืกืงื™ื ื–ืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงื˜ื™ื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืœื ื›ื™ื.

25. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช  ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืงืจืงืข ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงืžืช ืขืกืง.

26. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ืžืชืงื ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.

ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช

27. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืขื–ืจ ืœื ื›ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืคืจื•ื˜ื–ื•ืช ื•ื›ื“' ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืœื ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ื.

28. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืกืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืœื ืœื›ื•ืœื ืข"ื™ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžืก ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื–ืจื— ืฉื ื–ืงืง ืœืชืจื•ืคื” ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืœื ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื ื–ืงืง.

 

ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื”

 

29. ื ืคืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื—ื™ื ื ืžื’ื™ืœ 3 ื•ืขื“ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” - ืข"ืค ืžื•ื“ืœ Student Loans ื“ืžื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ื ื•ืงื• ื›ืžืก ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืชืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืจ.

30. ื ืคืขืœ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืก, ื”ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื•ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ื•ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื ื›ื™ื.

31. ื ืคืขืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืœืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื, ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช ืœื ื›ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืื—ื”"ืฆ.

 

ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ

 

ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื’ื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื›ืกื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช :

 

1.      ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื’ื–, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื–ื” ืœืืคื™ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื: ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ื”.

2.      ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื—ืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืฉืœ  , ืงืจื™ ืžืคืขืœื™ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื•ื”ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื. ืืœื” ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื.

3.      ื‘ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืœืขื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.ืžืฆืข "ืขืœื” ื™ืจื•ืง โ€“ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช"

ืขืœื” ื™ืจื•ืง โ€“ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ื-ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืžืฉืœืช . ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืคืจื˜ ื•ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—. ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืฉืกืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจืช ื•ืžื–ื™ืงื”. ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ "ื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ืชืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช" ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“

    ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ื•ืชื•ืกืกืช ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืžื“ืช, ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืฉืจื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื ืฉืœ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืคื’ืข ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ืื—ืจ. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื, ืœืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื• ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื.
    ืฉืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” โ€“ ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœืงื—ื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ืžืžืฉืœืช  ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืจื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช. ืœืงื™ื—ืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื•ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืจืง ืžืชืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช.

ื—ื‘ืจื”

    ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืงื•ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ โ€“ ืฉืžื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ืœ"ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกืžื™ื". ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกืžื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืกืžื™ ื”ืงื ืื‘ื™ืก, ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื›ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื. ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกืžื™ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืกืžื™ื ืืœื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืฆืช ืกืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืคืฉืข ื ืจื—ื‘ืช, ืžืจืชืงืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ืžืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืคืฉืขื™ื ืืœื™ืžื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ ืืช ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื”. ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื“ื•ืœ ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช ื–ื•, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืงื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืื™ ื”ืคืœืœื” ("ื“ื”-ืงืจื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”") ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ ื”ืงื ืื‘ื™ืก, ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœืžืขืŸ ืœื’ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื’ื™ืฉืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืกืžื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื, ืžื’ื™ืฉื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉื ืช ืœื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ืช (ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื ื•ืกืชื” ื•ื ื—ืœื” ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื—ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื™ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื’ืœ). ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืคืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืงื ืื‘ื™ืก.
    ืžืคืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืž ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืคืจื˜ ื•ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื“ืช ื”ื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืื“ื. ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ื’ืจืžื” ืœื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืคืกื•ืœื”, ืœืืคืœื™ื™ืช ืจื•ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืจื•ื•ืงื•ืช ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื ืฉื•ืื™ื, ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื›ืกืคื™ ืžื™ืกื™ื, ืœื”ื›ืคืคืช ื”ื“ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช  ื•ืœืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื‘ื” ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื“ืชื™ื™ื. ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ื”ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื•ื˜ืงืกื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืžืจืฆื•ืŸ ืข"ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืกื•ืจืชื ื•ืืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืงื•ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช; ืื ื• ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื•ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช.
    ืžืงืฆืจื™ื ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ. ืฆื”"ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ, ื’ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืžืชื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืœืฉื•ืจื•ืชื™ื•. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžื’ื•ื™ืกื™ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจืื• ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื’ื•ื™ืกื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื”ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืกืžื•ื™ื” ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื•ืข. ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ืŸ-ื‘ืกื˜, ืฉืคืจ ื•ื‘ืจื•ื“ื˜, ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ื•. ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืžืžืกื“ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื“ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื–ื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš. ืœืฆื“ ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื›ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื. ืฆื”"ืœ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืคื•ื˜ืจ ืžื’ื™ื•ืก, ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืฉื™ื’ื•ื™ืก ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืชื’ืžื•ืœ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื•.
    ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืœืžืื’ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™. ืื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืื’ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ ืฉืชื›ืคื” ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืจืฆื•ื ื. ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ื ื•ื›ื— ื“ืœื™ืคืชื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื–ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื. ืื™ืŸ ืืœื ืœืฉืขืจ ืฉื’ื ืžืื’ืจ ื–ื” ื™ื“ืœื•ืฃ, ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ืคืฉื˜, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขื•ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ. ื’ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื“ืœื•ืฃ ื”ืžืื’ืจ ืคื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืจืขื”. ืœืžืฉืœ ื ื•ื›ื— ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉืขื” ื‘ืคืœื™ืœื™ื  ื”ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœ-100% ื”ืžืื’ืจ ืคื•ืชื— ืคืชื— ืœืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืชื™ืœืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ื•"ืงื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื“ืจืš" ืžืฉื˜ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื”. ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื— ื•ืื ื• ื ืงื“ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ื›ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืœืžืื’ืจ.
    ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ืฉืœื ื•. ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช. ืื ื• ื ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื›ืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืจื’ืœ ืื—ืจ ืชืขื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื• ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ื™ื•ืขืžื“ื• ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื•ื’. ืžืžืฉืœ ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉืœ ืžื•ืฉื—ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืงืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
    ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืžื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ืช ื”ืžื ื•ื”ืœืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืื ื• ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืชื™ื™ืฆืจ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื•ืจืจ ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ื• ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ "ืžืœืžืขืœื” ืœืžื˜ื”" ื ื›ืคื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืข"ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ื–ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืื ื• ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืจื™ื (ื•ื•ืื•ืฆ'ืจื™ื) ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื•ืจื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืกื“ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื•ืจื” ืž"ืžื˜ืจื“" ืœืœืงื•ื—. ืื™ื ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืœ ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืชืชืืคืฉืจ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืืœื ื ื”ืคื•ืš ื”ื•ื; ืื ื• ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืชื• ืœืงืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื. ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืกื›ืœ ื›ืœ ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžื‘ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื›ื•ืฉืœืช.
    ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ืขื ืฃ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ. ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืคืฆื—ื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ืคื•ืงืจ ("ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื•ืงืจ") ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ืžื–ืœ ื•ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžืœื—ืžื” ื–ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื›ืš ืฉืฉื•ืง ื–ื” ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื•ืžื ื™ื‘ ืœื• ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื ืื™ื ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืช . ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ื–ื• ืฆื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื ื•ื›ื— ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืก ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืื™ืœืช ื•ืžืขืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืขืจื™ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืงื–ื™ื ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืื•ื‘ื“ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจื‘. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ื ืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืขืœืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื™ื™ืžื ืข ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืžื•ื ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืงืžืช ืงื–ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื™ืœืช ื›ื™ืื” ืœืขื™ืจ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช.
    ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ืขื ืฃ ื”ื–ื ื•ืช ืžื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื ืฃ ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื–ื ื•ืช ื’ืจืžื” ืœื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ื ืžื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืœืฆื” ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืกืจืกื•ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื’ื ื” ื•ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ื–ื™ื. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืคื•ื’ืข ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื‘ื–ื•ื ื•ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื–ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ; ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ ื—ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ืŸ. ืœืฆื“ ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื–ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืื•ื ืก ื•ื”ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื.
    ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืขืจื•ืฆื™ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ืœื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืงื” ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืงื™ื•ืžื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื‘ืงืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื™ืฉ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืขืจื•ืฅ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืœื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื—ื•"ืœ, ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. ื™ืฉ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ, ืืช ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืกืจื˜ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ืื’ืจืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื•ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืืช ื’ืœ"ืฆ; ืืœื• ืื™ื ื ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ .

ื›ืœื›ืœื”

    ืžื•ื–ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืœืขื ื•ืžืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ื›-93% ืžืงืจืงืขื•ืช  ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžื•ืฉื—ืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ืžื ื”ืœ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ . ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื™ืฆืข ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ โ€“ ืœืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ืคืงืขื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช  ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื โ€“ ื”ืขื. ื ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื•ืฆืืชื ืœืžื›ืจื– ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœ (ืœืžืขื˜ ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข, ืชื•ื•ืื™ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ืžืชืงื ื™ ืฆื‘ื ื•ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”) ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื•ืฉืงื•ืคื™ื, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ. ืฉื ื™ืช, ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื  ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ืกืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืžื“ื“ "ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”" ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™  ืžื“ื•ืจื’ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”-139 ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื•ืš 180 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช , ืื—ืจื™ ืืœื’'ื™ืจื™ื”, ื˜ื•ื’ื• ื•ืžื•ื–ืžื‘ื™ืง. ื›ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืœื•ื— ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ืžื” ื”ืคืœื ืฉื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ืœื ื’ื“ืœ ื•ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื? ืื ื• ื ืืžืฅ ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช "ืงื• ื™ืฉืจ" ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื›ืš ืฉ ืชืชืงื“ื ืœืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ืžืขืจื‘ื™, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืก ื”ืฉื‘ื—, ืฉื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืžื ื• ื–ื ื™ื—ื•ืช ืืš ื”ื ื–ืง ืžืžื ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
    ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช โ€“ ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื. ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืง ืžื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืžืชื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืžื“ื›ืื™ื ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื”. ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืงืจื˜ืœื™ื  โ€“ ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”"ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช" ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“: ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื—ืœื‘, ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื, ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช. ืืฃ ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืฉืจ, ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ื”ื ืžืœื™ื. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืคืงืขื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ื’ื ื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ืง ื›ืžื• ื—ื•ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 70 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืง ืœืชื—ื ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื ืคื™ืงืŸ ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืงื•ืฃ. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช . ืืช ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ื”ื ืžืœื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืง ืœืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื›ืœ ืžืกื•ืฃ ืœืžื›ืจื–, ื›ืš ืฉืชืชืงื™ื™ื ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื”ืงืžืช ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื›ืœื›ืœืช  ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืคื•ืชื—ืช. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืกืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ืืœื” ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืงื ื™ื™ื” .
    ืžืขืฆื™ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ืžืขืฆื™ืžื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™, ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื ื™ ื•ืื›ื–ืจื™ ืฉืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื™ืง ืœืืœื• ืฉืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื, ื•ืžื•ื ืข ืžืืœื• ืฉื›ืŸ. ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื "ืžืœืื™ื" ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื•ื“ื•ื—ืง ืื•ืชื ืžื”ืฉื•ืง. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืืžื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื•ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื ื™. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืœื ืžื™ืกื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื–ื›ื• ืœืžืขืžื“ ืžืื•ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™  ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก, ืขื“ ืจืฃ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืื–ืจื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ืœื” ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœื•, ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื” ืืžืชื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื ืชืจื. ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืชื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืฆื“ืงื”, ืชืชืคืชื— ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื•ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืžืขืŸ ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช; ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื™ืจืื” ืืช ืชืจื•ืžืชื• ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ืื•ืช ื‘ื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื›ื— ืฉืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืกื™ื•ืข. ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืžื” ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืคืจื–ื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืคืจื˜ ืœื›ืš ื ืคืขืœ ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ  ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ืœืฆื“ ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืžื ื•ืคื—ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.

    ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก. ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื ืžื•ืš ืžืฉืžืขื• โ€“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก, ืœืฆื“ ื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ื•ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื•,  ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœื ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืื–ืจื— ืžืžื ื• ื”ื ื ื’ื‘ื•. ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ื–ืžื”, ื™ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ  ื•ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื•ื›ืš ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืขืฆืžื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ืจืžืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”  ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช, ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื”, ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืžืจืชื™ืขื” ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืžืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืก. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื  ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœืœ ืกืขื™ืคื™ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื•ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืžืก ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื—ืฅ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืžืขื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง. ืœื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœืคืฉื˜ ืืช ืงื•ื“ ื”ืžืก ื•ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”, ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœื”ืขืœื™ื ืžืก, ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืœื ืคื•ืœืฉื ื™ืช ื•ืžื›ื‘ื™ื“ื”.
    ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง ืžืื—ื™ื–ืช ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื•ื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื•ืงื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืชื” ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืชื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงื ื™ื ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืชื”. ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื, ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื›ื•ื— ืœื ืžื™ื“ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ืชื•ืคืขืช ื’ืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืง ื›ืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืง, ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขืจื•ื‘ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืชื’ืžื•ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืจื•ืžืชื ืืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื’ืจื•ื ื ื–ืงื™ื. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืชื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ื ื–ืง ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื ืžืžื™ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ื—ืกื™ื ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื ื–ืงื™ ื”ืคืจืช ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขืกืงืชื, ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกื‘ืœ. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื•ื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืชื” ื•ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”. ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื›ื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืชืืคืฉืจ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืืžื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ืชื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช  ื‘ืžืฉืง.
    ืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื•ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ืชื ืื™ ืžืงื“ื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ืœื›ืŸ ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฉืจื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžื™ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื, ื•ืœืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ืช ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืชื™ืง. ื–ื”ื• ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ืฆืขื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืฆื“ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืžื‘ื ื” ืžืžืฉืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช 6 ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื: ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืกื™ื‘ื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืขืœ   ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจ ื ืฉื™ืื•ืชื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื” ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ืฉืชืžืกื“ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—.
    ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช  ืœืื–ื•ืจ ืกื—ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืชื ืื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ืื™ืชื ื”. ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื•, ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืžื›ืกื™ื, ืžื™ืกื™ ืงื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื”ื™ืฆืฃ, ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ืงืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื–ื ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื” ื›ื™ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช "ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื•ืช", ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื” ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ  ืœืื–ื•ืจ ืกื—ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื, ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื, ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื”ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ, ื’ื ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืื• ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™.
    ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืืช ืฉื•ืง . ืฉื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื’ืžื™ืฉ, ื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื, ืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืคืจื™ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื›ืจื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืืจืฆื ื• ื™ืฉื ื ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ื—ื•ืงื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”; ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืื™ื ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืื›ื™ืคื”, ืืš ื›ื•ืœื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื›ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื–ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื—ืœื” ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›-30% ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ืื ื• ื ืชื ื’ื“ ืœืฆืขื“ื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืจืžื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื—ื•ืงื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื•ื ืคืขืœ ืœืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื—ื•ืงื™   ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ื•ื™ื–ืžื™. ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœึพ"ืžืกืžืจ ื‘ืœื™ ืจืืฉ", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคื˜ืจื ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื ืชืคืงื™ื“. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืคื•ื’ืข ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื. ืขืœ ืฉื•ืง  ื”ื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื. ืฉื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื’ืžื™ืฉ ื™ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™.
    ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช ืื—ืจืื™ืช. ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™, ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืฉืขืจื™ ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื ืื‘ื ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื”. ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื ื•, ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ื’ื™ืจืขื•ื ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื—ืกืจืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™, ืœืฉื—ื™ืงืช ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืง. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืชืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง  ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืกืคืงื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื˜"ื— ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืฉืชืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืชืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžื™ืกื•ื“ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืงืชื™ ื”ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื›ืจื•ื ื™, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ืขื“ ื—ื™ืกื•ืœื•.
    ืžื’ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช  ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืžื“ื—ื™ ืืœ ื“ื—ื™ ืขืงื‘ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆืจืช ืจื•ืื™ ื•ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช.ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ืฉืžื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื—ื“, ืืš ืœื ืคื•ืกืœืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืื™ื“ืš. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืื™ื ื” ืงื•ืฉืจืช ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื–ื™ืงื”.

ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื•ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉืœื•ื

     ืขืœื” ื™ืจื•ืง โ€“ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช  ืœื”ื‘ืืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืœื•ื ืœืžืฉืืœ ืขื, ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืฉืืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืจื™ืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื”. ืื ื• ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ  ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช.


ืจืงืข

ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืžืกื›ื ืช ืืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืคืจื˜. ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืงืœื™ื ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืคืจื˜ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื›ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”, ื•ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืคืจื˜.

ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื•. ืœืฆื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ืžื•ื ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื ื–ืง.

ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ืคืš ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื™ืฉื ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืกื•ืจ ื•ืžื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืืœื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืชืื“ื•. ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ืœืชื›ื ื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืงืฆื”, ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืคืงืจืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื•.

ื ื–ืงื™ื

    ื™ืœื“ ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื ื—ืฉืฃ ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 10, ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 12 ืขื“ 17 ื”ื ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
    ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ื™ื•ืช.
    ื›-30% ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ (ื”ื‘ื ื™ื) ืฉื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืžื›ื•ืจื™ื ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”.
    ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคืฉื™ืขื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช.
    ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื”ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื.
    ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืžืงืจื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืœืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื™ื” ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืืชืจื™ ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”.

ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืžื”ื ื–ืง ื”ื ื’ืจื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ืœื‘ืขื™ื”.

ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื ืœื ื ื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืื– ื‘ืขื•ื“ 20 ืฉื ื” ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืคื™ื›ื™ื. ืื ื• ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื. 

ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช

ื›ื™ืขื“ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืงืžืชื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกืžื™ื ื•ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœืงื“ื ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืกืคืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืœืกื ืŸ ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”, ื›ืš ืฉืจืง ืžื™ ืฉื™ื‘ืงืฉ, ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืœืœื ืกื™ื ื•ืŸ. ืœืคื™ ืกืงืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื” ืฆืžื— 70% ืžื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืชื•ืžืš ื‘ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืฉื›ื–ืืช.

ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืžืื‘ืง ื”ื–ื”.
ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
ื”ืงื“ืžื”
ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื”ืชืืžืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืฉื•ืง  ืคื ืกื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืœื›ืœ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืกื˜ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”
ืžืฉื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช-ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช
ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืคื•ื ื“ืžื ื˜ืœื™ื–ื
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื” ืžื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™ื  ื•ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจ ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื” ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื  ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜
ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
ืžื™ื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืงืจืงืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื•ืคืกื•ืœืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
2
ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•"ืจ
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ื• ืืช ืžืฆืข   ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”-19 ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืžืกืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื”. ื‘-22 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2012 ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ื‘ื™ืคื• 1200 ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืžืคืœื’ื”, ื•ืขืฉื• ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ 70 ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื•, ื•ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื.
ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ, ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื•ืขื™ื“ื”, ื”ื•ืฉืง ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ veida.havoda.org.il ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ื’ื’ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœื›ืœื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ืžื“ื™ื ื™-ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™, ืื–ืจื—ื™, ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™, ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™. 350 ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืžื“ื” ื”ื•ืขืœื• ืœืืชืจ, ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื.
ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ืื™ื“ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฆืข ื•ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ   ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœืงื—ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื›ื– ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื. ืžืฆืขื” ืฉืœ   ืคื•ืจืฉ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื, ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™, ืขื•ืœื , ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื , ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช, ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคื•ืจื˜, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
ื”ืคืจืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืกืงื™ื, ื‘ืชืžืฆื•ืช, ื‘ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืืŸ, ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื”ืชื›ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ืŸ ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”.
ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ืืœื ื™ืฆื™ืงืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืืœ ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืฉื”ืชืงืœืงืœ ื•ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื›ืืŸ.
ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžื›ื•ื ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช, ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ, ื“ื‘ืง ืžืื—ื“.   ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืืช . ื”ืจื‘ื” ื’ืœื’ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืชื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืื–. ืื‘ืœ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืื‘ื” ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื” ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ืคืจื’ืžื˜ื™ืช. ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื™ืชืจื” ืฉืœ   ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื‘ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื’ื–ืข ื“ืช ื•ืžื™ืŸ, ืœืฉืœื•ื ืขื ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื• ื•ืœืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืจืื™ื™ื” ืžืคื•ื›ื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืžื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื”. ื‘ืขืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืงืจื” ืœื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืคืœื. ืขืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ  , ืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืงืจืงืข, ื ื™ืฆืชื• ื•ื ืขื•ืจื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ ืคืขื. ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™  ืฉื™ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” โ€“ ื™ืฉื ื” ืขื•ืœื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืฉืืช ื‘ืคื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืžืชื—ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœ ืืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืืœ ืชืงื•ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื. ื–ื• ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœ ืžื•ืคืช ื‘ืจื•ื— ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื.
ื–ื• ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืชื’ืœื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืคืš ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ:
ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืžื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื. ื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื›ื•ื—ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืืœื” ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ .
ืฉื—ื™ืงื” ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื”ืŸ ื›ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืขืฆืžืื™ื. ื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื—ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ื ืคืฉื™, ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืžืŸ ืื™ื ื” ื ื—ืœืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื•ืœื’ืช ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืžื“ืื™ื’ ืืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื ืฉื—ืง ื•ื”ืžืฆื˜ืžืง. ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื• ื’ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื ื˜ืœ. ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™, ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ . ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ื”ืžื—ื–ืงืช ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ื–ื• ืฉืฉื•ื—ืงืช ืื•ืชื•. ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื”ื ืชื ืื™ ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช, ื•ืžื”ื ื ื’ื–ืจื™ื ื’ื ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื”"ืœ ืžื—ื“, ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื—ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืžืฅ ืœืฉืœื•ื ืžืื™ื“ืš. ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื•ื ื™, ื•ืคืขืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ื•ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™โ€“ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื’ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืœืžืขืŸ , ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื’ื ืœื ื™ืคืจื—ื• ืคืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื˜ืขื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื•ืžืขืฉื™ ื›ืื—ื“, ื”ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆืข ื–ื”.
ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืฉืœื™ ื™ื—ื™ืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'
3
ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
  ืจื•ืื” ืืช  ื›ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื•ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช:
"  ืชื”ื ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœืขืœื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช; ืชืฉืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”; ืชื”ื ืžื•ืฉืชืชื” ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ืฆื“ืง ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืœืื•ืจ ื—ื–ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ; ืชืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื“ืช, ื’ื–ืข ื•ืžื™ืŸ." (ืžืชื•ืš ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช)
  ื”ื™ื ื” ืžืคืœื’ื” ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืฆืขื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื” ื™ื•ื’ืฉืžื• ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืฆื“ืง ื•ื”ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืงืžื”   ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ. ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืืช   ื’ื•ืจืกืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™-ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ืžื—ื“, ื•ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื™ื“ืš.
  ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžืคืจ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ืฉืชืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ  ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืœืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืœืฆื“ ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ ืฉื•ืืคืช   ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืžื•ื“ืœ  ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืœื”ืชืื™ืžื• ืœืจื•ื— ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื”. ืชื›ืœื™ืชื ืฉืœ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช  ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื—ืจืคื” ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื›ืจืกื ื‘ืื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ   ื•ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœื›ื™ื“ื•ืชื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช, ื•ื›ืจืืฉื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขืžื•ืง, ืชืฆื™ื‘   ื›ื™ืขื“ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืฉืœ ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ . ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื”. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื”    ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืืœื•:
ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ 
  ืชื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื™ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื‘ืžืœื•ืื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ  ื›ืœืคื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ืš ืชื™ืขืจืš ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ .
ื”ืชืืžืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช
ืžื–ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขืฉื•ืจ ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ืœื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืœืื™ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.   ืชื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ื•ืชืฉืงื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื—ืœืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืขื“ ืœืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืชืงื‘ืข   ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื• ื”ืคื™ืกืงืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืžืฉื ืชื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ
  ืชืฉื ื” ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืคืขืจื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืžืฆืžืช ืคืขืจื™ื. ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื, ืœืฆื“ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืฉืœื™ ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืขืงื™ืฃ.
ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื”
  ืชืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช  ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื ื ืขืฉื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื›ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื•.
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ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืฉื•ืง 
ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื ืชื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืง  ื”ื™ ืœื˜ืœื˜ืœื•ืช ืขื–ื•ืช. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืื–ืจื—ื™  ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืงืžื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“.   ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง  ื”ื™ื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ืื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•.
   ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื”  ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง .
ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื“ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1.    ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชื•ืคืขืช "ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื", ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืœืฆืืช ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื™ื•ืชื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื. ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง: ื”ืฆืžื“ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืœ-55% ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง ืœืคื—ื•ืช. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ื“.
ื‘. ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืž"ืช ื›ื›ืœื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืง , ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ื ืงืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœื ื•ืขืจ.
2.    ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื•ืช (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืจื“ื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื) ื‘ืฉื•ืง . ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืจื“ื™ื™ื, ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™  ื•ืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงืœื™ื˜ืชืŸ. ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืกืคืจ.
3.   ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืŸ, ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ืŸ, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื.
4.   ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช  ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช . 5.    ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืงื™   ื•ื”ืขืžื“ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ
.OECD-ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ  ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื•ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”
6.   ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืžื™ืžื“ื™ ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื . ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
7.    ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื›ื›ืœืœ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื™ื.
6
ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ืคื ืกื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืœื›ืœ
ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™, ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจื™ืฉืชื• ืžืขื•ืœื . ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืคืจื˜ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ, ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืืœ ื”ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื ื•ืœืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืคืจื™ืฉื”.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืชื ืœื’ืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžืžื“ื™ื.
1. ื”ืžืžื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ - ืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™:    ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื–ืงื ื” ืœ-20 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข.   ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœืžืŸ ืœืืœืžื ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงืฆื‘ืช ืฉืืจื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ื ืืœืžืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืืœืžื ื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื›ืš.
2. ื”ืžืžื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™:   ืชื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื• ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ื“ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืื’"ื— ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™  .   ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืœืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืกื•ืœื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ืืœื• ืชื ืคื™ืง  ืื’"ื— ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช.    ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœืคื ืกื™ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคื ืกื™ื” ื—ื•ื‘ื”.    ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื›ื™ืคืชื ืฉืœ ืคื ืกื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ื™ ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™.
ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื
ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื•ื”ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘  ื‘ืคืจื˜. ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขืฉืจื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืขื‘ืจื• ืืช ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื”, ื•ื ืชื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฆืคื•ื™ ืืš ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื’ืžืœืื™  ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื” ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืขื•ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ืœืงื ืœื ื—ืกื›ื• ืœืคื ืกื™ื” ื ืื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื• ืืจืฆื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช. ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืจืชื™ืžืช ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื”ืขืœืื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื” ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืจื—ื‘. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชืŸ ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืคื ืื™ ื ืื•ืชื” ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”, ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขื ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”.
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื’ืžืœืื™  ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืœื”ื•ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžืชื ืจื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื”. ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืคืจื™ ื”ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืฆื‘ืจ ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•. ืขืœ ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื•ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืงื ื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ืงืฉื™ืฉ, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ืขืœื•ืชืŸ ื•ืœืขื“ื›ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืื.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื•, ื•ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ื ื‘ืฆืจ ืžื”ื ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืœืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื ืื•ืชื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื–ืงื ื”. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืœืื“ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื™ ืคืขื.   ืชืงื“ื ืืช ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืชืŸ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ื’ืžืœืื™ ื”ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ื”ื•ืœืžื•ืช ืืช ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•. ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžืฆืื• ืขืฆืžื ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืคืงื™ืขืช ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™.    ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœื• ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืคืจื™ืฉื”.
   ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืง , ืืฉืจ ืชืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื, ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื, ื•ืชื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื. ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื ื“ื‘ื›ื™ื”ื - ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื•'ืงื•ื“ื™ื' ืœื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื ืื•ืช ืœืžืฆื‘
ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืคื ืื™ ื•ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ืช ืขื ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืืœื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื•ืชื—ื•ื.   ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืจื•ื•ื—ืชื ื•ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ , ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžื›ืš.
ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืกื˜ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขื•ื ื™
   ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืชื—ื•ืœืช ื•ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืœืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”-OECD, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื  ื•ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™.
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ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื” ื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ . ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืกื—ื™ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืจืง ื‘ืขืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืจื•ื›ืฉื, ื”ื™ื ื” ืคืกื•ืœื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื•ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื—ืœื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื•ื”ืžืกื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืขืžื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื– ื•ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื“ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื”, ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืขื•ืจ, ื‘ืฉื™ื•ืš ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื• ื“ืชื™ ืื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  , ืžืชื•ืš ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืžื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช , ื•ืชืงื“ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื›ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืžืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ื ืกืชื ืื• ืœื’ื™ืœื.
2.   ืชื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ืชื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื ื’ื ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
3.    ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืขื™ื’ื•ื ื• ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื”. ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืงื“ื ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
4.    ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื™ื›ืœืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™, ืื‘ื™ื–ืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉืŸ.
5.    ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
6.    ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื“ืชื ืขืœ 75 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืกืš ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ , ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชืงืจืช ืžืก ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืก.
7.   ืชืฉื™ื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื•ื ืขืช ื›ื›ืœื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช  ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ ื• ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืกืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉ
ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—. 8.    ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืชืคื™ืกื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ืื‘ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืชืคืงื“ืช.
9.   ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื™ืขื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฉื›ื™ ื”ืžืชื ื” ืงืฆืจื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™, ืชื ืื™ ืืฉืคื•ื– ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ื—ืก ื ืื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช
ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื•ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™.
8
ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™
ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืกืคืงืช ืงื™ื•ื ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ื•ื™ืฆืื• ืžืฉื•ืง  ื‘ืฉืœ ืœื™ื“ื”, ืคื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื, ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืื• ื’ื™ืœ. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื”ื. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ืฆืฆื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื™ื ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ ืœื›ืช. ืจืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”- OECD. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื ืคื’ืžื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ืœืฉื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœื”ื, ื•ืชืงื“ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ื”ืืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืœ-16 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช 2. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื›ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” 3. ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช 3. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” 4. ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืขืžืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืœื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ 5. ื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ 6. ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื
ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื–ื ื—ื” ืจื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื, ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”  ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื‘ื™ืข ืจืฆื•ืŸ. ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ืžื›ืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืžื–ืžื ื ื‘ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ืคืงืงื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื“ืœืง ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื›ื‘ื“, ื•ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืœืžืฉืง ื•ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื”ื”ื–ื ื—ื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช  ืืœ ืกืฃ ืงืจื™ืกื”, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ืคื•ื—ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืžืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืœืจื›ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™. ื›ืš, ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ืœืง  ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืชืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืจืง ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช.    ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช, ืืฉืจ ืชืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืชืืคืฉืจ ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช  ื•ื”ืชืืžืชื” ืœืžืื” ื”-21 ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืืžื™ื ื”, ื™ืขื™ืœื”, ื–ื•ืœื”, ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื” ืœื›ืœ.
   ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฆืืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืจื™ืฉืช ืจืฉืช ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ืจื‘ื™-ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ื‘ืฆื™ืจื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืฉื“ืจื•ื’ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ื•ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ืขืฉื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืœื ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื™ื ืืจืฆื™ื™ื.   ืชืงื“ื ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืกืžืœื™ืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
   ืœืžืขืŸ ืกืœื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื  ืชื•ืš ืจื™ืฉื•ืชื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ืœืคื™ืชื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ,  ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ืจื’ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืžื’ืžืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” .
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ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”
   ืœื”ื•ืจื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืืกืคืงืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ.
ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“
   ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ืœืฉื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื•ืช ืœื”.
ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ
ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฉืง ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื”, ืื ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืขืœื™ื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช  ืœื”ื’ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”.
ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืคืขืœื”   ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื•ืžืชืžืฉืš ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ืขืžื“ื• ืœืจืฉื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœื. ื›ืš, ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™  ื•ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ื ืžื“ื“ ื‘ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืกืš ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืฉืง ื‘ื™ืช ืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืขื•ืœื” ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืžื ื˜ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™, ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™-ื ืžื•ืš ื•ื”ืžืขืžื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ืžืขื ืงื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื”.
2. ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ืืฆื” ื‘ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืชื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
ื. ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืืช ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื—ื“, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืชื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืืช ืžื™ื–ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”.
ื‘. ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืืฉืจ ืชืชืžืจืฅ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงืฆื™ื ืœื›ืš. 3. ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืจื”โ€“ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืืฉืจ ืชืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืœืžืฉื›ื™ืจ,
ื•ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
4. ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช โ€“ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืขื™ื“ืช ืื“ืžื” ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขืจื™ื, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ืขืชื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ื”ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืชืจื• ืœ .
5. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืจืงืข ืœืื•ืžื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช โ€“   ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืคื™ื• ืขืœ ืžืงืจืงืขื™  ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ื. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช   ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืขืชื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœืŸ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
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ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
   ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืืฉืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื. ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืชืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืฉื‘ื—ืช ื›ื— ื”ืื“ื, ื‘ืจืขื ื•ืŸ ืฉื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื”ึพ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ืฆื™ื’ื™ื.
ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช
   ืœื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืงืฆื•ื‘. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื“ื•-ืฉื ืชื™, ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื–ื•ืจ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—  ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืชื—, ื”ืžืชื ื”ืœ ืœืคื™ ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื•ืืชื™ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ื• ืชื ืื™ ืœืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื›ืœืช . ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ ืชื•ืš ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
   ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”โ€“ ืœืฉื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื ื”ืชืงื™ื ื”, ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื•ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืžื ื•ืคื— ืœื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ.
2. ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื•ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื, ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืงืฆืืช ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื.
3. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ื’ื ื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื”ื. 4. ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืื™ื ื• ืื™ืชืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง, ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœืฉืจืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ
ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”. 5. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืžื™ืชื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. 6. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื. 7. ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื—ื•ื‘. 8. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื.
11
ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”
ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืžื•ืœ ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ืื—ื“. ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืžืื– ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ 2008, ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืืช ืขื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืกื™ื ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืชื•ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืžื’ืžื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืžื• ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ, ืฉืœ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขื ื›ื•ื— ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื•ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“, ืืฉืจ ืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช  ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช.
ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžืชืืคื™ื™ื ืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ืฉื•ืง  ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื•. ืžื—ื“, ื ื”ื ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ื™-ื˜ืง ื”ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช, ื”ืžืžื•ืงืžืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืขื, ืžืจืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื•ืžืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง . ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืžื•ืงืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ืžืชืืคื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื™ื.
ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืชืงื“ื   ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืชืกืคืง ืžืขื ื” ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืœืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืขื™ืžื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ืžื—ื“, ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ   ืžืื™ื“ืš. ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื™ื•ืฉื’ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™. 2. ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื• ืœืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช. ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ืขืŸ
ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืœืฉื ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืžื™ื•ืžืŸ.
3. ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื• ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžืช.
4. ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ , ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืชืžืจื•ืฅ ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ื™-ื˜ืง ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ  .
5. ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ื, ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืกืจืช ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื.
6. ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืกื™ื ื–ื”ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืื–ื ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช  ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื‘ื ื›ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื ื“ื‘ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื™ืช ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืœื—ื•ืกื ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ื ื” ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžืืชื™ื™ื ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืกืงื. ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื, ื™ื–ืžื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืงืžื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืช-ืžื’ื–ืจ ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคืจื ืกืชื ื‘ืžืขืกื™ืง ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืจื‘ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื”ืฉื•ื›ืจ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืฆืžื”.
ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ , ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฉืชืชื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืขืจืš , ื”ืชืžืงื“ื” ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชืขืœืžืช ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืขืฆืžืื™-ืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืืš ื’ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืขืกื™ืง-ื–ืงื•ืง ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืœืจืฉืช ื”ื’ื ื” ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช.
ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™, ื‘ื• ื“ืคื•ืกื™  ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืืฅ, ื—ืœืงื” ืฉืœ  ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ืžืกืคืจื ื•ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช. ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช ืžืืžื™ื ื”   ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ืงื™ืงืช ืžื’ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”.
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ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
  ืชืงื“ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช.
ื–ื• ืชื›ืœื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื. ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช.
ื‘. ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ืš ืฉื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื“ืžื™ ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ืคืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื’ืœ.
ื’. ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžืื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”.
ื“. ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืจื’ืช ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื–ืžื™ื ื™ื.
ื”. ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ ื”ืชืœื•ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
ื•. ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ 25 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
ื–. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื” ืœืืฉืจืื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื ืงืื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื•ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจืื™ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
ื—. ื”ืงืžืช ืงืจื ื•ืช ืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
ื˜. ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื.
ื™. ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•ื”ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืจื™ืกื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง, ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ, ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ืขื•ื“. ื–ืืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
ื™ื.ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืœืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืืฉืจืื™, ืžื“ื™ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ืชืžื™ื›ืชื ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืืฉืจืื™ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฆื™ื™ื“ื• ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืืžื™ื ื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื•.
ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”
   ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืœืžืจื›ื– ื‘ , ืœืฉื ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืขืœืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื›ืš ืฉืชืขืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื–ื• ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–, ืœื”ืขืฆืžืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื” ื•ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื ืืœื™ื”.    ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืœืžืจื›ื–. 2. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ  ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืชื’ืžืœื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. 3. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื’ืฉืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. 4. ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ืืฉืจ ื™ืขื ื™ืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ื” ื•ื™ืœื“. 5. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช. 6. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื ืื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืขื•ื“ื“ื• ืืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื•ื™ืงื“ืžื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืžื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. 7. ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื•ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ื”. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื™ื•ืฉื ืชื•ืš ื”ื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ื›ืœืคื™ื”ืŸ.
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ืžืฉื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช โ€“ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช
ืžืฉื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช-ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช
 , ืžืžืฉื™ื›ืช ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืฆื—ืง ืจื‘ื™ืŸ, ืžืฆื”ื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื ืขื ืขืžื™ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื•ื ื—ืช ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœืžื”. ื–ืืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืคืฉืจืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ  , ืขืœ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื” ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ืฉืœื”.
  ื”ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืžื•ืคืงื“ืช ืขืœ ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืžืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื–ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืœื•ื.   ืชื‘ืกืก ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื, ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ  ื•ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ.
ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื
1.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื›ื•ืœืœ. ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช,    ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืœื•ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ  ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
2.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื•ืœื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื™ืชื‘ืกืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืงืœื™ื ื˜ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืื•ื ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืชื—ื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื–ื• ืœืฆื“ ื–ื•. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื™ื™ื›ื•ื ื• ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”. ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช. ื’ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืชื—ืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื™ืคื•ื ื• ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ. ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ืคื•ืฆื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืง "ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช" ("ืคื™ื ื•ื™-ืคื™ืฆื•ื™"). ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืขืœ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืจืชื ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ืฉืœ  . ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” ื•ื‘"ืื’ืŸ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ" ื™ื•ื ื”ื’ ืžืฉื˜ืจ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช. ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื™.   ื”ื™ื  ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืœืคื™ื›ืš,   ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืฉื™ื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ืชื—ื•ืžื™  . ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืขืœ ืคืชืจื•ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืกื›ื, ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ืืš ืœื ื‘ื”ืขื ืงืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™,   ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื”.   ืœื ืชืคื ื” ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”.   ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืฆืขื“ื™ื ื—ื“-ืฆื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื.
3.   ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื—ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืœื›ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืฉืœ ืคื™ื•ืก ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœื•ื ืœืžืขืŸ ืจื•ื•ื—ืชื ืฉืœ ืขืžื™ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช,   ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื”ื™ื” ืขืจื•ื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ืชืกืจื™ื˜ ืืคืฉืจื™.
4.    ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขื™ืžื”. ื–ืืช, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.   ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ืžืฆืจื™ื ื ื›ืก ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ื•ืžื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ .
5.   ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ  ืœื™ืจื“ืŸ ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืขืžื™ืงื ื•ืœื—ื–ืงื.
6.    ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืจืฉื• ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืฉืจ ื ืงื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืงืœื™ื ื˜ื•ืŸ.
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ืžืฉื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช-ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช
ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขื ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื ื›ืก ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ .   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ, ืชื•ืš ืชื™ืื•ื ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื•ื’ื™ื•ืก ืชืžื™ื›ืช ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช.
   ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช "ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™" ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจื“ื™ืงืœื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื™ืžื.
   ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ื”ื™ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืฉืœ  ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืคื•ื ื“ืžื ื˜ืœื™ื–ื
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืื™ืจืื ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื™ื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ .
  ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื ืžืจืฆืช ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืื™ื•ื ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืื™ืจืื ื™. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ, ื™ืฉ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืชื•ืš ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืื™ื•ื ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ืžืฆื“ ืื™ืจืืŸ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืจื•ืื”   ืฆื•ืจืš ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ื™ ืขื ื”ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
  ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืžืื‘ืง ื ื—ื•ืฉ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืคื ื™ื ืœืขื‘ืจ  , ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ  ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”.
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ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
ื›ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืชืชืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืขืจื›ื™ืช ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืžื•ื‘ื—ื ืช, ืจื•ืื”   ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืคืขืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื” ื”ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ   ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœื”. ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืจื•ืื”
  ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื ื“ื‘ืš ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ  ืœืกืคืง ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”.
   ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ืื“ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช. ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื• ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืœื”ื ื—ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
  ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืชื ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื™ื. ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื–ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืœืฆื“ ื–ืืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื”   ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื–ื™ืงื” ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืืœื™ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืจื•ืื”   ืืช ืฉื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื ืš โ€“ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื•ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ืกื˜ื™ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ โ€“ ื›ื›ืืœื• ืฉืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืกืชื™ืจื” ื”ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™, ืืœื ืฉื”ื ืฉื–ื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืจื”.
  ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืฉืจ , ืžื—ื“, ืœืฉื ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื ื—ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ื‘ื” ืขืจื›ื™ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื˜ืคื— ื•ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ืžื•ืจืฉืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ  , ืื•ืชื ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœืžื” โ€“ ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื•ื”ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™ โ€“ ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ. ืžื—ื“, ืชืคืงื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ืืชื•ืก ื•ื–ื”ื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืจื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืžืœื›ื“ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ, ืœืงื“ื ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื“ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื–ื•. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื—ืœืง ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืœื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ื˜ืœื• ื—ืœืง ืคืขื™ืœ, ื›ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืžืฆื“ื“ืช ืชืคื™ืฉืช ืขื•ืœืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืฉืœ   ื‘ื”ืขืฆืžืช ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืœื ื›ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ื“ืœื ื™ ื”ืžืงื“ื ื”ืชื‘ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื‘ื“' ืืžื•ืชื™ื•, ื›ื™ ืื ืœื”ืคืš, ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื“ืœื” ืœื”ืขืฉืจืชื”, ื”ืขืžืงืชื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื•ืกื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช.
   ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื, ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืœืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื•ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื.    ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœืคืชื— ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืชืงื“ื. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขืจืš ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื•ืชืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
  ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืคืขื™ืœื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื ื•ืขืจ. ื–ืืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ื ื•ืกืžื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื.
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช  ืœืกืคืง ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ,    ืœืฉืงื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ืœื—ื–ืงื• ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื•ื”ืžืกื—ื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ืจื›ืฉื• ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš  ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื•.
ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื›ืš   , ืžื—ื“, ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืจืžืช ื”ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื™ืขื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื.
   ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื—ืงื™ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื—ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืชืงื“ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืฉื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ืงื ื™ื™ืชื ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ื•ืœื”ื ื—ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื .
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ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
   ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžื•ืจื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ื”ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื‘. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื›ื“ืžื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื›ืจื•. ื’. ื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขืกืงืชื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื. ื“. ื”ืขืœืืช ืกืฃ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ืœืœื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœื”ื•ืจืื”.
ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
ืžื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”  ืชื—ืช ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื•ืงื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ื ืžืืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืจืกื ื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขื–ื™ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ืžืจืฆื™ื ื™ื ืืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืืงื“ึพ ืžื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ.
  ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื”ื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช  ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื“ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืจื•ื—.
   ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” .
   ืœืžืขืŸ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืฆืขื“ ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื”ืŸ ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื’ื™ื•ืกื• ืฉืœ ืกื’ืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื”ื•ืจืื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื™ืชืจื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™.
   ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ืืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™.
   ืœื”ืงืžืช ืงืจืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืืฉืจ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืžืชืŸ ืžืœื’ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ื” ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื.
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื‘ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื“ื‘ืš ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžืืžืฅ ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช  ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื–ื™ืงืชื” ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš    ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืงื™ื•ืžื ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ื” ืชืชื ื”ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื•ืช ืืช ืกื’ืœ ื”ืžืจืฆื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืงืฆื•ื‘, ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื•ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช, ืืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื•ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืขืœ ืžืคืขืœื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืคืจื˜. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืืช ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ  ื•ืจืืฉ ื—ืฅ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช, ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช.
  ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™, ืืฉืจ ืœืชืคื™ืฉืชื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื• ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืœืง ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ื” ื•ื™ืœื“ . ืชืžื™ื›ืชื” ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืชื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื. ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงืฆื™ื ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืชืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ืœื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
ื‘. ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื•ืžืŸ ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื” ื”ืขืžื“ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื, ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš.
ื’. ื”ืงืฆืืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช. ื“. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœืฉื ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื™ื ื•ืช ืงื“ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืืช ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืงื“ืฉืช ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ืงื ื• ืœื”ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืคืกื™ืงืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื ืฉืžืช ืืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื•ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ  .
   ืœืžืขืŸ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื‘  ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืฉืชื™ืชื• ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช.    ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™.
  ืชืฉืืฃ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื›ืžื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžื ื—ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืœื›ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื•.
  ืžื•ืงื™ืขื” ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ืื‘ืง ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื”.
  ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืื›ื™ืคืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช, ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื”.
  ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคึพ ื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช  ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ .
  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ , ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืชื ืฉืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื“ืง, ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื— ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ .
   ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกื ื•.   ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืขืจืš ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžืจื•.
  ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ . ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืกื™ื•ืข, ืชืจื’ื•ื, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’, ื›ืš ืฉื“ืœืชื•ืช ื”ืฆื“ืง ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื”ื ื–ืงืง ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื’ื ืื ื™ื“ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืฉื’ืช ืœืžืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš.
   ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืื–ืจื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื, ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชืงื ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืงืžืช ื‘ืชื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ ื™ื™ื”ื ื” ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช, ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื›ืœ.
ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื”
   ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื” . ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ื™ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื— ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื˜ื—ื ื” ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™, ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ืœืงื™ื•ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“.
ืžื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ
  ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื” ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื• ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ืช ื•ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ.
  ืžื•ืงื™ืขื” ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื” ืžืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืื ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช.
ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜
ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืื•ื˜ื•ื ื•ืžื™ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื ืฉืžืช ืืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช   ื ื—ืจืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืงืžืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ . ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืืฃ ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืื• ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชื™ื™ืš ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™, ืœื ื™ื•ืจืฉื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืœืชื™ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื˜ื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืกื›ื ื” ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ืื ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื
ืื—ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื” ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื, ืฉืœื•ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื•ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”. ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื–ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืคืขืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื–ืจื•ืข ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืง ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช, ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื•ืžืชืคืงื“ืช, ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืื™ื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืœืงื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืžืฉื˜ืจืช , ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื™ืขื“ ื–ื”, ื‘ืคื ื™ ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื›ื™ืื•ืช. ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืื•ืชื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉืจืช ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘. ืชืช-ื”ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ื• ื ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ื›ื ื“ึพ ื‘ืš ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื ื™ืื•-ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืขืงื‘ื™ ื•ืžืชืžืฉืš ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชืงื ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ืžื ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื” ืฉืจื•ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืžืชืŸ ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื•ืœืงืฆื™ื ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืคื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื™, ื•ืคื•ื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืื˜ืจืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ืžืชืงืฉื” ืžืฉื˜ืจืช  ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื” ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืคืฉื™ืขื” ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื’ืœื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื•ืื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ. ืžื’ืžื” ื–ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ .   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืขืœืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืชื’ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจืช , ื•ืืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื. ื›ืŸ ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืขื™ื’ื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืœื”ืงืžืช ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืขืกืงืชื ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
 ื”ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืื•ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืื‘ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ืžืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืจื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื  ื‘ืžืฉืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื.   ื—ื•ืชืจืช ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช  ืžืชื•ืš ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ื•ื ืงืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื. ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื•ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืื‘ื ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช.    ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉ , ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืชืžืžืฉ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช ื•ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื.
ื‘. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืชื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช.
ื’. ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ , ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืœืžื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ.
ื“. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ . ื”. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื‘ืชื™ ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื’ืฉืชื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืงืกื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืงื‘ืจื™ื.
  ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื”ืžื•ืกื›ื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืขืžื•ื“ ืชื•ื•ืš ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืขืจื›ื• ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืขืœ ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžื›ื ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื•ืžืœื›ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื‘ืช ืชื™ืฉืžืจ ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ .
  ืžืฆื“ื“ืช ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื ื•ืคืฉ, ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ืคื ืื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆื•ืžืฆื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืขื“ืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื›ืœ ืื–ื•ืจ.
  ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืฉืจ ืชื•ื’ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื•ืื•ืคื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ.
   ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื”ื•ืœืžืช ื•ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื.    ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื›ืœ ืกืžืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืจืช ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ .   ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืจืš ื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ืื• ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
  ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœื”. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืกื“ืจ "ืชื•ืจืชื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืชื•" ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื•ื— "ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ", ืœืคื™ื• ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืžื›ืกื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืœื - ืฆื‘ืื™ ืื• ืื–ืจื—ื™.
   ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” .
   ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช "ืœื™ื‘ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”", ืืฉืจ ืชืงื™ืฃ 30 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื•ืืฉืจ ื–ื›ืื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืœืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™
   ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ื—ื•ืงืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘  ื•ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžื ื“ื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืชืขื ื™ืง ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช. ืœื—ืงื™ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื˜ืจื” ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืขืฆืžืื™ืช, ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื”, ื•ืืฉืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื.
ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžืขืฆื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ, ืžืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื˜ื™ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœืงื“ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช. ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืชื•ื•ื“ื ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืกืžื›ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืขื ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื–ื•ืจ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ , ืชื•ืš ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื•ืช,    ืœื”ืขืœืื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ, ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื—ืงื™ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืขืจื™ื ืื™ืชื ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืชื• ืฉืœ "ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืœื™", ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ื•ื” ืจืฃ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื• ื™ื–ื›ื• ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช . ื›ืŸ  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”"ืžืืฆ'ื™ื ื’", ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื ืขืช ืžืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื.
   ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช , ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช, ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขืจื™ื ืฉื™ืคืฉื˜ื• ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ. ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืคืขืœื• ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืœ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื. ืชื•ืขื ืงื ื” ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™, ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช (ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช), ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื ื™ื”ื•ืœืŸ ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืชื’ื‘ื•ืจ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืงืœื™ื˜ื”
  ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืขื•ื’ืŸ ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. ืžืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืชืจืžื” ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ . ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืจื›ื ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื•ืžืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื”. ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืฆืžื™ื—ืชื” ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ  .   ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื“ืื’ื” ืืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืืจืฆื”. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืงื“ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื“ืื’ื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ืขื ืชื—ื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื ืขื‘ืจื”   ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช "ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื”", ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืœืžืขื ืง ื›ืกืคื™ ืืฉืจ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกื™ื•ืข ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืืงืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื ืขื–ื‘ ืœื’ื•ืจืœื•. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื•, ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ื ืขื“ืจื™ ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืคืชื, ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ืžืฉื›ื ื  ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœื™ื” ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืกื‘ืœื• ืžืื™ืกื•ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื–ื™ืงืชื ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืชืŸ. ื•ื”ื ื”, ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ , ื‘ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืžืžืฉ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืืช ื–ื”ื•ืชื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ืžื•ื—ืžืฆืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ืœืขื™ืœ.
ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ืื—ืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ื›ื— ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ืœื™ื ื›ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื•ืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”  ืœืคืชื—. ื›ืš, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืชื™ืื˜ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื, ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืขื•ืœื™ื, ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืžื’ืžื” ื–ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ื‘  ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื•, ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืขื ื” ืขืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื , ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœืคื™ื• ื–ื™ืงื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช,    ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื›ืš ืฉืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช  ื™ื™ืงื—ื• ื—ืœืง ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื“ื   ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืžื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืžื“ืจื•ื ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืžืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืžืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื”, ืืฉืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื–ื”ื•ืชื ื•ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
   ืœืชืงืŸ ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืงืฆื‘ืช ื–ืงื ื”; ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื, ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื ื–ืงืงื™ื; ื•ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ื’ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช.
   ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื”ื•ืœืžืช, ื•ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื•ื”ืกื‘ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช.
   ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ืชื” ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื•ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื›ืœืคื™ ื™ื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™.
   ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ืืคืœื™ื” ืžืชืงื ืช ื‘ื”ืขืกืงืช ืืงื“ืžืื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
   ืœืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืžืงื™ืฃ ืœืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขื•ืœื™ ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื•ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื”ื•ืœืžืช, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื›ืœืกื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ืœื™ ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ืœื”ื˜ืจื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื” ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื”ื ืจืžืก ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื™ืกื™ื, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื”, ื•ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื•ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืืคืœื™ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื•ึพ ืœื™ื ืžืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื• ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืœื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช, ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืชื” ื•ื”ื›ืœืชื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช.
ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช , ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืขืชื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ืžื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ืฆื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืคืจื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื.
ืื—ื“ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืชื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ื” ื—ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื”ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืฆืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ื™ืฉ ืœืขื’ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืขืœ ืื“ืžืชื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืงืจืงืข.
   ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืกื™ ืžื’ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืกื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื—ืงืœืื™, ื•ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื—  ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืœืื–ืจื—. ื–ืืช, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ("ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™") ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”.
   ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจื• ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ืœื‘.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™ื
"ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื’ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ื, ื›ืžืขื˜ 45 ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงืžืช , ื™ืฉ ืคืขืจื™ื ืœื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ืช, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ื ื ืกื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืงืคื™ืฆืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ืฉืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืงืฉืจื• ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื ื‘ื’ื•ืจืœื ื•." (ื™ืฆื—ืง ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื–"ืœ ื‘ื ืื•ื ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”-13.7.1992 ,13)
ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืชื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช  ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืจืงืžืชื• ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช.  -ื ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื•ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™ื- ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื”, ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื” ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื•ืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืคืœื™ื”. ื–ืืช, ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืจืš ื”ืื“ื ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘  ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™ื - ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™.   ืชืงื“ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืœืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื.
2. ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”-ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื“ื•"ื— ื•ืขื“ืช ืื•ืจ ื•ืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืืคืœื™ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื™.
3. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™-ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช: ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉืงืœื•ืœ ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื™ื. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืื–ื•ืจื™, ืืฉืจ ื™ืคืชื— ื‘ืกื™ืก ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ื™ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช.
4. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืงื™ื•ื ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ-   ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืงื™ื•ื ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื“ื•"ื— ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื  ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื• ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ ื•ื”ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™.   ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
5. ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืžืœืื”-ื”ืงืžืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืชืขื•ื“ื“, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืขื’ืœ . ื–ืืช, ืœืฆื“ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื ื’ื“ ืืคืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช .
6. ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืงืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ โ€“ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื ืžืจืฆืช ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื“ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ ื•ืžืชืืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ืกืคืงื• ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื”ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื“ื•"ื— ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ืžืงืจืงืขื™ .
7. ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืชื™ -    ืœื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืชืงื ื™ ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™-ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™. ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™-ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืืœื•.
 ื•ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช
  ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืจื—ื‘ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื–ื”ื•ืชื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ื•ืฉืœื, ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืจืงื ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื•. ื—ื•ืกื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžืชื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ .    ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ   ื›ืžืจื›ื– ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ืคื™ื–ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืชื™ื•. ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื– ื–ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืฆื“ืง, ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื.   ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืืฉืจ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืœืขืœื•ืช ืืจืฆื”, ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื• ืขื ื’ื•ืจืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื• ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืœื“ืชื•.   ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืืจืฆื” ื™ื™ืงื— ื—ืœืง ืฉื•ื•ื” ื•ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื™ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืœื›ื ืกืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื™ื ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ .   ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžืงืจื‘ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื™ื—ืกื™  ืขื ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื”ืขืฆืžืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžืช "ืชื’ืœื™ืช", "ืžืกืข" ื•"ื ืขืœ"ื”". ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืคื” ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื”ืžืขื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืงื‘ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘, ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื ื’ืฉืชื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืš, ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืืคืœื™ื” ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื˜ืจื ื’ื•ื‘ืฉื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืืช ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื”ื ืœื ืชื™ืคื’ืข ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืขื™ืžื ื”ื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื.   ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืจืš ื”ืื“ื, ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืชื•. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืชืงื“ื ืœืฉื ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื›ืœื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ื”ืงืžืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชืขืกื•ืงืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
2. ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
3. ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื›ื™ืคืชื”
4. ืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืชืžืจื•ืฅ ืœื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื
5. ื”ืงืžืช ืžืจื›ื– ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืชืคืงื“ ื›ืขืฆืžืื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื
6. ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืœืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ
7. ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื“ืกืื•ืช, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื 8. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉืคืจืช ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
ืžื’ื“ืจ ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืงื“ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื“ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืื—ื“. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื’ืคื™ื”ืŸ: ื‘ื›ื ืกืช, ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ืชืจ ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื•ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื” ืœื›ื ืกืช ื•ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžื’ื“ืจ (ื’'ื ื“ืจ ืžื™ื™ื ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’), ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืชื›ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืง , ืžื•ืขืกืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื” ื•ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืขืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.   ืชื™ืื‘ืง ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ืจื ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืš  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื›ื™ืคืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ืชืงื“ื ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืงื“ื ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชึพ ืœื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ  ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืืฉืจ ืฉื—ื™ืงืชื ืžืจื—ื™ืงื” ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง . ืืœื• ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืขื•ื“. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœืฉื ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืจืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื’ื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื—ืœืงื ืžืื•ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ื.
ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืงื“ื ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื—ื•ื ืจืคื•ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืกืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช. ื”ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืชืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืคืฆื• ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคืขืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ื•ื, ื•ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืžื’ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื. ืชืงื•ื“ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง , ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื”
  ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœื”ื˜"ื‘-ืœืกื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื•ืžื•ืื™ื, ื˜ืจื ืกื’'ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™ื โ€“ , ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืคืฉืจืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืจืš ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืืคืœื™ื” ื—ืงื™ืงืชื™ืช ืื• ืคืจื•ืฆื“ื•ืจืœื™ืช ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื–ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืช, ื•ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื”ืกืชื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
  ืชืงื“ื ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉืœ   ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื”ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ื•ื”ืขื“ืคืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื’ื“ืจ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื.
   ืœืขื™ื’ื•ื ื ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœื”ื˜"ื‘ ืืฉืจ ื ืจื›ืฉื• ื‘ืชืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ืื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
   ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืชื›ื ื™ื ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœื”ื˜"ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™, ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื.
ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื 
ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื’ื“ืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื”ื™ื , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืคื’ ืชื•ืงืฃ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื, ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื. ืœ  ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื™ ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ื”.   ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฆื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ   ื› ื”ืœืื•ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืœืฆื“ ื–ืืช, ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื• ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืฉื•ื”ื” ื‘  ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจื” ื”ื’ืขืชื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื” ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื‘ื” ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ืืฃ ืื ื ื›ื ืก ืœ ืฉืœื ื›ื—ื•ืง - ืขื“ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื™ืฆื™ืืชื•. "ึฐื•ึตื’ืจ ืœึนื ืชึนื•ึถื ื” ึฐื•ืœึนื ึดืชึฐืœึธื—ึถืฆึผื ึผื• ึดึผื›ื™ ึตื’ึดืจื™ื ึฑื”ึดื™ื™ึถืชื ึฐึผื‘ึถืึถืจืฅ ึดืžึฐืฆึธืจึดื™ื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื‘ ื›) "ึผืชึนื•ึธืจื” ึทื ึทื—ืช ึดื™ ึฐื”ึถื™ื” ึธืœ ึถืึฐื–ึธืจื— ึฐื•ึทืœึตึผื’ืจ ึทื”ึธึผื’ืจ ึฐึผื‘ืชึนื•ึฐื›ึถื›ื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘ ืžื˜)
ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื
1.   ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ืช ื• ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื  ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช: ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื•ืชืžืจื•ืฅ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื. ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืกืคืง ืชื ืื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืกื™ืง ื‘ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื™.
2.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื‘ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืœ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืœืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืœื ืชื™ื•ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืŸ. ื–ืืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื  ื•ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืžื•ืœื“ืชื, ื•ืืฉืจ ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช.
3. ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืžืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืœื ืชืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืŸ.
4. ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื”ื•ืชื ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ืช  ื™ื™ื›ืœืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
5.    ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืœืœื“ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื”ื•ืชื  ืื• ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ื.
6. ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“, ืชืชืžื•ืš   ื‘ื”ืขื ืงืช ืืฉืจื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืืคืฉืจ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง
ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื
  ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืชืžื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืืžื ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•"ื, ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื ืžื ืขื” ืžืœืขื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชืชืžื•ืš   ื‘ื›ืš ืฉ  ืชืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื•ืืฃ ืชืงืฆื” ืœื›ืš ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื. ื–ืืช, ืžืชื•ืš ืขืžื“ื” ืขืจื›ื™ืช ืœืคื™ื” ืขื ืืฉืจ ื™ื“ืข ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื•.   ืชืงื“ื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืžืขืžื“ื ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜, ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื, ื•ื›ืืœื• ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืžืขืžื“ ืคืœื™ื˜. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชื›ืœื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1. ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืขืžื“ ืคืœื™ื˜, ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืœื™ืš ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื–ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืžืงืœื˜ ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
2. ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืื™ ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจื” - ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืื“ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืกื›ื ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื•, ืœื’ื•ืคื• ืื• ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงืจื”.
3. ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื”ืฉืœืžื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ -ืžืฆืจื™ื.
4. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื, ื›ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื, ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืขื ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืชืขื ื™ืง   ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืชื“ืื’ ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
5. ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื™ืืชื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ, ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืกืชื ื ื•ืช.
6. ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืงืฉืชื ืชืื•ืฉืจ ื•ื™ื•ื›ืจื• ื›ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช, ืœืžืขื˜ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช.
7. ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืฉื˜ื— , ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื‘ืขืจื“, ื‘ืื™ืœืช ื•ื‘ืืฉื“ื•ื“). ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ื•ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื. ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืœืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืงืžืช ืžืชืงื ื™ ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ื‘ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ.
8. ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
ืชืจื‘ื•ืช
  ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช  ืขืœ ืฉืœืœ ืžื•ืคืขื™ื”. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.    ืœืฉื ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืžืœืฆืช ืื•ื ืกืงื•.
ืžืชื•ืš ืชืคื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื›ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืกืคื•ื ื˜ื ื™ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ืชืชืžื•ืš   ื‘ื”ืงืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.    ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืžื•ืš ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช.   ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ื”ืคืขืœืชื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืขืจื•ืฅ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืฆืžืื™, ืจืื•ื™ ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™.    ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืชื ืื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื•ืคื ืกื™ื” ืœื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืงืจืŸ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื, ืืžื ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืžื˜ืขื  ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ืชืงื“ื ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื›ืจื” ื ืื•ืชื” ืžื˜ืขื  ื‘ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื.
ืกืคื•ืจื˜
  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื˜ืคื— ืืช ื—ื•ืกื ื• ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืชื•, ืชื•ืจื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืขืจืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืœื ื•ืขืจ. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื”ื.    ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื”ืŸ.    ืœื”ืงืžืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืฉื ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ื™ื.
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื, ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื ืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื›ื™ ืื ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืฉื•ืœื—ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกื ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ , ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”.
 ื”ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ืฆืคื•ืคื” ืžื—ื“, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืขื ื™ื™ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืงืจืงืข, ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ื‘ืข. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื” ืœืจืื™ื™ื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื” ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืืฉืจ ืคืฉื•  ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืคืกื—ื• ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืคืงืขื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื.
  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื•ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืŸ ืื‘ื ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ื  ืœืขืฆื™ืจืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ื•ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”.
   ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžืฉืง ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืžืฉืง ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืชื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืชื•ื ื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ.
   ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื”, ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืชืขื’ืŸ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื•ื ืงื™ื™ื”, ื•ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื™ื“ื™ , ื• ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช  ื•ืžืขืจืš ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ.
ืžื™ื
  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื” ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช. ื”ืžื™ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืžืฉืื‘ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืงื™ื•ืžื™ ื•ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ืœื ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”.
   ืœืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฉืง ืžื™ื ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืžืงื™ืฃ ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืžื™ื , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื ืืงื•ื•ื™ืคืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ, ื”ื›ื ืจืช ื•ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื.
   ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื, ืžื ื™ืขืช ื“ืœืฃ, ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ ื ื’ืจ, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื ืืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™.
   ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืง ื”ืžื™ื , ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ืชื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื™ื, ืžืขืจืš ืืกืคืงืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžื™ื–ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชืคืœื”.    ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืกื•ืคืงื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืœืจืช ื”ืžื™ื , ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืขื™ืžื ืชืชืžื•ื“ื“  ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ืžืื’ืจื™ ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™  ื˜ื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืจื‘ืช ืขืจืš ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ  ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืฆืคื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืฉืง ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ื›ืœื›ืœืช  ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
   ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฉืง ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื , ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžื—ื“, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืชื•ืš ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื•ื”ืขืฆืžืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
   ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืง: ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื, ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช,    ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ . ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ื”ืงืžืชื ืฉืœ ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืœื”ืคืงืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืกื•ืœืืจื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื’ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื , ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ืงืจืงืข ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ืงืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื•ืœืืจื™ื•ืช.
   ืœืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ, ืืฉืจ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืง.
   ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืžืจื•ืฅ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” . ืœืฆื“ ื–ืืช, ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืฉืœื‘ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืฉื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื.   ืชืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืงืžืชื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉืช ื—ืฉืžืœ ื—ื›ืžื” , ืืฉืจ ืชืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉืžืœ ืžื—ื“, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืขืจืš
ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ.
ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข
ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื—ืฆื‘ื™ื”ื, ื”ืžื™ื, ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™.    ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฆื“ืง ื—ืœื•ืงืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื” ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื.   ืชืงื“ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ื›ื™ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  ื›ื•ืœื โ€“ ื•ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื™ื™ื”ื ื• ืžืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื.
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืงืจืงืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื
"ื”ืขื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ืจืง ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืชื™ ื”ื–ื” [ื”ืงืจืงืข] ืœืฆืžื™ืชื•ืช. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืขื ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืชื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื, ื‘ืคื—ื“, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืขื•ื–". (ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘ ื”ืจืฆืœ, ื ืื•ื ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, 1901) "ึฐื• ึธื” ึธื ึถืจืฅ ืœึนื ึดืช ึธึผืž ึตื›ืจ ึดืœ ึฐืฆ ึดืž ึปืชืช" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›"ื”, ื›"ื’)
ื”ืงืจืงืข ื”ื™ื ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื . ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื“ืžื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืžืฉืื‘ ื™ืงืจ ืขืจืš ื–ื” ืœืžื˜ื‘ืข ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืกื•ื—ืจ.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื‘ืœื™ืžืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื”ืœืš ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื—ื›ื™ืจื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืงืจืŸ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืจืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืจืŸ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืœ ืืฉืจ ืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื›ื™ืจื”.
   ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื  ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืชืงื“ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื™ืžื• ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื ื”ืžืื—ื“ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืงืจืงืข.
  ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืชืž"ื 35 ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื—, ื•ืœืชืขื“ื•ืฃ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง, ืขื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ืฆื™ืคื•ืฃ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจืงื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื“ื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ืจื’ืœ, ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืฅ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืžืกื—ืจ, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ึพ ืชื™ื™ื.
  ืชืชื ื’ื“ ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืชื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืงื“ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื™, ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืชืืคืฉืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ.   ืชืชื ื’ื“ ืœื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื’ื ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืืชืจื™ ืžื•ืจืฉืช.
ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข
   ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื ื•ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžื•ืจืฉืชื”, ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœื”, ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ื”ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื”. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืงื“ื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื• ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ืžื•ืจืฉืชื” ื•ื ื•ืคื™ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ .
ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื•ืคืกื•ืœืช
   ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืขื•ื“ื“ื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช, ื•ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืืžืฆึพ ืขื•ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื™ืจื•ืง ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ื˜ืœืช ืžืก ืคื—ืžืŸ ื•ืขื ื™ืฉื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื. ื›ืŸ  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช.
   ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ื ื’ืจื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืคืขืœื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื’ื–ื™ ื—ืžืžื”.
   ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืชื• ื”ืกื•ืคื™ืช ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื•ืช.
   ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืชื‘ืฆืข ื›ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื•ื•ืœื•ื ื˜ืจื™ ืœื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ืœืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ื•ืœืœื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ืฆื‘ืช ืžืชืงื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื•ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืขืกืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื›ื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื™ืช ืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื, ื•ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš.
ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
ื—ื•ืกื ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืกื” ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
  ืชื“ืื’ ืœืฉืœื•ืžื, ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื ื•ืœื”ื’ื ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื: ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจ, ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืง. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœืžื’ืจ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœืœื•ืช, ื”ืชืื›ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื.
   ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื—ื“, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืชื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื.
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www.havoda.org.il   ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ
33ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช:   ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช,  ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ , ื•ื ื™ืœื—ื ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืช  ืœโ€ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”โ€. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื ื• ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืžืœืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.

ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™: ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ . ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื•ืœืช, ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ.  ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืืช ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืžืฉื”, ื“ื•ื“, ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™, ื”ืจืžื‘โ€ื, ื”ืจืฆืœ ื•ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™  ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื™ ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•, ื—ื ื” ืกื ืฉ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื•ืจื•ืขื™ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–โ€ืœ. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื”. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืชื "ืš ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ื›50%. ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžื•ืจืฉืช .  ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื“ื—ื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืžืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ .

ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ืขื ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช:   ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉื ื• ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื”ื ื” ืžืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื–ื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื›ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ืฆืขื™ืจื” . ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง, ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื (ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืขืชื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช) ื•ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืžื™ืกื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื .   ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืจืฉืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืืœื•, ื•ืจืง ืœืืœื•, ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื.

ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื’ื– โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืžื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืงืžืช ืงืจืŸ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื’ื– ื•ื ืคื˜ ื‘1/11/2011 ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืš ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืงืžื”. ืื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉืชื•ืงื ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืืœืชืจ, ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  . ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ  ืœื ื™ื•ืคื ื• ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืืœื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.

ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” โ€“ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื ื“ื‘ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขืจืš ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื’ื ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื. ื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืชื” ื•ื”ื•ื–ืœืชื”. ื ื“ืื’ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืื›ื™ืคื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืคืจื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช. ื ืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื ืงื“ื ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.

ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืคืขืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš: ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื”ื ืื—ืช ื”ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช . ื”ื ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ืžื–ืขื–ืข: ื™ืฉื ื• ืžื™ืชืื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ ืฉืœื•. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื• ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืœืื™ืŸ-ืขืจื•ืš ืžื™ืœื“ ืžืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื”. ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืชืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ื–ืืช ืจืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืืจื’ื– ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืจืงืขื•.  ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืชืช ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื”. ืื ื• ื ืฉืืฃ ืœืชืช ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™  .

ืžืฉืคื˜ ืžืื•ื–ืŸ: ืื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช-ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจื•ื— . ืื ื• ื’ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื ื•ืชืง, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืขืจื›ื™  ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื™ืฉืงืคื• ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืžืื•ื–ืŸ ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™. ื–ืืช ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืงืฅ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื  ืžืžื ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื.

ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžืื•ื–ื ืช: ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื–ื ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืืš ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ืืœื ืข"ื™ ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื›ื™ื•ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช. ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืžืขื•ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ: ืื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืžืžืขืจื‘ ืœื™ืจื“ืŸ. ื‘โ€ืฉื•ืง ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชโ€ ื”ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขื“ ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“: ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืื• ืกื™ืคื•ื— ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื. ืœื“ืขืชื ื•, ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืื™ื ื ื™ืฉื™ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ  . ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื—ืคืฆื” ื‘ื™ื•โ€ืฉ ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœ  , ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื”: http://bit.ly/wFaSb8.

ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ืฆื”โ€ืœ: ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”โ€ืœ ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื . ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืขื•ื“ืคืช ื•ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื–ื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืžืืœ ืคื•ืกื˜ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื™ืฉ-ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื‘ืฆืœื ื•ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™-ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช: ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ , ืืš ืœื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจืคืกื•ืช, ืืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“: ืืจืฅ  ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื โ€ืš, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืขื ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืœืฉื’ืฉื’.   ื”ื™ื ืื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื˜ืืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื‘ ื”ืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ื”ืื™ืกืœืืžื™.

ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืืจืฅ:  ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช  ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืงื ื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืืจืฅ: ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ื‘ืงืขื”, ื‘ืขืจื‘ื”, ื‘ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืŸ. ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืžืชืŸ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื–ื•.

ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืœื”:   ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื ืจืง ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”, ืืœื ื’ื  ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื  ืžืžืขื˜ืช ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœืžืขื˜ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ "ืชื’ืœื™ืช", ืื™ื ื ื• ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื™ืžื ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืขื ืฉืœื ื•. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.

ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”:   ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ืฆื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื "ืš ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื—ืงื™ืงื” ื“ืชื™ืช ื•ืžื—ืงื™ืงื” ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื•ืคื”. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื“ืจื’ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช:  ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืขืฆืžื” ื›ื ื•ืชื ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื“ืจื’ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช .  ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘  ื”ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื— ื•ื ืคืขืœ ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื›ืš. ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ื ื ื•: ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื™ื•ื ื–ื”, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืฉื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื”.

ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™: ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืขืจืš ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ  . ืื ื• ื’ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชื•ืจื”, ืืš ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžืคื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืฆื“ืง ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื’ืœ  ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืงื™ื•ื ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฆื”"ืœ โ€“ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืžืคืงื“ื™ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืœื•ืืŸ, ื’ื ืื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ืฆืื•ืช ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื.

ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™: ื›ื™ื•ื   ืฉื•ื’ื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ื’ื” ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืกืชื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืžื“ืช , ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืžืคืœื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืคื•ืš. ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื’ื™ืก ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืช .

ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ื:    ืžืื‘ื“ืช ืืช ืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ื ื’ื‘. ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืื“ืžื•ืช, ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ  ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืง ื•ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ, ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื“ืžื•ืช ืœืœื ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื.

ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื’ืœ ื”ืžืกืชื ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ :   ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื›ืช  ืฉืœ ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืืคืจื™ืงื”. ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจื™ืชืจื™ืื” ื•ืกื•ื“ืืŸ ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ โ€“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืคืจื ืกื” . ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ืขืฆืจื• ืื•ืชื. ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ โ€“ ื”ืคืกืงืช  . ืื ื”"ืคืจืก" ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื ื”ืจื” ื™ื™ืขืœื, ื’ื ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ืชื™ืคืกืง. ื”ืคืกืงื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ืชืขืกื•ืงืช ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื  ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืœืš ืงืฉื” ื•ืืฃ ืื›ื–ืจื™. ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”. ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืกืชื ื ื™ื ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื.
ืžืฆืข  "ื“ื•ืจ

ืžื‘ื•ื โ€“ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื

1. ืœืžื™ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”

 "ื“ื•ืจ", ื›ืžืคืœื’ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื ื•. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื’ืžืœืื™  ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ , ื•ืœืืœืคื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”. ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื–ืงื ื” ื•ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืฉืชื”ื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืชื ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช. 
ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื›ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœ ื•ื’ื™ืœ โ€“ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื”ื™ื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืžื”ื™ืžื™ื. ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ื•ืœื ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ืชื”ื™ื™ื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ื•ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช.

2. ืžืขืžื“ื ื•ืชื“ืžื™ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื

ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ื ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื“ืžื™ืชื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื.

3. ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ

ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื”, ืœืžื’ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืื—ืจืช. ื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงืช ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช โ€“ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฉืžื• ืขืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื”, ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.



ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ืžืฆืข
1. ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืฉื” ืœื”ืชืืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื, ืขืœื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืกืคืจื ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื•ื ืขืช ืžื—ื“ โ€“ ื•ืจืคื•ืื” ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ืช ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ืขื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืงื“ื ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขื ืงืชื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ื•ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื›ืœืœื•ืช ืœืืกืคืงืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื”.
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ ืจื•ืคื ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื™ืœ 70.
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืกืœ ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช/ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื. ื•ื–ืืช ื’ื ืข"ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช % ื’ื“ืœ ืžื”ืกืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื.
5.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืคืจื˜. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืœื›ืœืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช  โ€“ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื•ื ืคืชื— ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื โ€“ ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืืจืชื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืชื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช.
6.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืฉืคืจ ืืช ืคืจื™ืกืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืจืงื—ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื.
7.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื“ืื’ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื•ื–ืืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื โ€“ ื•ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
8.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืงื“ื ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื (LIFESTYE MEDICINE) ืชื•ืš ื’ืžื™ืœื” ืžื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืขื™ืฉื•ืŸ, ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ, ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืกื•ื›ืจื™ื โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ืžื™ืœื“ื•ืชื, ื‘ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื ื•ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื โ€“ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื”, ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ื•ืชื•ืจืžืช, 



1. ืชืขืกื•ืงื”

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืžื—ื™ื™  ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื—ื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ืžื•ืขื“ื”, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืชืื•ื ืขื ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื.
2. ืœ "ื“ื•ืจ" ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืžืœืื”". ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืœื›ื•ืœื, ื•ืœืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ.
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืฉื ืฆื‘ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืจืช ืืช  ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื™ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืชื ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืจื“ ืœื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ. 
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื“ืื’ ื›ื™ ืœื ืชื”ื™ื™ื” ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื”.
5.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื“ืื’ ื›ื™ ืขืœื•ืช  ืœืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื โ€“ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื โ€“ ืชื•ืงื˜ืŸ.
6.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช. ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœ"ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ืช".  
7.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืฉื” ืœื”ืคืจื›ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืกื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื”"ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™" ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ืืœื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื ื‘ืคืจื˜.

3.  ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช, ืฉืช"ืค ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื, ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืœื™ืžื™ื ื ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืžืื‘ืงื™ื”ื ื”ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” โ€“ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืคืขื•ืœืชื ื•ืชืชืžื•ืš ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื— ื”ืžื™ื™ื—ื“ื™ื ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.

4 . ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื”ื ื–ืงืงื™ื.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืžืœื (ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœื–ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”) ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” โ€“ ืชื•ืš ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืœื ื•ืžื•ืกืžืš ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช.
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื–ืœ.
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืžืชืžื“ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื–ื›ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื”.

5. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืคื ืกื™ื”

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืงืฆื‘ืช ื–ืงื ื” ืœื—ืกืจื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื”/ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ื–ื”ื” ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื. ื”ืฆืžื“ืช ื”ืงืฆื‘ื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœ-75% ืžืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื–ื™ืงื ื” ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืœืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช. 
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื™ืื‘ืง ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืœื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  โ€“ ื‘ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืฉื ื—ืชืžื• ื‘ืžืฉืง.
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื“ืื’ ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืคื ืกื™ื” โ€“ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื.

6. ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื“ืื’ ืฉื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื•ื•ืชื™ืง ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ื‘ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืฉื ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื—ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™-ืืงื“ืžื™ ืžื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื•ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจ.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ืขืฆืžืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช-ื”ืฉื›ืœืชื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฆื™. ืชืขื•ืฆื‘ ื•ืชื™ื•ืฉื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืื™.
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช โ€“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื•ืชืงืฆื•ื‘.
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืœืฉื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”-OECD ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™, ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื”.
5.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืื—ืช โ€“ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™, ื”ืขืœ-ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” โ€“ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ื: ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืชืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื–ืจื—.

7.  ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช  ื ื“ื‘ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืฉืžืจ ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  โ€“ ืื™ืฉื” ื•ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื ื™ื—ื™ื•. 

8. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืฉืืฃ ืœืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื โ€“ ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘.

9. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืง

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื โ€“  ื•ื™ืจื•ื›ื–ื• ื‘ื• ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื—ื•ืง ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืกืขื™ืคื™ื•, ื™ืชื•ืงืฆื‘ ื•ื™ื™ืื›ืฃ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ืชืื•ืคืฉืจ ื—ื ื™ื™ืช ื—ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืืจืฆื™ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื”.
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื‘ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืขื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื’ืžืœืื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืžืขืœ  ื’ื™ืœ 75 โ€“  ืžืขืœ ื•ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ืงืœื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ื”.
4.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ืงืžืช "ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื’ืžืœืื™ื", ื›ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœืชื” ื™ื™ื›ืœืœื• ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื–ื• ื•ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื.
5.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.
6.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืชื™ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”"ืื–ืจื— ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืง".

10. ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืงืžืช ืชืื™ื ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืชืชื•ืื ืขื ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” โ€“ ื•ื›ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื” ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ืžืื•ืฉืจ.
3. ื ืฆื™ื’ื™  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื ืืช ืชื™ืง ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื”.

11.  ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ืžืฉื™ืœื•ืช

1.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชืฆื™ืข ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™, ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™, ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื— ื•ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
2.  "ื“ื•ืจ"  ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžื‘ื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื•ืชืื ืœืžืื” ื”โ€“21, ื•ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืืœื™ ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“. ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉืจื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืชื•ื’ื‘ืœ ืœ"ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืชื™ืง".
3.  "ื“ื•ืจ" ืชื™ืื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช.

*************************ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืœื›ื ืกืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืžืฆืข

ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœืฆื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืง: ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื›ื™ื, ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื“ืช, ื’ื–ืข, ื’ื™ืœ ืื• ืžื™ืŸ. ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื“ื ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื›ื•ื— ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื’ื•ืจืœื ื• ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ืจื™ืื”. ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืœืง ืคืขื™ืœ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื•ืœื
ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืจืก ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ.

ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืงืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื ื—ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืœื ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืงืฉื” ื•ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ืขื ื–ืืช โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘.

ืœื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืขื ื” ืœื›ืœ ืืกืคืงื˜ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ , ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืฆืข ืžืงื•ืฆืจ ื–ื”. ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืฉื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ื•, ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ื•ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืฉืœื•ื, ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉืง ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื”. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ . ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช
ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ืขืฉืจืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื :

ื. ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื• ื‘ืžืจื›ื–: ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืื–ืจื— ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™-ื”ืžืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื”ืฉืจืจื” ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื•. ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื ืžืขื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืงื” ื•ื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืืช ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.

ื‘. ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืจืก ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”: ื—ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื ื ื’ืกื™ื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื—ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ, ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืœืชืขืœื•ืช-ื‘ื™ื•ื‘, ื”ืื ื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช, ืงื•ื˜ืœื™ ื”ื—ืจืงื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™, ืคืงืงื™-ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืกื•ืœืช- ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืง, ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืง ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ.

ื’. ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืืจืฅ: ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ืฃ, ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ-, ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื”, ื”ื•ื ืขืจืš ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช . ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื’ื ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืคืจื™, ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื ื™ืงื™ื•ื ื•.

ื“. ื—ืจื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช: ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืœื ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ. ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื” ืœ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ืง ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ . ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืœื—ืžื• ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืกื“ื™ืช, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื–ื•ืœืชื• ืื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ื™ืœื—ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืืคืœื™ื” ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžื™ืŸ, ื’ื™ืœ, ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก, ืžื•ืฆื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื• ืืชื ื™ ื•ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช.

ื”. ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื›ื: ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืจืก ื•ืžื–ื”ื: ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืกืœื™ืœืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื ืงื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื’ื–, ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื•ื—ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืชื›ืœื™ื ืื• ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื™ื. ื‘ , ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจ-ืงื™ื™ืžื, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืื™ืจ ื’ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืืจืฅ-ืžื•ืœื“ืช.

ื•. ื—ื‘ืจื” ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžืช: ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืื“ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื—ื“ ื”ื, ื•ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื˜ืคื— ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื–ื•.
ื™ืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื–ืจ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ืจื‘-ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ืืš ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื™, ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื.

ื–. ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”: ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืงื“ืžื• ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื•, ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ืขื ืฉืืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื—ื•ื•ื”. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืื“ืžื” ื•ืœื—ื•ืคื™ ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื. ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืงืฉืจื™ ืกื—ืจ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•.

ื—. ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื™ืจื•ืงื”: ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื›ืœื›ืœื™  ืฉื™ืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”. ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืœื ืžื ืฆืœืช ืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”. ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืชื•ืจืžืช ื•ื ืชืจืžืช. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื”ื™, ืžืก ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืžื ื•ืคื— ืžื“ื™. ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืง ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืคื ื™ื ืœืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื ืงื™ื•ืช, ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื ืงื™ื”, ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ืขื ืคื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฆืžื™ื—ื”.

ื˜. ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื“ืขืช: ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช, ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื•. ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื ืžืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื.

ื™. ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ืจ: ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”, ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ื•ืœืžืื‘ืงื™ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื , ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื–ื•. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื˜ืจื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™. ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื ืœืฉืžืืœ ื•ืœื ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ ืจืง .ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืžืฆืข

    ื ืกื™ื’ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ : ื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืœื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื ืชืžื›ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
    ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ 60% ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ืขืœืืชื• ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืœ- 5,000 ืฉืงืœ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
    ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘-40%, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื”ื—ื–ืจืชืŸ ืœืจืžืชืŸ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจ.
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืขื“ ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื˜ื‘ืข (ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื– ื•ื ืคื˜, ืคื•ืกืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื™ื ื”ืžืœื—), ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
    ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ืฉืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ื”ื•ืœื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ.
    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื›ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื‘ืชื™-ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
    ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช  ื›ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืœืื•ืžื™, ืœื• ืฉืžื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ โ€“ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™, ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™.
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื, ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช-ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”; ื•ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“.
    ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื—ื•ืงื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืฉืชื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื— ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ  ื•ืขืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”; ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืžืื‘ืง ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื•ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช; ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืื•ืกืจื™ื ืืคืœื™ื”, ื”ืกืชื” ืœื˜ืจื ืกืคืจ, ื”ืกืชื” ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืกืชื” ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืขื“ืชื™, ืืชื ื™, ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ืื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช.
    ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืืžื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ื”ืงื“ืžื”

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”-19 (ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2013) ื›ืชื ื•ืขื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืขืงื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืฆื•ื“ืง, ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช . ื—ื“"ืฉ ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง. ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืขื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื•ื‘ืžืื‘ืงื”. ืœื—ื“"ืฉ ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ื™ืช, ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช-ืชืจืื‘ื•ื˜, ื—ื–ื™ืชื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื—ื•ื’ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื.

ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืœื™ืช: ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืช ื”ืืกื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืขื–ื”; ื”ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืจื—ืงืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืฉืœื•ื ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื; ื”ืžื—ืจื™ืคื” ืืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื•ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช; ื”ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืจืกืช ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช; ื”ืžืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื—ืชื•ืช ื•ืคืกื•ืœื•ืช. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื•ืช ื•ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืก, ื•ื”ื—ืจื™ืคื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช .

ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืžืื– ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”-18 (2009), ื ื™ื”ืœื” ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืกืกื• ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ื›ืฉืžืืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื•ื”ืขืงื‘ื™ , ื›ืฉืžืืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ื›ืฉืžืืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™. ื—ื“"ืฉ ื ื˜ืœื” ื—ืœืง ืคืขื™ืœ ื•ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืžื—ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฅ 2011, ื•ืกื™ืกืžืชื” โ€“ "ื”ืขื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™" โ€“ ื”ืคื›ื” ืกื™ืกืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื”ืขืžืžื™ ื”ืจื—ื‘ ื ื’ื“ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ืฉื™ื’ื” ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืœืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื. ื—ื“"ืฉ ื ืฉืื” ืืช ื“ื’ืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื”ืคืจื˜ื”, ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื, ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืงืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืœืกื’ื™ืจืช ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ื—ื“"ืฉ ืฉืžืจื” ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ื” ื›ื›ื•ื— ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื›ืคื™ืœื” ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืชื ืื™ื ืœื›ืš, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื“"ืฉ ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืžืฆืข ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื•ืขืœ ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื“ื™, ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืœืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื”, ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”, ื ื’ื“ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื”"ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช", ื•ื ื™ื”ืœื” ืžืื‘ืง ืœืœื ืคืฉืจื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื“ื•ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืจื ืกืคืจ ื•ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ืœื“ืชื•. ื›ืš ื ืขืฉื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื“ื‘ืงื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆืขื”, ืฉืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื ืงื‘ืข, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื™ืจืชื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื‘ืฆื“  ; ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืœืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื; ืœื”ืฆืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”; ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช; ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื”; ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื”; ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื; ืœื”ื’ื ืช ืžื”ื’ืจื™  ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”; ื•ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.

ืื ื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื, ืฉ ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืื ืชื™ืžืฉืš ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช . ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืขื•ืจืขืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ , ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืœืฆื“ืง ื‘ืžื•ืœื“ืชื•.

ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ื•ืžืื‘ืงื” ืจื‘-ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืชืจืžื• ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ืกื™ืกืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื“"ืฉ โ€“ ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช,  ื•ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืŸ โ€“ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™, ื•ื’ื ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื•ืœื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ืจืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื•ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ื”ืžื—ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฅ 2011.

ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขืงื‘ื™, ื”ืœื•ื—ื ื•ืžืจื—ื™ืง ื”ืจืื•ืช, ื”ืžืฉืจืช ื ืืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื”ื™ ื•ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™. ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžืฆื™ืขื” ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืื™ืชื ื”, ืฉืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืžื‘ื—ืŸ; ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืฉืจ ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืฉืœื•ื ืฆื•ื“ืง, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื•ืœื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” โ€“ ื”ื“ืื’ื” ืœืื“ื, ืœืชื ืื™ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื•, ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื• ื•ืœืขืชื™ื“ื•.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœืฉืœื•ื ื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื•ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™ ืฆื•ื“ืง, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘

ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื–ื” ("ืขืžื•ื“ ืขื ืŸ") 2012 ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืกื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืขืฆืจืช ื”ืื•"ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื›ืžืฉืงื™ืคื”. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืขื“ื” ื’ื ืœื—ืกืœ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืื” ื•ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”. ื”ืžืžืกื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ื•ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืื™ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืื•ืคื•ืจื™ื” ืœืื•ืžื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืื™ โ€“ ืœืœื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืคื—ื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ "ื”ืฉืžื“ื”".

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžื•ืชื—ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ื•ืงื‘ืช ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•, ืฉื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื“ืขืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•"ื ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉืงื™ืคื”. ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืขืช, ื›ื™ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช 67', ื‘ืฆื“ , ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื. ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื•ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™ ื™ืคื ื• ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฆื‘ื, ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.

ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ื”ืขืžืžื™ืช ืœืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืžืžืฉ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฉื›ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ. ืขื ื”ืžืฉืขื‘ื“ ืขื ืื—ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™.

ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืœืฉืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืงื‘ืข ื”ื™-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™. ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ (ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืชื ื•, ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™) ื•ื’ื   ื•ื™ืชืจ ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–, ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ืœืœ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืฉืœืžื•ืช ืžืก ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืืš ืชื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื ื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื ื•ืœื”ืคืงื™ืข ืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื ื”ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ืœืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™1967. ืื ื• ืฉื•ืœืœื™ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ื–ื•, ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ืœืžืฉื-ื•ืžืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœื•ื ืฆื•ื“ืง ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ.

ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืฆื•ื“ืง, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื ื•, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื•, ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืฆืจืช ื”ืื•"ื ื•ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.

ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ื:

    ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืกื™ื’ืช  ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืžืื– ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื•ื ื™ 1967 โ€“ ืžื›ืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช.
    ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื• ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื‘ืฆื“  . ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”-4 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1967 ื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ   ืœื‘ื™ืŸ  ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช.
    ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืจืช  , ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช โ€“ ื›ื‘ื™ืจืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช. ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืช, ื’ื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื, ื•ืชื ื•ืขื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ.
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื“ืง ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืื•"ื.
    ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืกื•ืจื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”-4 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1967, ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืจืžืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืŸ ืœืกื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจื• ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ .
    ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืžืื™ื•ื ื•ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—, ืœื“ื•-ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืœืื™-ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช.

ืฉืœื•ื ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ   ืœื‘ื™ืŸ  ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง:

ืœื”ื•ืฆืืช ืฆื”"ืœ ืžื›ืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช; ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื•ืœื”ืจื™ืกืช ื—ืœืงื™ื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื‘ื ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืงื• ื”ื™ืจื•ืง; ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ  ืขืœ ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ื•ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืชื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื ืฉืœ ื ืžืœื™ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื™ื, ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืžืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ื•ืืœื™ื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื” ืœืจืฆื•ืขื”;

ื ื’ื“ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื—ื“-ืฆื“ื“ื™ื™ื ืžืฆื“  ื•ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ  ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช; ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจืฆื™ื ื™, ืื—ืจืื™ ื•ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•"ืž ืขืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืงื‘ืข, ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื ืกื™ื’ืช  ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืงืžืช  ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื‘ืฆื“ ; ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื;

ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื• ื‘ื’ื“ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช; ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืจื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ื”ืคืงืขืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ืช;

ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื—-ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืืฉืจ ืชืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืื”ื“ื“ื™; ืกื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืงืคื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื ื’ื“ ืื™ืจืŸ; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ  ืœืืจื”"ื‘ ื•ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ ื™ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช; ืกื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช, ื”ืžืชื•ืืžืช ืขื , ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืžืช ืฆื™ืจื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื—-ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.

ืœืคื™ืจื•ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื ืฉืง ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื•ืžื›ืœ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช, ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™  ื•ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื—ื™ืžื•ืฉ ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจืŸ ืื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื

ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ื“, , ,  ื‘ื™ืชื ื•, ืฉ"ืก โ€“ ืžื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืคืขืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ืช ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ืขืชืง ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช, ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืžืงืฆืฆืช ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.

ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื•ืขื•ื“-ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ื”ืคื•ืงื“ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ืžืื– 2008, ื•ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื’ื ืขืœ . ืžื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœืขื™ืŸ: ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื  (ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืืœื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”) ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™. ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืงื™ืฆื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืคื ืกื™ื” ืž.

ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ื ื˜ืœ ื›ื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ .

ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื–ื” 2 ("ืขืžื•ื“ ืขื ืŸ") ื”ืŸ ืœืคื—ื•ืช 4 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœ, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื–ื” 1 ("ืขื•ืคืจืช ื™ืฆื•ืงื”") ื”ื™ื• 5 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœ, ื•ื–ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืขื ืคื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ืจืคืชืงื ื™ืช ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ืืช ืื™ืจืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ืœืขืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืœืœื•ืช, ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื, ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“.

ื—ืžื•ืจ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช: ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ื“ืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ืขื•ื“-ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื–ื•ืœืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืคืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื•ืœืขื•ืช ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘  (!). ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ  ื’ื•ื–ืœื•ืช ื›-15% ืžื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืฉื ืชื™, ืœืขื•ืžืช 2% ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.

ืœื›ืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช (ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ) ืœืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืฆืขื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื‘ืจืื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ . ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื•, ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื ืฆื•ื“ืง ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” โ€“ ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื, ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”-4 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1967 ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.

ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืžืฆื™ืขื” ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืคื ืกื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื’ื™ืžืœืื™ื, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”.

ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืขืœืชื” ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ื’ื“ืœ ื‘-10%. ืืš ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืคื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื ืกื• ืจืง ืœื›ื™ืกื™ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื: ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื•, ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœื ืจืง ืฉืœื ืขืœื”, ืืœื ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืฉื—ืง ื‘-5%.

ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื, ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืขื• (ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ืขืจืคืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช) ืฉื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื, ื’ื ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื•ื›ืš, ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉื—ื•ืœืœื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื›ื™ืกื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื”, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื โ€“ ืฉื’ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื‘ืžืก ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ื‘ืžืก ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื• ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื›ืžื• ืžืก ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื.

ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” โ€“ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืฃ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืงื™  โ€“ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ.

ื“ืจืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืฆืžื™ื—ื”-ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช-ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ืืœ ืขืœ, ื‘ื›ื™"ืœ ื•ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ืœืง, ื‘ืชื ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช, ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื”.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชื™ืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ืชืคื ื™ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

    ืชื•ืกืคืช ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ 5% ืฉืชืคืฆื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ืงืช ืฉื›ืจื ื”ืจื™ืืœื™.
    ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ 60% ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ืขืœืืชื• ื”ืžื™ื“ื™ืช ืœ- 5,000 ืฉืงืœ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
    ืชืฉืœื•ื ื“ืžื™ ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžืœืื™ื ืœืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืžืฉืš 12 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ; ืžื ื™ืขืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ "ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื•ื™ืกืงื•ื ืกื™ืŸ" ื‘ืžืกื•ื•ื” ื›ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ, ื•ื”ืขื ืงืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ , ืชื•ืš ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื;
    ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข  ืœ-35 ืฉืขื•ืช, ืœืœื ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ;
    ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื;
    ื”ืงืžืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื;
    ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืืงื“ืžืื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื;
    ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืงื™  ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืคืงื—ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื“ืช ื”ืขื ื™ืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืชื;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื•ื—-ืื“ื ื•ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ืœื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื”;
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœืœื ืืคืœื™ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื™ืŸ, ืœืื•ื, ื“ืช, ืขื“ื”, ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™, ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช, ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืคื™ืกื™ืช ืื• ื ืคืฉื™ืช ืื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื; ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืืคืœื™ื™ืชื ืœืจืขื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ืขืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื; ืงื™ื•ื ืงืคื“ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“; ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช  ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ื™"ื‘ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื ืขืจื” ื•ื ืขืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื;
    ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืฉื›ืจื ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžื”ื’ืจื™  ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ืœืืœื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื;
    ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื’ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”;
    ื”ื›ืคืœืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื“ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืง, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ื’ื“ืœื• ื‘-5 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœื™ื;
    ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืก ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืž-45% ืœ-50%, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช  ืขื•ื“ 3 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœื™ื.
    ื”ื ื”ื’ืช "ืžืก ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื" ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื›ื ืกืชื• ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื›ืš ืฉืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืžืก ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืœื 55%, ืžื” ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช  ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœ.
    ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืก ืขื™ื–ื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ 10% ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืขื™ื–ื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช  ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœ.
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืขื“ ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš;
    ื”ื›ืœืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืžืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื; ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืื—ื™ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื”; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืจ"ืค ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชืงืจืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช (ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ), ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืžืก ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืžืก ืขื–ื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™);
    ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืงื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘-40%, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื”ื—ื–ืจืชืŸ ืœืจืžืชืŸ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจ.
    ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ื”ืฆืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืงื™ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžื ื™ืขืช ืฉื—ื™ืงืชืŸ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ืช;
    ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื™ื—ื•ืœ ืขืœ 50 ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืขืœ 20 ื›ื™ื•ื;
    ื”ืงืžื”, ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืฉืœ ืงืจืŸ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœื ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—, ืืฉืจ ืชืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ื”ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื•ืชื’ื‘ื” ื“ืžื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ 0.5%;
    ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข 50% ืžื”ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช;
    ื”ืงืžืช ื‘ื ืง ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื™ืคืขืœ ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ "ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื" ื”ืื ื˜ื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™;
    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื›ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืจื‘-ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืžืคื ื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ื™ืฆืฃ;
    ื”ื›ืคืœืช ื”ืชืžืœื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืงืช ื’ื–; ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืชืžืœื•ื’ื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื˜ื‘ืข.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืžื’ืžืชื™ืช ื›ืื™ืœื• "ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”" โ€“ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ืช ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื“ื•ื—ืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ื ื™, ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช ื•ื ืฉื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช, ื”ืžื™ื™ืงืจืช ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื” ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืงื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื’ื•ืจืœ. ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืคื™ืกื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื“"ืฉ ื•ืฉืœ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฅ 2011.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™

ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ โ€“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืื• ื‘ืžืฉื›ื ืชื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™. ืžืื– ืฉื”ื•ืคืจื˜ื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90, ืขืœื• ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืชืœื•ืœ, ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืคื™ 3 ืขืœ ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ. ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžื”ื™ืฉื’ ื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ืฉืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ื”ื•ืœื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ:

    ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืœืื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืชืœื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืชื™ืจื” ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืœื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื” โ€“ ืชืฉืงื™ืข ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช (2015-2013) ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 30,000 ื“ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืชื‘ื ื” 5,000 ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”;
    ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ื”ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจืŸ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช, ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืืคื™ืง ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืืจื•ืš-ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื”ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืกื”;
    ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ืงืจืงืข ืžื“ื™ื ื” 5% ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื™ื™ืžืกืจื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื™ืชื•ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืœืื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™;
    ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ืžืœืื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืื™ื ืœืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืžื ืข ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื•;
    ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช;
    ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื” ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืฉืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง, ืขื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื™ื, ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื. ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช โ€“ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช; ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขื ืžืกื—ืจ, ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืคื ืื™; ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืชืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื™ื•ืคืกืงื• ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื "ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ื•ืช", ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืจืง ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื. ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืœืื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช;
    ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื™ื’ื‘ืฉื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ืื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืจืš ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™, ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™, ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื•ื ื•ืคื™;
    ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช;
    ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ืงืฆืื•ืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืคืœื™ื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ืœื”ืขื“ืคื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื;
     ืชื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืœื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ, ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช "ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืคืจืื•ื•ืจ", ื•ืชื™ืžื ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืžืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืคื•ื™;
    ื™ื™ืขืฆืจื• ื›ืœื™ืœ ื”ืจื™ืกื•ืช ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืœืœื ื”ืชืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ืขื“ ืœื”ื›ื ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช; ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”.

ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ื•ืกืคืชืŸ ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื, ื”ืชื•ืืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ื›ื™ื. ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉื™ื ืงืฅ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื•ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”

ืฉื‘ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื (2011) ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช (2012) ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืชื•ื“ืขืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื—ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื”ืžืขื“ื™ืคื” ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช โ€“ ื ื•ืฉืืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืชืœื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื”ืขื“ืคืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ื“ืื’ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื™ื, ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื, ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ  ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืœืžืžืŸ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ื•ืืช ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”. ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืชื•ืš ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืชื ื•ื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืžืชืงื ืช.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช

ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื—ื“"ืฉ: http://hadash.org.il/pdf/briut_hadash.pdf

    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื›ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื‘ืชื™-ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื;
    ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ "ื”ืžืก ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ" ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ 5% ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช;
    ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืงืคื“ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืžื ื™ืขื”, ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืœ; ื”ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฉืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช;
    ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ 2% ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื›ืœืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช;
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืฉืคื•ื– ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ืชื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื;
    ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื;
    ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ืžื™ืœื” ืžืกืžื™ื ื•ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืกื—ืจ ื‘ืกืžื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ืคืฉื™ืขื”.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช

    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื, ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช-ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”;
    ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“;
    ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืžืชืงื ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื•ืขืจ;
    ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืชืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™-ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช;
    ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื ืชื•ืš ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ 9,000 ื›ื™ืชื•ืช-ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช;
    ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืคื™ืกื™ื™ื ื•ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ื”ืกืคืจ;
    ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื;
    ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืžืกื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืขื“ืคื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ืชื™-ืกืคืจ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื;
    ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืœ-25;
    ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘, ื›ืš ืฉืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื• ื™ื•ืขื ืงื• ืชื ืื™ื ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื ื•ืคื™ืกื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื;
    ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืขืœืœื•ืช;
    ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื–ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืกืžืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืจื•ืš;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”; ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื”ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื; ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื”; ื”ืขืœืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”;
    ื”ืงืžืชื” ื‘ื ืฆืจืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืฉืฉืคืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื” ืขืจื‘ื™ืช; ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืจืงื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื™.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืฉื•ืคืจื™ื

    ื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื›ืจืŸ;
    ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžืžื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื ื™;
    ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช  ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  ื•ืœืงื™ื•ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“;
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื; ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช; ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืžืœื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“;
    ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืงืฆื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ; ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืืจื ื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื” ืœืžืก ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืœื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉื˜ื— ื”ื“ื™ืจื”;
    ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืขืžืžื™ ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื–ื• ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื; ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืชื "ืกื™ื;
    ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช; ื”ืขืœืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ; ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช; ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืคืงื•ืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข; ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข; ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ื•ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื”ื ืชื ืื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉืชื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื; ืขืจื•ืฅ 1, ื›ืขืจื•ืฅ ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ื™ื˜ืคื— ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืงื•ืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืชื•ืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ื  ื•ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™; ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™

 ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืชื—ื•ืœืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื“ื•ืจื’ ืฉืœ ืคืืฉื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื ื’ื“ ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื•ื ื’ื“ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžืชืงืคื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ื, ืขื ื”ืกืชื” ืœืื•ืžื ื™ืช ื•ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื™ื•ืฉืžืช ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ืงื”ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื.

ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืžื ื™, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”-17 (2006) ื•ื”-18 (2009), ื•ืžืžืฉืœืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•, ื™ื–ืžื• ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืจื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืžืกื“ ื”ื™ ื ืงื˜ ื‘ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืจืกื ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื“ื•-ืฉื ืชื™; ื”ืกืชื” ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช; ื”ืขืžื“ื” ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ื—ื“"ืฉ, ื—"ื› ืžื•ื—ืžื“ ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื•ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืจืชื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืงืœืจื™ืงืœื™ื™ื; ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื ื™ืื•-ืคืืฉื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกื— "ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช" ื•"ืื ืชืจืฆื•" ื•ื‘ืžืกืข ืฉืœื”ื ื ื’ื“ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ื•ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœื•, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื ื’ื“ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื”; ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื” ืœืขืจืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืงืคืช ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ื”ืกืชื” ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืžื‘ื™ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืกื“ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื“ืชื™-ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืจืืฉื™ ืฉ"ืก, ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื• ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.

ื”ืคืืฉื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžื–ื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉืœ "ื”ื ื™ืื•-ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื–ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื™" ื•ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ืช, ืืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืช ืืช ืงืฉืจื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ-ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ืœื—ืกืœ ื›ืœื™ืœ ืืช  ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉืชื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ื ืคืืฉื™ืกื˜ื™ , ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ื—ื–ื™ืช ืื ื˜ื™-ืคืืฉื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืจื—ื‘ื” ืžื•ืœ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™.

ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉืžืืœื™ืช-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื›ื–ืืช ืชื›ืœื•ืœ: ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”-4 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 1967; ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ืœื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืœื—ืžื•ืช; ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืœื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ; ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช; ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืกืชื’ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื ื™ืช; ืขืจื›ื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื; ืžืื‘ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™-ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ืžืชืงื“ื; ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื ืฉื™ื.

ื–ื™ืจื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื”ื ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืชืงืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื’ื™ ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืขืœ ืžืจืฆื™ื ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืžืชืงืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื˜.

ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœืงื“ื ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช:

    ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื—ื•ืงื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืฉืชื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื— ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ  ื•ืขืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”;
    ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืžืื‘ืง ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช; ืœื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื“ื; ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืื•ืกืจื™ื ืืคืœื™ื”, ื”ืกืชื” ืœื˜ืจื ืกืคืจ, ื”ืกืชื” ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืกืชื” ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืœืื•ืžื™, ืขื“ืชื™, ืืชื ื™, ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ืื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช;
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื”ื“ืขื”, ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ, ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื“ืชื™; ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืกืจื‘ ืœืฉืจืช ืžื˜ืขืžื™ ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืื• ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื•ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœืฉืขืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื; ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื;
    ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ื“ืช ืž; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช; ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื ืื•ืช ื”ืขื“ืชื™ืช; ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื•ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื; ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ื•ืช ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื—ื“-ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื—ื“-ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช;
    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื•ืช-ืจื•ื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื•ื”ื“ื™ืคื” ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช;
    ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื’ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ื ื›ื• ืืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื, ื ื’ื“ ืงื™ืคื•ื— ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ืืชื ื™ืช ืื• ืขื“ืชื™ืช, ื ื’ื“ ืงื™ืคื•ื— ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ืื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช, ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื–ื, ืœื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ืœืื—ื•ื•ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื™ื; ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืกืžืžื ื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช "ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื", ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ 

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžืžืœืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืจื‘-ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช  ื›ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืขืžืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืงื™ื, ื•ื›ื›ื•ื— ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืœืœ-ื™ืช. ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™, ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ืžืžืœื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืจื‘-ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ืœืฉืœื•ื ืฆื•ื“ืง, ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื ื’ื“ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื ื’ื“ ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืกื›ื ืช ื”ืคืืฉื™ื–ื, ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืงื™ื“ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.

ืžืžืฉืœืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•-ืœื™ื‘ืจืžืŸ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืืคืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืงืจืงืข, ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื’ื ื ื•ืงื˜ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื˜ืืœื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืœื™ื, ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื, ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืคืจ ื”ืœื-ืžื•ื›ืจ ืืœ-ืขืจืืงื™ื‘ ื‘ื ื’ื‘.

ื”ื”ืกืชื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ืฉืžืฉืžื™ืขื™ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ืžืœื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ื™ ืจื•ื— ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื™ื.

ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” "ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ื ื’ื‘", ื”ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ื™ื”ื•ื“ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ื ื’ื‘, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื’ื ืขืชื” ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœืืžืฅ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ื ื’ื‘, ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื•ืงื•ืจืืช ืœืžืื‘ืง ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื ื’ื“ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช "ื”ื™ื™ื”ื•ื“" ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื•ืช.

ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื›ื•, ื‘ืœื•ื“, ื‘ืจืžืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืคื•. ืคืขื™ืœื™ ื—ื“"ืฉ ื ื˜ืœื• ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ืจื™ืกืช ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื’ื“ ื”ื”ืกืชื” ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช.

ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืฉืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืœื ืชืงืฆื‘ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ืงืžื” ืฉืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื.

ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืขื ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื•ืคื ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ืฆืข "ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจืื”", ืฆื•ืžืฆืžื” ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืงื•ื  ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืจื‘ื™.

ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืคื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื‘ืขื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009, ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื 262 ืืœืฃ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ืืš ืจืง 86 ืืœืฃ ื ืฉื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช (ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื).

ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ื 67% ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขืœ ืžืžื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื ื™, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ืœ ืž-91 ืืœืฃ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001 ืœ-156 ืืœืฃ ื‘-2009. ืชื—ื•ืœืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืขืœืชื” ืœ-54% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืขืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช. ื›ืœ ืžืกืข ื ื’ื“ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืกืข ื ื’ื“ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื”.

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

    ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช  ื›ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืœืื•ืžื™, ืœื• ืฉืžื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™, ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™;
    ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืงืขืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืงืคื—ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜, ื”ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื; ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ื; ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืœื-ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ืงืžืช ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื; ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืื™ืงืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืจืขื, ื’ืื‘ืกื™ื” ื•ื›ืคืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื›ืคืจื™ื”ื; ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืงื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื›ืคืจื™ื”ื ื ื”ืจืกื• ื‘-1948; ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ื”ื ื’ื‘ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื; ื”ื—ื–ืจืชืŸ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช, ืฉื”ื•ืคืงืขื• "ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื•ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื, ืื• ืฉืžื•ืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืขืช ืœืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ืื“ืžื•ืช ;
    ืœืžืขืŸ ืชื”ื™ื”  ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ืชื™ืื‘ืง ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื“ื; ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื•ื”ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื; ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืกืžืœื™ , ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื’ืœ ื•ื”ื”ืžื ื•ืŸ, ื™ื”ืœืžื• ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”; ืœื”ื“ื™ืคืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ "ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”". ื—ื“"ืฉ ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœื›ืคื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืžืกื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ "ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช", ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืœื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื›ื–ืืช ื›ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืืคืœื™ื”;
    ืžืื‘ืง ืขืงื‘ื™ ื ื’ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืขื“ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ; ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืœื•ื—ืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ื”; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื’ื™ื•ืก ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื-ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ื;
    ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืžืชืงื ืช, ืฉืชืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืื™ืฅ ืืช ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—, ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื”ืชื™ืขื•ืฉ, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช;
    ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืืฉืจืื™ ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“;
    ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืงืžืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื ื›ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื—;
    ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื;
    ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช  ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื;
    ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ; ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืฉืงืœื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื;
    ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืคืœื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืžืฉืœืชื™; ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงื™ื”; ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœื—ื™ื (ืฉืžืŸ ื–ื™ืช ื•ื–ื™ืชื™ื);
    ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช; ื”ืงืžืชื” ื‘ื ืฆืจืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืฉืฉืคืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื” ืขืจื‘ื™ืช; ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฉืขืจื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืืงื“ืžืื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื; ื”ืกืจืช ื”ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื™ื ืžื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืขืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—

ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืฆืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืฉื•ื—ืงืช ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ืžืงืฆืฆืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื โ€“ ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—. ืกื’ื™ืจืชื ืฉืœ ืžืคืขืœื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื—ืคื” ืขื•ื“ ืžืื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื”.

ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœ ืืœืคื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉื ืžืœื˜ื• ืžืชื ืื™ ืžืฆื•ืงื”, ืจืขื‘, ื•ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืžื•ืœื“ืชื. ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื ืขืช ืžื”ื ืงื™ื•ื ืื ื•ืฉื™, ื“ื—ืคื” ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื–ื ื—ื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืจื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ื.

ืœืคื™ "ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืกืชื ื ื•ืช", ืฉืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ื’ืจืกื” ืžืจื•ื›ื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืื‘ืง ืฉืœ ื—ื“"ืฉ ื ื’ื“ื• ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”-18, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืžืขืฆืจ ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืœืœื ืžืฉืคื˜, ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืœืœื ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืคื ื™ื. ื–ืืช ืœืขื•ืžืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืขืฆืจ ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžืืœื™ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื”ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ 18 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.

ื›ืœื™ืืช ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื”ืฉืงืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ื ืงืœื˜ื•. ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช. ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื“ืœืช ื”ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืชื•ืš ื’ืจื™ืคืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ืขื ืง ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ โ€“ ืชืคืชื— ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื” ืœืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื›ืืŸ.

ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ืžืœืื” ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื: http://hadash.org.il/pdf/hadash-plitim-shkhunot.pdf

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ืœืžืคื ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืขืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—:

    ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”ื; ื”ืงืžืช ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืขื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉืจื”;
    ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืคื™ืกื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื”; ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉื›ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื”; ื”ืงืฆืืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ื ืžื•ืš ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืขื•ื˜ื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื;
    ื›ื“ื™ ืฉ ืชื”ื™ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื™ืช, ื™ืฉืชืœื‘ื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื”ืขื“ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืืชื ื™ืช; ื™ื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืžืงื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืคืจื›ืช ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช;
    ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชื™ื–ื•ื ื•ืชืงื“ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื’ื ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ืžืงืœื˜ ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”;
    ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชื’ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืฉืžืขื’ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ โ€“ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืœื—ืกืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืฉืœื”ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืจืื•ื™; ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื•ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืจื™ืืœื™ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื–ื›ืื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืœื“ื™ืจื” ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ;
    ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืช"ื-ื™ืคื• ืื™ื ื” ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืคืฆื•ืช ืืช ืืœื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™-ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™, ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ืคื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื ื‘ืœื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื™ื. ืžืคื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืฆืื• ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืŸ ืœื™ืœื” ืœืœื ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’. ื—ื“"ืฉ  ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”-19 ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” (ื‘ื” ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”-18) ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื (ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื), ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื ืœืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ื–ืงืชื.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื

ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช (ืื—ื™ื•ืช, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช, ืžื•ืจื•ืช) ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืคืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช.

ื”ื”ืชืงืคื” ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื•ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื”, ื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืชืงืคื” ื–ื• ื”ื—ืจื™ืคื” ืืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ื”ืŸ. ื”ืชืงืคื” ื–ื• ื ื•ืกืคื” ืœืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉืžืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ.

ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ื•ืช; ืจื•ื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ; ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื•ืœืžื˜ื” ืžื–ื”; ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช. ื”ื ืฉื™ื  ืกื‘ืœื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžืขืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.

ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืื•-ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช ืฉืžื ื”ืœืช ืžืžืฉืœืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•-ืœื™ื‘ืจืžืŸ, ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ืื•ืชืŸ, ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ -ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช, ื›ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื›ืื™ืžื”ื•ืช.

ืžืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉืœืœืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• 60% ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช (ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช) ืžื•ืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ื•ืช. ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื”ื—ืœืงื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื” ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื›ืžื• ืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ื ืืœืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ืื• ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื™ืฉืจื”. ืžื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืืคืœื™ื” ืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžื”ื’ืจื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืกื—ืจ ืื“ื.

ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื ื ืื›ืคื™ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืคื˜ืจื™ื ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื.

ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื ืฉื™ื  ื”ืŸ ื ืคื’ืขื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ืืš ืจืง ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืžืขื ื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืŸ ืœืฆืืช ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ืœื”ืฉืชืงื, ื•ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื™, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืงื™ื“ืžื” ื•ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื ื’ื–ืจื™ื ืžืกื“ืจ-ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืคืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™-ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืฆืขื”: ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืœ-14 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ื”ืขื‘ืจื ื• ื—ื•ืง ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื’ืžืœืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืžืงืœื˜ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช, ื•ืžืขื ืง ื”ืกืชื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืืชืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงืœื˜. ื”ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื–ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ื–ืžื ื• ื•ืื•ืฉืจ, ื’ื ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจื” ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื–ื›ืื™ืช ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื“ืžื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.

ื—ื“"ืฉ  ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืœืง ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืืคืœื™ื”, ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืชื ืื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื ืื•ืชื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช  ืœืื™ืžื”ื•ืช ื•ืœืื‘ื•ืช, ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“/ืช, ืœืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื’ืžื™ืฉื” ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“/ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ/ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ื.

ื ื™ืื‘ืง ืœื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื•ืช, ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืœืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช. ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช  ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืฉื•ืง  ื•ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช  ื›ืื—ืช, ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœืงืฆืฅ ื‘ื“ืžื™ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื”.

ื ื™ืื‘ืง ืœืฉืคืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“, ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืœืžื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื . ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช, ืœื”ืงื™ื ืงืจืŸ ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื— ื•ื‘ื“ืžื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื”ืขืกืงื” ืงื‘ืœื ื™ืช ืœื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™, ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข , ื•ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช.

ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื• ื”ื™ืจื•ืง ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื ื’ื“ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื–ื” ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ืจืง ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ืขืžื™ื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื, ื‘ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ื“ืจื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ.

ื ืคืขืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ื“ืจืชื ืฉื™ื, ื”ืฉืชืงืช ืงื•ืœืŸ ืื• ืžื—ื™ืงืช ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช.

ืกื™ืขืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉื™ื–ืžื” ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื˜ืจื ืžืœืื• ืœื”ื 18; ื—ื•ืง ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืœ-16 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช;ื—ื•ืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”; ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงืฆื‘ื” ืื—ืช; ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 3.

ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ:

    ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืืžื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื;
    ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืžืชืงื ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืžืืคืœื™ื” ืื• ืžืชืช-ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’;
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช; ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืคืœ ืžืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืืœื” ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื•ื—-ืื“ื; ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ื ื”ื’ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื ื’ื ื‘ืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ื, ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ 20% ืžืฉื›ืจื•/ื”; ื”ื›ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœื”ื—ื–ืงืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืžื˜ืคืœืช;
    ืื›ื™ืคืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื—ื•ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืง ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“; ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื; ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ื”ื•ืจื” ืื—ื“;
    ืื›ื™ืคื” ื ืžืจืฆืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช, ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื•ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”; ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืœื ืฉื™ื, ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ, ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืกืข ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”; ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชืคืฉืจ ื ื’ื“ ืจืฆื— ื ืฉื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืคืกื•ืœื” ืฉืœ "ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”", ื ื’ื“ ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื ื’ื“ ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”;
    ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ ื•ื‘ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื—ื“"ืฉ; ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืžืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช;
    ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆืืชื ืืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืžืงื‘ืขื™ื ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ื ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืชื›ื ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื˜ืคื—ื™ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™

ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื’ืจืžื” ืœื”ืจืก ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื” ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื. ื—ืœืงื• ื ื’ืจื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”"ืคื™ืชื•ื—" ืฉืคื•ืจืฉื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ โ€“ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืœื›ืจื™ืฉื™ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•, ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•. ื”ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ื•ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืœืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขืช.

ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžืื‘ืงื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช, ื ื’ื“ ื”ืจืก ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ , ื ื’ื“ ื”ืจืก ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื ื’ื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื™ื–ืžื” ื•ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื—ื“"ืฉ ืฉื•ืจื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื โ€“ ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”: ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื–ื”ื ืžืฉืœื, ื—ื•ืง ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื ืงื™, ื—ื•ืง ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช, ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช โ€“ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชืงื ืช ืื‘ื™ื–ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ืžืคืจืฅ ืื™ืœืช, ื—ื•ืง ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื, ื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ื, ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื—ื•ืง ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืืจื ื•ื ื” ืœื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื—ื•ืง ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ืคืกื•ืœืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื›ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—"ื› ื“ื‘ ื—ื ื™ืŸ ื•ืื•ืžืฅ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.

ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ืื™ื ื• ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื’ื•ืจืœ, ืืœื ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” โ€“ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื, ืฉืœ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช , ื•ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ. ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื ืฆืœื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ืœื”ืœืื™ื ืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื–, ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ื•ื”ื ืคื˜, ืฉืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื”ืคืงืชื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื ื•.

ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ื™ืงืจื•ืช, ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื—ื–ืง ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช. ืชื—ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืฉืžืงื“ืžืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™, ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื ืฆืคื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืขืกืงื™ื, ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื•ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื–ื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”; ืขืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืžื“ืจื›ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืงื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืจื’ 1,500 ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื”. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืœืจื›ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ืชื™ืื‘ืง ื•ืชื™ื–ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

    ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™. ืคืขื•ืœื” ืชืงื™ืคื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ืจืก ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™. ื”ื’ื ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื;
    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื ื“ืœ"ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื•ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื ื™. ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™  ืœื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื; ื”ืขืžื“ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื;
    ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืžืคื’ืขื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื. ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื—ืžืจืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื; ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคื” ืชืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื; ื”ื˜ืœืช ืžืœื•ื ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขืงืจื•ืŸ "ื”ืžื–ื”ื ืžืฉืœื"; ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืคืขืœื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”; ื”ืขืžื“ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ; ื”ื—ืžืจืช ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื;
    ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืคื’ืขื™ื ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื; ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื; ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื ืงื™ื™ื” ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืฉืžืฉ ื•ืจื•ื—; ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ืžื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืื—ืจ;
    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื : ื”ืงืžืชื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ื—ื™, ืืฉืจ ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืคื•ืคื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”; ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฆื‘ืช ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืœืชื ืื™ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืงื™ื;
    ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื, ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื•ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืœืกื™ืœื•ืง ืคืกื•ืœืช ื•ืœื˜ื™ื”ื•ืจ ืฉืคื›ื™ื;
    ืžืชืŸ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื; ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื; ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื” ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืชื”; ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืกื™ืœืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช; ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื; ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ "ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฆื” " ื•ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื, ืฉื”ื ืืกื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™; ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื;
    ื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื›ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™;
    ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช: ืงืจืงืขื•ืช, ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื”ืกืคืงืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืง ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”;
    ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืงืžืช ืื ื˜ื ื•ืช ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ืชื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ืœื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ืœื’ื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื;
    ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืจืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฆื‘ื ืžื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช; ื”ื›ืคืคืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื.

ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืœื” ^

ืœื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช

 ื ืžื ื™ืช ืขื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื—ืชื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืืžื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคืฆืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื  ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื—-ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคืชื—ืช ื•ื”ืื•ื’ืจืช ื ืฉืง ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื. ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื ืฉืง ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ืื™ื ื” ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ืืœื ืœื”ื™ืคืš โ€“ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืช ืืช ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ื—ื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืฉื‘ื” ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช. ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื ืชื ื™ื”ื• ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœืžืชืงืคื” ืขืœ ืื™ืจืŸ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืช ื™ื“ ืœืคื™ืจื•ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช.

ื—ื“"ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”, ืฉืžืื– ื”ืงืžืชื” ื‘-1977 ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ืœื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช , ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืื—ื“ ืžืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ืžืฆืข ืฉืœื”.

ื—ื“"ืฉ, ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”, ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ:

    ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—, ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช;
    ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ื—ื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ ื•ื”ืœื-ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™;
    ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช  ืœืืžื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืื™-ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ "ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ืช" ื”ื™ืช; ื—ืชื™ืžืช  ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ื—ื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืงื“ืžื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื ืฉืง, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžื ื” ื”ืื•ืกืจืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืื“ื;
    ืคื™ืจื•ื– ื”ืžื–ืจื—-ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืื’ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื›ืœ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช: ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™, ื›ื™ืžื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™;
    ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืฉืœื”, ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื ืฉืง ืž; ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ ืงืจืงืข ื•ืงืจื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืชืงืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช.


ืืจืฅ ื—ื“ืฉื” - ืžื™ ืื ื—ื ื•
ื“ืช  ื—ื™ื ื•ืš   ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื     ืืœื™ืžื•ืช  ืชืจื‘ื•ืช   ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช  ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื•
ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”  ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื   ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื”     ื“ื™ื•ืจ
ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœ    ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช    ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
    ื ืฉื™ื    ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”    ืื™ - ื”ืคืœืœื”  

ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื—ืœืฃ

ื—ื ืœื›ื? ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืกืชื™ื•. ื•ืจืฆื•ื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ, ืชื•ื“ื”.
ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื—ืœืฃ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ื™ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื’ื‘. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื—ืื”? ื•ืื™ื ื ื” ืขื•ื“. ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื™ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืื•ื”ืœื™ื ื ื•ืชืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื. ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืจื”, ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ? ืœืืŸ ื”ืชืื™ื™ื“ื• ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืคื• ืืช ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”? ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืข ืฉืœื”ื. ืžืฉืžืืœ, ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ. ื“ืชื™ื™ื. ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืขืจื‘ื™ื. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืœืฉื ืื”. ืœืงื˜ื˜ื”. ืœื”ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ. ื•ืืœ ืชืคืจื™ืขื™ ืœื™ ื•ืชื ื™ ืœื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื. ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืœืขืงื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ.

ื”ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื”ืœืš. ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื—ื“ ื›ืืŸ. ืœืงื™ืฅ ืื—ื“ ื”ืืžื ื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืืœ. ืื– ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉื•ื™ืชืจื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืžื”ืจ?

 
ื”ืจืฆืœ ืืžืจ

ืื™ื–ื” ืžื–ืœ ืฉื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘ ื”ืจืฆืœ ื”ืจืฆืœ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืžืื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช-ืงื•ื“ืžืช. ืื– ื’ื ืžืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื.
ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื”. ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืจื•ื“. ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืžื™ ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ืœื•ื, ื›ืฉืคื” ืคื”-ื—ื“ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื?  ื”ืจื™ ืื™ืจืืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ื—ืžืืกื˜ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื, ืกื•ื“ืืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ, ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ืข ื ื”ืคื•ืš ืœืคื•ืฉื˜ื™ ืจื’ืœ ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ. ืืžืืœ'ื”.

ืคืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœื™ื? ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื” ? ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ื•ื“ื•ืช? ืžืชื™ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื—ืœืžื ื• ืœื—ืœื•ื? ืœืฉื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื–ืจื? ืœืฆืขื•ื“ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ? ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื›ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืจืื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ื•ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ? ืžืชื™ ื ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื’ื“ืœ ื–ืงืŸ ื•ืœืฉื—ืง ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืฆืœ ืืžืจ?
ื›ืฉื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืจืขื“

ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื—ื•ืœืžื™ื. ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื ื•ืŸ-ืกื˜ื•ืค ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื ืคืกื™ืง ืœืจืขื•ื“ ืžืคื—ื“. ืขื, ื ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ: ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ. ืžื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ? ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืื– ืื™ืš ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜? ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช. ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืชืื™ื ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ืคืจืื™ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืชืืจ. ืื ื—ื ื•, ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืœื. ืื– ืคื” ืคื•ืชื—ื” ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช. ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืขื ืฉืœื, ืฉืžืžื™ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื“ืื’ื”, ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื›ื” ื˜ื•ื‘-ื˜ื•ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ ืชืžื™ื“ื™.

ืœืžื”? ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ. ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืขื ืœื ื™ื ื’'ืก. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืขื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื•ืœื. ื›ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื–ื™ื, ืœื ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจืฆืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื. ื›ืฉืœื ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจืฆืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื”ืžื™ื ืœื ื–ื–ื™ื.

ืื‘ืœ ืžืžื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ? ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื–ื–. ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื• ืกื›ื ื” ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช. ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœืขื•ื“ ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื. ืœืงืจื™ืกื”. ืœืกื•ืฃ. ืคืขื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื—ืžืืกื™ื. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืœื›ื•ืœื. ืฉืœืฉื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืกื•ื“ืื ื™ื. ืืชืžื•ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืื™ืจืื ื™ื. ื•ืžื—ืจืชื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื•ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื’ืžืจ? ื›ืš ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื... ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื”.
ืื™ืš ื ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื›ืืœื”, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื•ื”ืœื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื–ื–?

ืœืžื” ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื? ืื ื—ื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืกื˜ืจืก ืชืžื™ื“ื™. ื•ื›ืฉืœื—ื•ืฆื™ื, ืžื‘ื•ื”ืœื™ื. ื•ื›ืฉืžื‘ื•ื”ืœื™ื, ืžืชื’ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืจ. ื›ืš ืคื™ืชื— ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืืฆืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื”ื™ืช ืฉื ืงืจืืช ืฉื ืื”. ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื ืฉืžืืœ. ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื•ื ืืช ื“ืชื™ื™ื”. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื ื ืขืจื‘ื™. ืœื‘ื ื” ืฉื•ื ืืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื”. ื“ืจื•ื ืฉื•ื ื ืฆืคื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ืืช  ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืœื ื ื”ื™ื” ืคื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืื—ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.

ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื-ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื. ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื-ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื. ืื™ืฉ ืืช ืื—ื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืœืขื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื”. ืžื–ืœืœืช ืื—ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉืœื™ืง ืขืœ-ื”ื›ื™ืคืืง. ื•ื—ืžื•ืฆื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™-ื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ื›ืš, ืœื ื ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœืจื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘, ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืฉื”ืžื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื, ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜ ืœืœื ืžื™ืฆืจื™ื. ื•ืžื” ื ืฉืืจ ืžื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื? ื–ืงืŸ.
ืื– ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื?

ืืคืฉืจ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืจื•ืฅ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ ื–ืจ. ืืคืฉืจ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ. ื‘ื˜ื— ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื—ืจื‘ื ื. ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืฉ ืคืจื•ื–ืืง? ืฆื™ืคืจืœืงืก? ื“"ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'? ืžื™ ืืžืจ ืื ื™ ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ? ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื‘ ื›ืžื• ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื”ื•ื. ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื”ื•ื? ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื? ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื”ื•ื? ื”ื”ื•ื? ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื—ื“? ื›ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืฉืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื•ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื”ืžืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ? ืฉื”ื—ืฆืจื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืœื”ื ื ื’ื“ื ื•? ืื™ื–ื” ืงื™ืฅ. ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืคื—ื“ ื•ืจืขื“. ืจืขื“ ื•ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื.
ื•ื›ืฉืจื•ื˜ืฉื™ืœื“ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ

ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžืื”ืœื™ ืžื—ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื‘ืฉื“ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื˜ืฉื™ืœื“, ื—ื˜ืคื ื• ื›ืืคื”. ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื ื™ื—ื“ ื—ื•ื‘ืฉื™ ื›ื™ืคื•ืช ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ืžืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืžื™ืคื•, ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžื™ืจื•ื—ื ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™. ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื”ื™ืจื” ืืœ ื”ืชื”ื•ื. ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื ื• ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•. ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืคื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ.

ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืื—ื“, ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื˜, ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืชืงื•ื•ื”. ืฉืžื ื• ืœื‘ ืคืชืื•ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืื—ื“ ืงืžื” ืœื” ืจืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื—ื“. ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื™ืจื“ ื”ืืกื™ืžื•ืŸ, ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืคืขื ื ืจืื” ืœื• ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื—ื•ื‘ืฉ ื”ื›ื™ืคื” ื™ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ื™ืกื›ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ืœื ืชืชื ื’ื“ ืฉ ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื•ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื ื™ืชื ื’ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื” ืกื•ืคืกื•ืค ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘: ื”ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ื™ืงืœื˜ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ืขืžื™ื. ืื ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชื”ื™ื” ืคื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื‘ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืจื•ื—ื, ื”ื‘ื•ืขื” ืชืชืคื•ืฆืฅ.

ืขื“ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืกืชื™ื•, ื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื•, ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“. ื”ืกืชื‘ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆืจื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžืขื’ืœ ืขื ืง. ื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืคื•ืœื’ื™ื. ื•ืžืคื•ืฆืœื™ื. ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืžืขื˜ื™ื.

ื”ื‘ื ื•, ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช. ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื“ ื”ื’ืฉื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจื ื• ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืืคืฉืจื ื• ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื“. ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืœื‘ ืฉืœื ื•. ื•ืœื—ืœื•ื ืœื’ื•ื–.
ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ

ืžื™ื”ื• ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ? ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืืจื™ื–ื”. ื›ืฉืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืืจื™ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื ื™ ืืฉื ื” ืืช , ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืืจื™ื–ื”. ืœืžื” ืฉื ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืืจื™ื–ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืืจื™ื–ื”...? ื—ืœืืก. ืงืœื˜ื ื•. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื—ืœื•ื. ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื—ื–ื•ืŸ. ื–ื• ืืžืช ืฆืจื•ืคื” ืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—. ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ. ืืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ. ืœื ื’ืจื•ืฉ ืคื—ื•ืช.

ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื” ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ื•ืื‘. ืขืœื™ื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืืจื™ื–ื” ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ. ืœืžื” ืœื”ื? ื‘ืžื™ืœื ื”ื ืฉื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื‘ืจื• ื•ืืช ื”ืคืจืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืคืจืคืจื•, ื“ืงื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื“ื‘ืงื• ืœื›ื™ืกื. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืžืฉื, ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช, ื•ื”ืงื•ืคื” ืจื™ืงื”, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืœื”-ื‘ืœื”-ื‘ืœื”-ื‘ืœื”.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช , ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืคื ื” ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืงื“ืžืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืœื• ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืื•, ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืกืื•. ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•. ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืืœื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืฆืจ. ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื’ืจื. ื’ื ืื ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื’ื ืื ืœื ืชื›ื ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฆื. ื•ืืช ืžื” ืฉื™ืฆื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“.

ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—, ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœื•ื. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ืงืœืคื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ืœื›ื•ืœื. ื’ื ืœืืœื” ืฉืคืจืฆื•ืคื ืฉื—ื•ืจ. ื’ื ืœืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœ ืชืœืื‘ื™ื‘. ื’ื ืœืžื™ ืฉืขืœื” ืœืืจืฅ ืฉื ื™ ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™. ื’ื ืœืขืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืœื›ื• ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื. ื’ื ืœื–ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื›ืืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื. ืœืžื”? ื›ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื—-ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘.

 ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”. ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื. ืœื”ืขื ืงืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื. ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ืงืกื˜ื•ืช. ืœื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื”. ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™? ื–ื” ื’ื ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืœื”ืจืฆืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืื” ืฉื ื”. ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”? ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื™ื•ื“ืข. ืื ืชืจืฆื•, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืื’ื“ื”.
ืื ืœืกื‘ืชื ื”ื™ื• ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื

ืื– ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื? ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื•? ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื•? ื—ืœื•ื ืžืžืฉ? ื›ืŸ. ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืœื? ืœื ืžื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ืœื ืžื” ืžืกื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืงืจื™ื ืœื ืžื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžืจื•ื— ื•ืœื”ืขืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก.

ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืืžืช. ืžื”ื ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืžื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•. ืžื”ื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช. ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืง ืฉื™ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืžืกื•ื‘ืš? ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื—.

ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื’ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื? ื™ืฉ ื™ ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฆืœื? ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ืคื ื™ืžื” ืฉื‘ืœื™ ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืœืฉืจื•ื“? ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”? ื™ืฉ. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื”. ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื™ืžื™ื ื” ื•ืฉืžืืœื”, ืชื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืืœื” ืฉืœื. ืชื’ืœื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื ืฉื›ื—ืชื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืจื•ื‘. ืื– ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื›ื™ื? ืœืงื™ืฅ ื”ื‘ื? ืœืžื—ืื” "ืฉืชืชื—ื“ืฉ"?
ืœื ืคืฅ ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืขื”

ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื•? ืื•ืœื™ ื ืฉืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•: ื ื ื™ื— ืฉื—ื™ื™ื–ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื—ืช ื›ืืŸ. ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืื”? ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื. ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ืขืžื™ื. ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืฉ ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™, ื™ืฉ ื—ืฆืจ ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื–ื ื—ืช, ืžื—ืกืŸ ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื• ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. ืฉ ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื™.

ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืงืกื˜ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•. ืขืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช, ืคืœื•ืก-ืžื™ื ื•ืก, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืŸ, ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ. ื‘ืขืฆื, ื’ื ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื. ื”ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืขื•ื“. ื•ืœืฉืืจ? ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื. ืฉ ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืžืกื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืคืจื ืกืชื, ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื•, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืก, ื•ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืื™ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื•ืœื” ืื• ืื™ื™ ืžืืŸ, ืื• ืงื™ื™ืžืŸ. ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืื™ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืื™ ืคืขื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื•, ื›ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืื‘ื ื•ืื™ืžื.

ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืฉืœืš ื”ื™ื ื—ืœื•ื. ืฉ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜. ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฆืœื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื™ื™ื–ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื—ืช ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘? ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืจื’ืฉ. ืื ื”ืจืฆืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืš ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉ ืชืจืื”. ืฉืœื›ืš ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ. ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื–ื”. ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื—ืœื. ืฉืื ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื›ืš ืชืจืื” , ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืื’ื“ื”. ืœื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื? ืชืงืจืื• ืืช ืืœื˜ื ื•ื™ืœื ื“ ืฉื•ื‘.

ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื•ืขื” ื•ืœื ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœื ื™ืช ืœืฉื•ื ื”. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืžื—ื‘ืงืช ืืช ื”ื’ืจ. ืฉืžืงื‘ืœืช ืืช ื”ื–ืจ. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื–ื›ืื™ื ื›ื•ืœื. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ืจื•ืฉื ืขืœ ืื™ืฉ. ื•ืกื•ืคืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืฆื™ื™ืจืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื›ืŸ. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืžืื–ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื™ืจืช ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื—ื ื” ืืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืชื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœื“ื’ืœ ืžืฆืขื“ ื”ื’ืื•ื•ื”. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืžื—ืœืงืช ืžืจืง ื—ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืงืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืจืขื‘. ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืคื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืื™ืคื” ? ืื™ืš ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœ? ืฆืจื™ืš Waze. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื” ื•ื”ืขื™ืจื” ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœืžื”. ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื”, ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื ืคืฅ ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืขื” ื•ืœืฉื›ืคืœ ืืช ื”ืงืกื ืฉืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ . ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฆืœ ื™ืชืžืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื”, ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื”.

ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื™ืจืงื•ืŸ ืชื’ื“ืœ ืœ ื›ื•ืœื”, ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ื•ืืช ื›ื™ืกื”. ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช. ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื•ื ื•ืœื”ืกืชืขืจ. ื›ื™ ืื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื›ื•ืœื, ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืืฃ ืื—ื“. ื•ื—ืืœืก ืขืœ .
ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืกืช

ืื– ืื™ืš ืžื ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ื•ืขื”?  ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื• ื’'ืจื–ื™. ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื ื™ื• ื’'ืจื–ื™, ืงืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง. ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืœื—, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ืœื‘ืœื•ืช. ืื™ืš ื–ื”? ื›ื™ ื ื™ื• ื’'ืจื–ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ืคืจื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง. ืฉืžืขืชื ืคืขื ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืงืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื•ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘? ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื. ื›ื™ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื”ื™ื ืœื ืคืจื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืฆืจ ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช. "ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”", ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœื™ื? ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื•. ืœื ื ื•ืจื. ื ื ืกื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืขื.

ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ืขืฆื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืจื›ื– ื•ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื. ืื– ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉ, ื‘ื—ืœืงืช ืื“ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื˜ื ื”, ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืคืœื•ืก ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื™ืฉ ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื? ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื™ืจื•ื—ื ืื™ืŸ ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ืœื ื™ื• ื’'ืจื–ื™.

ื•ืœืžื” ื–ื”? ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื. ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืจื—ืง. ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืœื ืžืืคืฉืจืช. ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืฉื•ื ื™ ืžืขืžื“ื™, ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™. ื›ื›ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื ื•ื ืืช " ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘", ื•ื›ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื— ืœืฉืœื•ื˜. ื”ืคืจื“ ื•ืžืฉื•ืœ. ืฉื ื ื•ื ืชืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ื›ื™ืกื.

ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”  ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฆืื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช. ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื. ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”  ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ. ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ. 64 ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœื›ืกื. ื•ืœื›ื•ื—. ื•ืœืขื•ืฉืจ. ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.ื”ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืขื™ืชื•ืŸ, ืœืžืœื•ืš. ืœื›ืŸ, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืื™ืจืืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืื”ื•ื‘ืชื™, ื”ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ. ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ. ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืชื—ื™ืœื”. ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื. ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื”, ืžืœื›ื”.
ืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ?

ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช, ื™ื•ื ื™ืช. ืจืง ืฉืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœื• ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื”, ื›ื™ ืืœื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืžืคื ื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ. ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื•ืงื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืก. ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืžืฉื‘ืจ. ืœื›ืŸ, ืฆื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืžืชืžื™ื“: ืงืžื™ื ื•ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ  ื›ื•ืœื”. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ื•ืžื™ื“. ื”ืฉืชื’ืขื ื• ืœืชืช ืœืคื—ื“ ื•ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืœื ืฆื—?
ืื– ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื›ื?

ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืงื•ื‘ืข. ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืฉื™ื—ื”. ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืฉืจืื”. ืื ืชืกืคืจื• ืœื ื• ืžื” ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื›ื, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืกื— ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื—ืœื•ื ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.  ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื. ืื– ื”ื ื”, ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืกื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืœืžื™ื.

    ื“ืช - ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช. ื•ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ืžื”ื“ืช. ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ื•ืžื™. ื”ื™ื ืชื ืงื” ืืช ื”ื“ืช ืžืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”. ื•ืชื ืงื” ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ืžื”ื“ืช. ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืจื• ื›ืžื• ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืจืคื•ืจืžื™. ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื ืกืจื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ื•ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžื™ืŸ. ื›ื•ืœืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืฉื›ื ืชื. ืื™ืŸ ืืคืœื™ื”. ื”ื’ืœื™ื”. ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™. ื•ืฉื™ืกื•ื™. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืขื ืื—ื“. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื‘ ืื—ื“. ื•ื”ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืชืื. ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ื–ืจืžื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื’ืŸ ื“ื•ื“. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื˜ืœืื™ ืฆื”ื•ื‘. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ ืื• ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืœืฉื•ืื”. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ืงืžื ื• ืืช . ื›ืœ ื’ื™ื•ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืจ ื›ื’ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื™ื™ืฉื‘ืข ืืžื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื. ื•ื•ืœืงืื ื˜ื• ืื™ื–ืจืืœ. ืจืง ืชื’ื™ืขื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื›ื.
    ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื - ื‘ืœื™ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช? ื”ืคื•ืš, ื’ื•ื˜ื”. ื”ืคื•ืš: ื‘ืœื™ ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื ืืžื ื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืื—ื•ื•ื”, ื”ื›ืจื”, ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ, ื—ืžืœื” ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ืื™ืŸ "ืขืจื‘ื™ ื™", ื™ืฉ ื™. ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื–ื›ืื™ ืœืขืจื™ื ืžืฉืœื•, ืฉื™ื™ื‘ื ื• ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืชืืจ ืฉืœ . ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ืžืืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืื–ืจื— ืžืจื•ืฆื” ื”ื•ื ืื–ืจื— ื ืืžืŸ. ืื–ืจื— ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื•ื ืื–ืจื— ืฉื•ืžืจ ื—ื•ืง. ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืฉืœ  ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืฉืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืงื•ืืœื™ืฆื™ื” ื™ืฉื•ืชืคื• ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืœืขื‘ื™ืจืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช. ืžื™ ืฉื™ื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช - ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ, ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ - ื™ื™ืขื ืฉ ื‘ืžืืกืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืฉืชืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื–ืขืŸ  ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื. ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“, ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช  ืื• ื”ื ืกื—ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืกื”, ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื. ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืง ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื“ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื™. ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืชื™ืœืžื“ ืžื›ื™ืชื” ื' ืœืฆื“ ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช. ืœืฆื“ ื‘ื™ืืœื™ืง ื•ื“ื•ืกื˜ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืกืงื™ ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื’ื ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ื•ืžื—ืคื•ื– ืœื‘ื’ืจื•ืช.  ืชื“ืื’ ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืขืจื•ืฅ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ื•ืชื ืคื™ืง ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืจื“ื™ื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ื—ื’ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืื•ืžื™. ื›ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื,  ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื•ื—ื–ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
    ืฆื”"ืœ - ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœ ื™ื—ื•ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืœื™ืช, "ื”ืงืจื‘ื™ื•ืช", ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ. ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ืขื™ืœื™ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืžื™ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื•ืœืืŸ ื•ืœื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ. ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื”. ื’ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื•ื™ืก ืื• ื”ืžื’ื•ื™ืกืช. ื•ื™ืขืœื” ื›ืกืฃ. ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ. ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืœื™ืช, "ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืงืจื‘ื™", ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ืืš ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื—ืชื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-5 ืฉื ื™ื. ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื™ื–ื›ื• ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“. ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืœื™ืช ื™ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืชื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืชื•ืจ ืœืžืฉื›ื ืชื ื•ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ืœืžืช, ืฉืชืฉืงืฃ ื”ื›ืจืช ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช "ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ", ื™ืงื•ืฆืฅ ื‘-20 ืื—ื•ื–. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื”ืคื›ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ื•ื‘ืคื ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื”, ืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ . ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื›ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”, ืœื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื—ื•ืช ืื• ืžื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื’ื™ืœ ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขื ืงื™ื ืœืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื™ื•ืคืกืงื•.
    ื—ื™ื ื•ืš - ืกืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืื—ื™ื“ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืชื—ืคื•ืฉืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืžืœื›ืชื™, ืขื ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืฉืืจ ื™ืจืงื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื™, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฉื ื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื. ื›ื•ืœืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื•ืกืคืจื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ . ื•ื–ื”ื•. ืื—ืจื™ ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ  ืœื ืžืชืงืฆื‘ืช ื›ืœื•ื. ืœื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืœื ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžืกื’ื“ื™ื. ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืชื•ืงืฆื‘ ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ื”. ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืงืฆื‘ื”. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช, ื”ืจื‘ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื. ื™ืœื“ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”. ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืงื•ื“ืžื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช. ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืืคืœื™ื” ืžืชืงื ืช. ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื•ืฉื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืกืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื, ืื—ื•ื•ื”, ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ, ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื”, ื—ืžืœื” ื•ื”ื›ืœื”. ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ืชื ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื’ื” ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื˜ืฆื™ื”. ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืœืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ื. ื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืืจื•ืš, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื’ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื›ื™ืชื” ื™"ื‘, ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช: ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ืคืชื—ื• ืž-7 ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืขื“ 7 ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืขื 2 ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืช, ื—ื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื•ืœืื™ืžื”ื•ืช ื•ืœืื‘ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
    ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช - ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœื”ื—ืœืžื” ืงืœื” ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื”. ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืžืขื•ืœื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืง ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื• ื•ืœืชืช ืœื• ืœื ืฉื•ื. ืฉืขื•ืช  ื™ืงื•ืฆืจื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœ 8 ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉื›ืจ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื•ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืง  ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ . ืชื™ื•ืฉื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืขื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ืžืฉื•ื“ืจื’ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื™ ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื–ืจ ื—ื•ืงื™. ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืื–ืจื— ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืื•ื—ื“ื• ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืื—ื“ ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ. ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื•ืจื—ื‘ ื’ื ืœืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืคืจื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื.
    ืืœื™ืžื•ืช - ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœ . ื”ืกืจื˜ืŸ ืฉืžืื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœื ื•. ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืืœื” ืฉืœ ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื. ื™ื•ืงื ืงื‘ื™ื ื˜ ืฉืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื. ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื’ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื, ื™ื™ืขืฆืจื• ืžื™ื“ ืขื“ ืชื•ื ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื. ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืขื•ื ืฉื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืœืžื•ืจืฉืขื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช. ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ืจืฉืข ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื’ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ, ื™ื™ืฉืคื˜ ืœืžืืกืจ ืืจื•ืš. ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืจื“ื• ืžื™ื“ ืžื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืžื™ืชื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืืกืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื—ื•ื‘ื”.
    ืชืจื‘ื•ืช - ื‘ืœื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืขื. ืกืชื ืขื.  ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืจืฉ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉื•ืคืขื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืฉื™ื•ืคืจื“ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืื•ื•ื ื’ืจื“ ืžืงื•ืžื™. ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ืžื•ืกื™ืงืื™ื, ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื, ืงื•ืœื ื•ืขื ื™ื, ื‘ืžืื™ื, ื›ื•ืจื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื ื•ืžื—ื–ืื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืจื ื˜ื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.  ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืคื” ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื•ืœื ื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื–ื›ื” ืœื ืชื— ืžื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื. ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืก ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช 15 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื• ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช. ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื. ื‘ืชืžืœื•ื’ื™ื. ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ื’ื“ืœ ืคื™ ืขืฉืจื”. ืžื•ื’ื–ื? ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
    ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื• - ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชืขืฉื” ื”ื›ืœ - ื•ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืœ, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ - ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ืขื ื”ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™. ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื™ื’ื™ืข, ื“ื•ืจ ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื’ ื”ืกื“ืจ. ืขื“ ืฉื”ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืฉื’, ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื™ืช ืชื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืข ืฉืœื”. ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืž, ื™ืกื•ืคื—. ืžื” ืฉืœื, ืœื. ืฉื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ื™ื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจืงื• ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ, ื™ืชืคืจืฉ ื”ืฆื‘ื. ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื’ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื™.
    ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื” - ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชืืžืฅ ืืช ื“ื•"ื— ื˜ืจื›ื˜ื ื‘ืจื’ ื•ืืช ื“ื•"ื— ืกืคื™ื‘ืง-ื™ื•ื ื”, ื‘ืžืœื•ืื. ื™ื•ื ื”, ืกืคื™ื‘ืง ื•ื˜ืจื›ื˜ื ื‘ืจื’ ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ื›ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ืฉืจื™ื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืœืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช : ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ืขืœื” ืœ-8,000 ืฉืงืœ. ืชื™ื ืงื˜ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื ื’ื“ ืžืคื™ืจื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืกืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืœืœื ืžื™ืกื™ื ืขืงื™ืคื™ื (ืžืข"ืž). ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ื™ื•ืกืคื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืžืก ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ืžืก ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืขืœื” ืœืจืžืชื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”-oecd . ื™ื•ื˜ืœ ืžืก ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื•ืžืก ืžืชื ื”. ืชื•ื ื”ื’ ืฉื•ืžืช ืžืก ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• ืชื›ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื (ื‘ืžืกื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ืžืก ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืžืก ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืจื ืง). ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืœื ืžืก ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืฉื›ืจื•, ื•ืžื™ ืฉื—ื™ ื›ืžื• ื˜ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉืœื ืžืก ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉ, ืจืง ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืžืก ืžืžื•ืœื—. ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ื‘ื“ืžื™ ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืœืžืฉืš ืฉื ื”, ืืš ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช 8,000 ืฉืงืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื›ืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื”. ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ื ืง  ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช 5 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืคืจื™ืฉืชื. ื™ื•ืงืžื• 100,000 ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžื—ื™ืจ, ืขืœ ืงืจืงืข ืฉ ืชืฉื•ื•ืง ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ืœืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ืœืฉื•ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืคื•ืงื— ื•ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื.
    ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช - ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืงืžื” ืืžื ื ืข"ื™ ื ืชื ื™ื”ื• ืืš ื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ื ืžื ืขื• ืžืœืชืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื™ืžื•ืกืžืกื• ืขื“ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ื”ืŸ. ืฆื“ื™ืง ืื—ื“ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” - ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืฆืจ. ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื—ื•ืžืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืœืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืงืงื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”: ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคื™ืจืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืจื˜ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ื™; ืจื™ืกื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™ื™ื ืข"ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื™ื—ืก ืžื™ื ื•ืฃ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืืฉืจืื™; ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืชืกืคื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืœื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™  (ื’ื–, ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื•ื›ื•').
    ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช - ืชืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื•ืชืื•ืจื’ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืืœื” ืฉืžื–ืœื ืœื ืฉืคืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืชื•ื’ื“ืจ ืœืจืฉืช: ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืœื” ืฉื ืคืœื•, ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ื•ืคืขื™ืœื™ื. ื™ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืœ"ืค ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืคืจื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ื—ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื ื• ืื• ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื— ืœื”ืฉืชืงื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช (ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืง, ืฉืœื™ืœืช ืจืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ืฆื• ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืขื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืชื•ืกื“ืจ ื“ืจืš  ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื” (ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ื”ื•ืฆืœ"ืค, ื“ื™ื•ืจ) ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืœื”ืงืœื” ื‘ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื›ืœืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—. ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืชืงื ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื•ืงืงื• ืœืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื’ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื“-ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช (ื™ื—ื™ื“ื ื™ื) ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช (ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช). ื™ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื–ืงื ื”, ื ื›ื™ื ื•ื“ืžื™ ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง. ื™ื•ืฉื•ื• ืชื ืื™ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ื ืœืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื.
    ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื - ืขืกืงื™ื ืืœื•, ื™ืฆื™ืจื™ ื›ืคื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื ื”ืžื ื•ืข ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืง ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื•ื›ืœ ืžืžืฉืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื–ืง ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื” ื•ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื•. ื›ืœืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืืœื• ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ืœื”ืงืฆื™ื‘ ืื—ื•ื– ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืคืง ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื.  ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื•ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื”.
    ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” - ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™. ื™ื•ืงื ืžืคืขืœ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ (ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœ "ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ื•ืจื•ืกื˜ืืจ"), ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ ื™ืจื•ื—ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืขื”. ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ืœื‘ืœื•ืช. ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ  ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืชื•ืงื ืžื ื”ืœืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื™ืช. ื”ืžื ื”ืœืช ืชืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ืชื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•. ืชืื•ืฉืจ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช.
    ื ืฉื™ื - ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืžืžืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืฉื™ืช. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื‘. ื”ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ. ื‘ืžืื” ื”-21 ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช: ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” (ื‘ื—ื•ืง). ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืฉื•ื•ื” (ื‘ื—ื•ืง). ื‘ื›ื ืกืช. ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช. ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื”. ื•ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ืœื™ื“ื” ืชื•ืืจืš ืœืฉื ื” ืื—ืช. ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืืคื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช. ืื– ื’ื ืœื ื• ืžื•ืชืจ.
    ื“ื™ื•ืจ -  ืชืงืฆื” ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื•ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžื—ื“ ื•ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืจ-ื”ืฉื’ื” ืžืื™ื“ืš (ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื: ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช). ื™ื•ืงื ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ื™ืฉื•ื ื• ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืœื ื”ืชื ื™ื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.
    ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” - ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฉื•ื“ืจื’ ื•ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื™ื•ืจื—ื‘ื•, ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ืชืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื” ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื (ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื•').  ืชืงืฆื” ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื•"ืค ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื”, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื•ืคื›ื” ืœืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช, ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ.

ืืคืฉืจ ืงืฆืช ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉืœืงื—ืชื?

ืื– ื–ื”ื•. ืฉืœื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืจืฆืœ ืœื ืขืฉื”. ืืœื˜ื ื•ื™ืœื ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื•, ืืœื˜ื ื•ื™ืœื ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื•. ื ืฉืžืข ื”ื–ื™ื”? ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื”. ืชืงืจืื• ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื—ื•ื–ื” , ื”ื•ื–ื” . ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื.

ื•ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืœื—ืœื•ื? ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืœื—ืœื•ื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืœื”ืชื‘ื›ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืœืงื˜ืจ ืื• ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ืŸ ืื• ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื›ืฉื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื™ืจื™ื‘ ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื–ืื‘ ืืœืงื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืœื˜ื™ื ืขืœ . ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ! ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ! ื–ื”ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื–ื”ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื”. ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื”. ื–ืžืŸ ืชื›ืœื™ืช.

ื–ื”ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื. ื‘ืœื™ ืคื—ื“ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืžื•ืจื. ื‘ืœื™ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื›ื—, ืฉืจืจื”, ื˜ื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืื• ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื ืœืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื•ืช ื›ื—ื•ืœื•ืช.
ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฆืืช ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฆืืช ืœืงืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื”ื•ื. ื–ื” ื”ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ืขืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™. ืžื“ืœืช ืœื“ืœืช. ืžืจื—ื•ื‘ ืœืจื—ื•ื‘. ื ืขื™ืจ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื•ืจืจืช ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื•ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจืช ื™ื”ืคื•ืš ืœื™ื•ื "ืื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืื•ืช" ื‘ืงืœืคื™, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”-19.

ืจืง ืื ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”-19 ื™ื”ื™ื• 60 ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืชื•ื“ืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืคื›ื”. 60 ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืชื•ื“ืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื™ื‘ืœืžื• ื‘ื’ื•ืคื ื—ื•ืงื™ื, ื™ื ืกื—ื• ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื™ื’ื ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื™ื—ื•ืฉื• ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืคืง ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื ื™ื“ืคืงื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืžื”, ืœื ืžื—ืื” ื•ืœื ื”ืคื’ื ื”. ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ ืคืจืฆื•ืคื” ืฉืœ , ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืžื” ื ื’ื“ ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ืจืข ืื™ืžื” ื•ืคื—ื“ ื•ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ื”ืฉืชื•ืœืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื.

ื”ืจืฆืœ ื”ื•ื ืื‘ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ื–ื• ืฉืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช. ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืืœ. ื ืื•ืจื” ื•ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ืช. ืฉืœื ืžืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉืช ืœื—ืœื•ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ื, ืืจืฅ ื—ื“ืฉื” ืชืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”-18 ืฉืžื›ื ื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื ืื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ, ืื—ื•ื•ื”, ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืฉืœื•ื. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืžืคืœื’ื” ืื—ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžื›ื•ืช.
ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช
ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื,
ืขื ื”ื™ื‘ื—ืจื™ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”, ื™ื–ืžื ื• ืžื”ืœืš ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ "ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช" ืฉืœ '' ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื—ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื•ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื” ื•ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” , ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืชื. ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœื• ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ื•ืคืชื•ื— ื”ืžืฉืชืฃ, ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจื›ื• ื•ืจื•ื—ื‘ื•, ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ 
ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ .
ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืขืจื›ื• ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉืžืขื• ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื• ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืงืŸ, ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ืžืŸ ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื”, ื‘ื—ื ื• ื•ืชื™ืงืคื• ืืช ืžืฆืข  ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ 
ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ , ื•ื”ื›ืœ- ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”.
ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืจื•ื›ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจื›ื–ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื- ืžื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื”, ืžื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื”, ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืขื ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™, ืืฉืจ ืชืจืžื•, ื‘ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช, ืžืžืจืฆื ื•ืžื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื”ื ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื”, ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืŸ ืœืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช
ื•ืืงื“ืžื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฉื ืขื•ืœืžื™.
ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืชื™ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืชื™ืื•ื, ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืชืืžืช ืชื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ ื”ื™, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชืŸ ื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืขื“ื•ืช, ื ื™ืชื ื• ื“ื’ืฉื™ื, ื•ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ืช ืžื”ื•ืขื“ื•ืช.
ื‘ืฉื™ืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื•ืฆื’ ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื•ืขื™ื“ืช  ืฉื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉื ื”, ื‘ื” ื ื›ื—ื• ืžืื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืขื• ื“ืขืชื, ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืชืืจื™ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจื”.
ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืžื•ื ื—ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื‘ืื™ ื”ื•ืขื™ื“ื”. ื”ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืืฉื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ, ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ื“ ืžื’ื‘ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ . ืื ื™ ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื›ื ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช, ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘, ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช   ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช- ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ืจื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ
ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”.
ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ืชืฆื™ื’ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ ืœืจื—ืฉื™ ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ . ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื ื™ื” ื•ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ  .
ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืจื"ืœ )ื‘ืžื™ืœ.( ืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืคื–
ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”
ืชื ื•ืขืช , ืจื—' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžื™ืœืก 1, ืคืชื—-ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื˜ืœ': 03-9788000 ืคืงืก: 03-9788022
www.kadima.org.il
ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™
ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ  ื•ืœืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืœื•ื›ื“ืช ื•ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื“ืช, ื’ื–ืข ื•ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช, ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื•ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืžืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืœ: ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื, ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ
ื‘ื ื˜ืœ, ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื.
ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“
.OECD1-ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘  ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื™, ืœืฆื“ ืงืจื™ืกืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืœื›ืœ ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืชื•ืš ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืกื›ื ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœืงื™ื•ืžื™ื ื• ื›ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื› ืจื•ื•ื—ื”.  ืจื•ืื” ืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ื”ื™ื—ืกื™  ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืฉื•ืง , ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื›ืจ ื•ืœื›ืœื›ืœ ืืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื•ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื”ื’ื™ืขื ืœื’ื™ืœ ืคืจื™ืฉื”.   ืชืฆื™ื‘ ืœืขืฆืžื” ื›ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ , ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื™ื•ืงืจ
ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื”.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ืœืฉื ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื”, ืชื™ื–ื•ื  ืฉื•ืจืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ืฆื™ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื ื˜ืœ ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ :
o ื”ื’ื“ืœืชื”ื”ื›ื ืกื”ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื” o ื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื•ื”ืขืžืงืชื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ o ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ืžืขืจืšื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื ื˜ืœ ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ื‘ื:
1. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ โ€“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœืช ืžืข"ืž ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉื›ื ืชื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืžืก. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืœืื™ืžื”ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืขื ืงืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœืื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื™ืกื™ ืงื ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื›ืกื™ื ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžื›ืกื™ ืžื’ืŸ
1 ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ 19.9% ืœืขื•ืžืช 11.1% ืžืžื•ืฆืข OECD. ื‘ืžื“ื“ ื–ื” ื ืžืฆืืช  ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ. ื’ื ืžื“ื“ ื’'ื™ื ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืจืื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืขื’ื•ืžื”, ืขื ืขืจืš ืฉืœ 0.37 ืฉื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”- OECD- ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžื“ื“ ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื” .(0.31) OECD
)ืชื•ืš ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ื”ื ืคื’ืขื™ื ืžื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™(. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืกื™ื )ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืก ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช(, ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืžืก ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืœืžืื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ.
2. ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืžื™ื ืœืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ืชื™ืช ื•ืœืžืขื•ื˜ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืžืข"ืž ืขืœ ืžื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ืคืกืง ื”ืฉืชืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™, ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ื‘ืœื• ืขืœ ืคื—ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ืฉืžืœ
ื•ื’ืœื’ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื–ืœื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™.
3. ืฆืจื›ื ื•ืช- - ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืคื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ืœื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืกืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืชื—ื›ื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื—ืงื™ืงืช "ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฆืจื›ื ื™" ืœืฉื
ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื—ืกืžื™ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื )ืชื•ืš ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ื”ื ืคื’ืขื™ื ืžื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™(.
4. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื›ื™ืคื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื“ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืงื™  ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
5. ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš- ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื’ื™ืœ 3, ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื’ื ื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ืข"ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ืฉืืœืช ืกืคืจื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
6. ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงืจืงืข.
7. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื›ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœืื—ื–ืงืช ืจื›ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™- ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ืช  ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืกืขืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื‘ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืชื, ื”ื•ื–ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื.
8. ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื-ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืืฉืจืื™ ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื—ืกืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื.
ื“ื™ื•ืจ
ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื—ื™ืจื•ืชื•. ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ื‘ื”ื›ืจื–ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื‘ืืžื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉ  ื—ืชื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืžืฆื•ืงืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘  ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ื”ืžื—ืื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ื›ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ืžืฆื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกื›ื ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœืžืจืงื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘  ื”ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืžื”ื›ื ืกืชื• ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื›ืกืคื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ื•ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื2. ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช, ื ืืžื“ ื›ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืกืš ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื›-65,000 ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืชื•ืœื“ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืกืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืฉืœื‘
ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ืœื’ืžืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื”3.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ื›ืœ ื–ื•ื’ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘  ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ืœืฉื ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื”, ืชื™ื–ื•ื  ืฉื•ืจืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ืฆื™ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื ื—ื™ื:
o ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ืฉืœืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”ื›ื•ืœืŸื‘ื™ื“ื™ืžืฉืจื“ืื—ื“. o ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืงืจืงืข- ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘- ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ
ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื”- ื‘ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš. o ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœืžืžื•ืงื“ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืชื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”ื”ืžืืžื™ืจื™ื.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš: 1. ื”ืงืžืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืื—ื“ ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘  ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืชื™ื•,
ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื•ื™ื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉื’ืชื. 2. ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ.
2 ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžืฉืชืงืคืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ืจื”. ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉื ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ืจืช 4 ื—ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช 2011 ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื 138 ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข )ื“ื™ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” 149 ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช, ื“ื™ืจื” ื™ื“ ืฉื ื™ื™ื” 133 ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช(2 ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2007 ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ืจื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืขืžื“ ืขืœ 99 ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2005 ื•ืขื“ ืืžืฆืข 2008 ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื. ืืœื ืฉืžืื– 2008 ืขืœื• ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื›-42% ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœื™ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืžืฉืจืช ืฉื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืง )ื›-62% ื•ื›-14%, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”(. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืžืื– 2005 ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืจื™ืืœื™
ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืžืฉืจืช ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœื ืขืœื” ื•ื ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘. 3 ื“ื•"ื— ื˜ืจื›ื˜ื ื‘ืจื’.
3.  ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ )ืจืื” "ื—ื•ืง ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืชื ื•ืช" ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™( ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื•.
4.  ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืžืงืจืงืขื™  ืฉืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช. 5.    ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฆืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืชื—ืžื™ ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช.
ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ:
1.  ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื•ืžืงืกื™ืžื•ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ .
2.  ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืœื˜ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื.
3.  ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืžื›ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ. 4. ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉื›ื ืชืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืขื“ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืก. 5.    ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืžืขื ืงื™ ืžืงื•ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”
ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ
ื—ื•ืกื ื” ื•ืขืฆืžืชื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ   ื ืžื“ื“ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”. ื›ื™ื•ื, ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘  ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื•ืœืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืคืขืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ืื” ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ื‘  ืชื•ื ื”ื’ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœ.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ืœืฉื ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื”, ืชื™ื–ื•ื  ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™, ืชื—ืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
o ื‘ื™ื—ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืขืจื›ื™ื•ืชืคื™ืกืชื™ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœืœืžืขืจื›ืชืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืชืฉืœื ืฉื™ืื”ื‘ื ื˜ืœ. o ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”
ื”ื™ืช, ืขืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื”. o ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
ื”ืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš.
o ื—ืœืงืžืžื˜ืจื•ืชื”ื™ืกื•ื“ืฉืœื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืขืœืื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืชืฉืœืื—ื•ื–ื™ืงืœื™ื˜ืชื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ืื‘ืฉื•ืง  , ืขื ื’ืžืจ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
o ื™ืฉืœื”ืžืฉื™ืšื•ืœื”ืขื“ื™ืฃืืชื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื”ืฆื‘ืื™,ื›ืขืจืšืœืื•ืžื™,ืขืœืคื ื™ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื”ืื–ืจื—ื™.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”, ืชืงื“ื  ืืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืื”:
1.  ื™ืขื“ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืก- ื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ื™ืขื“ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืก ืชืœื•ื™ื™ ืื‘ื ื™ ื“ืจืš ื•ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื™ื•ืจื—ื‘ื• ื•ื™ืคื•ืชื—ื• ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง  .
2.  ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™- ื™ื•ืจื—ื‘ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™, ื”ืชืžื”ื™ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœื•, ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช.
3. ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ื•ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช- ืชื•ื’ื“ืจ ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื“ืจื’ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข, ื–ืืช ืœืฆื“ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจืช ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžื˜ื™ื ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
4.  ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื•ื›ืœื™ ืžื“ื™ื“ื”-ื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื•ื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื”
ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ  ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืจืื™ื™ื” ืงืฆืจืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ื—ืกืจื” ืžื ื•ืฃ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ , ืฉืขืชื•ืง ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชืžื›ื™ื.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืขื ื™ืง ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื•ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื•ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช.  ืชืฉืคืจ ืืช ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื•ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ืœืฆืืช ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืง . ื‘ื›ืš, ืชืฆื•ืžืฆื ื›ืžื•ืช
ื”ื ืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™  ื•ืชืฉืชืคืจ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ: o ื”ืขืฆืžืชืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืชืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช.
o ืฆืžืฆื•ืืžืกืคืจื”ื ืชืžื›ื™ืืขืœื™ื“ื™. o ื”ืฉืงืขืชืžืฉืื‘ื™ืื‘ืจืื™ื™ื”ืืจื•ื›ืชื˜ื•ื•ื—. o ื”ืฉืงืขื”ื‘ื“ื•ืจื”ืขืชื™ื“. o ืฆืžืฆื•ืืคืขืจื™ืื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. o ื”ื ื’ืฉืชื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืชืœืžื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช. o ืžืชืŸืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ืืœื™ืฆื™ืื”ืžืžืขื’ืœื”ืขื•ื ื™. o ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชืคืขื™ืœื”ื‘ืฉื•ืงื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืชืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื.
1. ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื- ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื•ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืฆืจื›ื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื. ื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช  ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ื”ืขืฉืจืช ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ืจืชื™ืžืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื“ืข
ืฉืœื”ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื. 2.    ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื ื›ื™ื- ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”. ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช
ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืžื•ืงื“ืช ืœื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื–ื•. ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื›ืจืช  ื‘ื ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
3.  ืžื’ื–ืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™- ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืฉื™ืจื›ื– ื•ื™ืชื›ืœืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื’ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ื‘ืงืจื”, ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”.
4. ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”- ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ืจ ืœืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืœืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืžืขื˜ืคืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื ืจื—ื‘ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืžืงืฆืขื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. 5. ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”- ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื•ืง
ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ื•ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื ืœืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืฉืคื˜ื™. ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ืงื“ืžื• ืืช ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืฉืชื™ืงื” ื•ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื•ืžื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืชืŸ ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื ืคืœื” ืœืžืขื’ืœ ื”ื–ื ื•ืช ื•ืืฉืจ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืคืขืช
ื”ื–ื ื•ืช.
6. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืชืขืกื•ืงื”- ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ื‘  ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืžื” ื•ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช.ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ืงื™ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืžืื•ืชืจื™ื. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ืช ืขืœ
ื™ื“ื™ ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ื—ื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขืฉืจื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื. 7. ืกื™ืขื•ื“- ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจืš
ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืžืขืจืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™. 8. ืฉื›ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื’ืŸ- ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืฉืชืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืขืœืืช
ืฉื›ืจ.
9. ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™- ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืื•ืจ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ .
ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื
ืžืื– ื”ืงืžืชื” ืœื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœื”   ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื—ื“ืฉ, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืชืขื ื™ืง ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช.  ืชื–ื”ื” ื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืงืœ ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื  ื”ื™ื ื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืืœื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื™-ืืžื•ืŸ.
o ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืšื—ื™ื™ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช. o ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื ืงืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžื” ืœื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื“ืช
ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื•ืžื’ื–ืจ.
o ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืœืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืืฉืจ ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื” ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืžื ื•ืฉื ืœื ื•ืฉื.
o ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื—ืชื™ืจื” ืœืกื’ื™ืจืช ืคืขืจื™ื, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™, ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื”ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1. ื“ื™ื•ืจ - ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื”ืœืš ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชื‘"ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ ื•ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขืชื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืจืงืข ืœ-25 ืฉื ื”, ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื.
2.  ื—ื™ื ื•ืš - ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ )ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžื–ื›ืื™( ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™  ืœืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™. ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
3.  ืชืขืกื•ืงื” - ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืชื‘"ืขื•ืช ื•/ืื• ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื. ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžืืžืฅ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืคืจื ืกื”.
4.  ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’- ื”ืขื ืงืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื•ืœื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ืœืงื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื“ืคืชื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ,ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
5.  ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ - ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื )ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืชื•ื›ื( ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ื‘ื•ื ืช-ืืžื•ืŸ ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”.
6.  ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœ - ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™, ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืฆื‘ืื™ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื”ื™ื ืœืืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
  ืชืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืจืืฉ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื™ื” ื•ืชื—ื ืš ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื” ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืœืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื, ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช. ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืขืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื” ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืืฉื›ื•ืœ
ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื ืคืจื“ ืœืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”- ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜.
ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”
ื›ื™ ืžืžืฉืœืช  ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช "" ืชื’ืŸ ื•ืชื˜ืคื— ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื•ืชืงื‘ืข ืขื ื”ืงืžืชื” ื›ื™ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืชื™ื™ืขื“ ืœื›ืš ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื- ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ื” ื•ื™ืœื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ.
ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ืฆืขื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘  ืœืขื‘ืจ ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืžืื” ื”-21, ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืงื‘ื™ื ื˜ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืฉืื ื™, ื›ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืจืืฉื•.
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืคืงื“ ื›ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื ื•ืชื•ืžืš, ื‘ื• ื™ื–ื›ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื•ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืžื•ื“ืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ืœื—ื™ืงื•ื™, ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื™ื“ืข ื ืจื—ื‘.
ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ื›ื™ืขื“ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ , ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื”ื- ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื ื”ืœืชื™ื™ื- ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื•ืฉืงื•ืคื”.
ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื•ืžื•ื’ื ืช, ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืœืœื ืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื’ืข ื”ืกืžื™ื ื•ื”ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ. ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”,
ื—"ื› ืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืคื–, ืจื"ืœ )ืžื™ืœ'( ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”
ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉืืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”- OECD. ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื”ื ืžื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ืช ืกื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ืžื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื”.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืขื ื™ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ืœืฆื“ ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช. ืœื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ืงื ื• ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื โ€“ ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื, ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื• ื›ืื–ืจื—  ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื™ืชืคืงื“ื• ื›ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื™ืขืฆื™ืžื• ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืชื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“, ืชื•ืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืฆื“ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœืขืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื–ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื•ืช
ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช.
o ื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื™ืกื™ื™ื ืขื ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช/ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื›ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืœืฆื™ื“ืŸ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื ื’ื–ืจืช ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
o ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉื•ืจ, ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™  ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืขืฉื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ,  ืชื“ื•ืจื’ ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
o ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืขืจืš ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืื™ื›ื•ืชื• ื•ืžืขืžื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื”  ื›ืžื—ื ืš, ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื“ืจืš ื•ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืžืœื ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•, ืœืฆื“ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื . ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื”  ื™ืžืฉื•ืš ืืœื™ื• ืืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ
ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืชืžื•ืจื” ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื•.
o ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื—ืœืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืชืขื“ื•ืฃ ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื:
1.  ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš- ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืชืงืฆื”  ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืจืš ื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื—ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืชืŸ ื“ื’ืฉ ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื’ื ื ื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื ื™ื, ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื, ื•ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
ืœืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืื”, ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช. 2.    ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš โ€“   ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ืชื•ืงื ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืชื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ืช. ื™ื•ืงื ืงื‘ื™ื ื˜ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš โ€“ ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ
ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชื•ืš ืจืชื™ืžืชื ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. 3.   ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ืื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœื›ื•ืœื- ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืงื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขืœ ื–ืจืžื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื•ืง . ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœ. ืชืงื‘ืขื ื” ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืงืกื™ืžืืœื™ ืฉืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”. ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ืข ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืœื™ืžื” ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช โ€“ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืฆื“
ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช. 4. ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื• - ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื™ืช ืฉืœ
ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืชืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื”. 5.    ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช - ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ
ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”  ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืืžืคืชื™ื” ื•ื”ื—ืžืœื” ืœื–ื•ืœืช ื•ืชืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืขืจื›ื™ ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื“ื™, ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื›ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืืœื”.
6.  ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ื” - ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืžื•ืจื” ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื•ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ื”. 7. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื - ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ, ืœื ืฆืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืืช ื”ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื•ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืื—ื“ ืœืžืฉื ื”ื• ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื•
ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™. 8. ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื- ื™ื•ืฉืง ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืืจืฆื™ ืฉืœ ืกื“ื ืื•ืช ืขื–ืจ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื•ืช, ืื•ืชืŸ ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื
ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ )ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ( ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“, ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ  ื•ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื”. ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื“ื ื” ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘.
9.  ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ- ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช, ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื”. ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืชื™ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืงืœื™ ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ื— ืื“ื ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ
ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ื”ืœื™ืžื” ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”. 10. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื“ื™ืคืจืื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“-ืชื™ื•ืฉื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืืœืฃ ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื‘- 250 ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืงืฉื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื ื” ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืฉืจื”, ืœืฆื“ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™, ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืคืขืจ ืฉืœ ื› 35% ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืŸ
ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืชื—ืชื•ืŸ. 11. ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” โ€“ ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ืฆืขื™ืจื”  ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื”ื ื”ืืงื“ืžืื™ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื“ืช, ื’ื–ืข, ืžื™ืŸ ืื• ืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœื›ืœื™.  ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“. ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืœื ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืชื•ื—ื–ืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืชื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืคืจื™ืกื” ืืจื•ื—ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—. ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉืื™
ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžื•ื›ืจ .
ืกืคื•ืจื˜
ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื ืื™ ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืคืจื˜; ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืขืจื›ื™ื ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช, ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ื’  ื‘ืื•ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช. ื”ื ื—ืœืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืจืื•ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืชืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื”ืฉืžื ืช ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืกื•ื›ืจืช ื•ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืชืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ืช ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื–ื”ื•ืช ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืชืฉืคืจ ืœืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™  ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ืขื ืคื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื›ืš ืฉื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช .
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืคื ืื™ ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™  )ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ(, ืœื”ืงืžืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช
ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
1. ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ , ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื•. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื•ื ื•ืขืจ, ื•ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืก ืžืืžื ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืื™ืžื•ืŸ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื•ืช
ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืขื ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื. 2.  ื”ืงืžืช ืืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื›ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื. 3. ื™ืžื•ืกื“ื• ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืชื’ืžืœื™ื ืขืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื. ื•ื™ื™ื ืชื ื• ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื
ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.
4. ืชืงื•ื“ื ื•ืชื™ื•ืฉื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ื ื•ืช, ืœืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜- ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื›ืื—ื“.
5.  ืชื•ืฉืง ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ ืฉืชื›ืœื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ .
6. ื™ื•ืฉืงืขื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™  ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื“ื’ืฉ ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืœืงื”ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช, ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื, ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื ื›ื™ื.
7. ื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ืชืจื‘ื•ืช
ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช.
1.  ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืขื  ื•ืขื ืžื•ืจืฉืชื”. ื”ื™ื ืžืœื›ื“ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื“ื™ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœ:
๏‚ท   ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ  ๏‚ท   ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ  
2.  ื“ื’ืฉ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช, ื‘ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ื–ืžืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™, ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืคื”.
3.  ืชื˜ืคื— ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™ืช, ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ื—ื‘ืจื” ืจื‘ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช.
4.  ืชืฉืžืจ ื•ืชืงื“ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ  ื›ืžื•ืงื“ ื•ื›ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืชืงื“ื ืืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฅ.
ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื
 ืจื•ืื” ื›ืขืจืš ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืงืชื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ , ืœืฉื ื‘ื™ืกื•ืกื” ื•ื”ืขืฆืžืชื” ืฉืœ . ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืชื”ื  ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื•ืื•ื›ืคืช ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืœ, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื“ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ. ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžื’ื“ืจ, ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ, ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ
ื•ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘.
ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ืจ
ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืœื”ื—ืœืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘  ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื•. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™, ืื•ืœื ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉื ื” ื›ื‘ืจืช ื“ืจืš ืืจื•ื›ื” ืขื“ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘  ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ืื• ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ  ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ืœืงืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ืื• ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืื™ื ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื•ืช ืœืชื ืื™ื, ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื•ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื
ืœืžืงืจื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืจืช ื ืฉื™ื.
ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืจื‘-ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื•ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื•ื‘ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.    ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื•ืžืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื”, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืžืชืื™ืžื”, ืื›ื™ืคื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื
ืžืกืคืงืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” "ืชื•ืžื›ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื”" ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ืขื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœืชื”.
o  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžืื‘ืง ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื›ืื—ื“, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื–ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” .
o  ืชื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื .
o     ืœืžืขืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘  ื•ืชืฉืืฃ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื”ืœื•ื ืืช ื—ืœืงืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”.
o  ืฉืžื” ืœื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฉืœื‘ ื•ืœืงื“ื ื ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืงื ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืื•ืชืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื”ืŸ ืœืฆืืช ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ืชืงืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
o  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืช ื‘  ืฆืขื“ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
o   ื ื—ืจืฆื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ื“ืจืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžื’ื“ืจ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื:
1.  ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื  - ืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™, ืกื™ื•ืข ื›ืกืคื™ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื ืฉื™ื, ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจื” ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื ืฉื™ื .
2.  ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช "ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชื•ืžืš ืžืฉืคื—ื”"- ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืคื•ืกื™  ื•ื”ื ื’ืฉืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
3. ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื”- ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ  ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” . ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ืœืžืื‘ืงื™ ืฉื›ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช.ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง  , ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื.
4.  ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ืœื ืฉื™ื- ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช  ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืง. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” "ืชื•ืžื›ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื”" ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช , ืชื•ืš ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืœืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’. ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืืžื”ื•ืช. ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืงืœืช ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื ื ืžื’ื™ืœ 3 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื”ื–ื ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื›ืจื”
ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื˜ื ื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ.
5.  ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช โ€“ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื•ืื›ื™ืคืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื ื ืฉื™ื. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ื ืกืช. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
6. ืžืชืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช- ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขืกื™ืง ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืžื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื”ืงืžื” ื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช
ืœื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื•ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืœื ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื.
7. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™, ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื“ืจืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื‘ืžืงืœื˜ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช, ืœื ืคื’ืขื•ืช ืชืงื™ืคื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืžืขื˜ืคืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืชืŸ ืžืžืงืœื˜ื™ื
ืœื ืฉื™ื.
ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ  ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื•ืžื”, ื‘ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื˜ืจื•ื’ื ื™ืช, ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช ื•ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื™ื“ืข, ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื™  ื ื˜ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืขื•ืœืžื™- ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ, ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ื ืฉื™ืื” ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื, ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ื–ืืช ืœืฆื“ ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง , ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื ืฉื™ืื”
ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื ืชื, ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืงื“ื ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื , ืชืงืœ ืืช ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื‘ืฅ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืขืชื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื, ืชื“ืื’ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืชืงื ื” ืœื”ื ืืช ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื”ื ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช 
ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืชืฉื™ื ื“ื’ืฉ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื .
o ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชืฆื™ืข ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื  ืื•ืคืง ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืชืขื ื™ืง ื›ืœื™ื ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
o ืชื ื•ืขืชืœืงื™ื“ื•ืืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื•ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื‘ื™ืŸื›ืœื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ืืœืœืื”ื‘ื“ืœื“ืช, ื’ื–ืข ื•ืžื™ืŸ.
o ืžืžืฉืœืชืชื‘ื˜ื™ื—ืœื›ืœืฆืขื™ืจืืชื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืชืœืจื›ื™ืฉืชื“ื™ื•ืจื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื”ื•ื’ืŸ. o ืžืžืฉืœืชืœื”ืฉืืจืชื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืชื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื. o ืžืžืฉืœืชืชืขื•ื“ื“ืžืขื‘ืจืฉืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ืืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ืื•ื—ื–ืงื™ืืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
1.  ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขื” ืฉืœ ืจืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื- ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช-ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ืืจื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช, ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืชื—ืžื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ . ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงืžืช ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ื™ื -ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ืฉืชื•ืงื“ืฉ
ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื.
2.  ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืชืŸ ื”ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื”, ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืขื•ื“.
3.  ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื›ืœืœ ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ
4.  ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœื™ื‘ืจืืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื- ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื’ืœื™ืœ
ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”: ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืขื•ื“. ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืขื’ืœ ืกื’ื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ืžื ืฆื™ื— ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืžื›ืืŸ ืกืœื•ืœื” ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ
, ื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™4.
ื”ืขื“ืจ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ, ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ืช, ื”ื–ื ื—ื” ื•ื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืงืฅ, ื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืœืžืฆื•ืงื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉื•ืจ ืชื•ื›ืคืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ. ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืงืงื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ืชืืคื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžื•ืืฆืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื™ื”ื•ื• ืžื•ืงื“ ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o  ืชื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชืคื™ืกืชื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ, ืฉืขื™ืงืจื• ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžื ื•ืขื™ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื›ืœืœืช.
o  ืชืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืชืขื ื™ืง ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœืฉื™ื— ื•ืœืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช.
o  ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ.
o   ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื–ืจื—, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืืœื• ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ืžื ื•ืขื™ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื•ืžืฉื™ื›ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ:
1.  ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกืชื™ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”- ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชืคื™ืกืชื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ, ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื.
4 ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 2000-2008 ืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื›- 26,800 ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช 78,000 ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื– ื•ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘. ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ืชื ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ื’ืจ ืœืžืจื›ื– ืžืชื•ืš ืžื ื™ืขื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื. ื ื™ื›ืจ ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืจ ืžื’ืžื” ื–ื• ื—ื•ืœืฉืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืžื—ืจื™ืคื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื.
2. ื—ื™ื ื•ืš- ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ืจื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชืŸ ืžืฉื™ื›ืช ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืคื•ืจืžืืœื™ ืžืฉืœื™ื ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ืœื›ื•ืœื.
3.  ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”- ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื”ืกืขืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœืงื“ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืื•ืจื‘ืื ื™ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืŸ.
4.  ืชืขืกื•ืงื”- ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœืฆืคื•ืŸ. ื”ืงืžื” ื•ืžื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืขืœ- ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืกืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื”ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื•ืœืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
5. ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”- ืžื™ืกื•ื“ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื™ืจื•ื– ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจืื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
6. ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ- ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ. ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžืคืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืชื•ืš ืžื“ืจื•ื’ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื”.
7.  ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช- ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื•ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—  ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืืคื™. ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื. ื”ืคืขืœื” ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืขืชื•ื“ื”
ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืคืืœื™.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘
ืฉื ืช 2013 ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™ืช ื•ืื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืœืกื—ื•ืฃ ืขืžื• ืืช ืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื. , ืืฉืจ ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืคืจืฅ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2008, ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื’ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื• ืขืœื™ื”, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื—
ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื—ื•ืง. ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื›- 30 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ โ‚ช, ื•ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืขื“ ืœ- 70 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ โ‚ช ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื”.   ื ื™ืฆื‘ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™ ื•ืžื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืŸ ื–ืจ ืžื”ืืจืฅ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื—ืจื™ืคื•ืช ื•  ื ื™ืฆื‘ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ ืœื—ื•"ืœ.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชื›ืกื” ืืช ื”ื’ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืœื ื”ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืก ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืœื ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื”.  ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ื•ืืฃ ืชื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
 ืชื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ : o ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื”ืžื™ืกื™ื o ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืชืžื™ืจื‘ื™ืชืชื•ืšืื™ื”ื’ื“ืœืชื”ื’ืจืขื•ืŸื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื•ืื™ืคืจื™ืฆืชืžืกื’ืจืชื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ o ื”ื’ื“ืœืชืื—ื•ื–ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื”ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช o ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”ื›ืžื ื•ืขืฆืžื™ื—ื”,ืชื™ื’ืžื•ืœืžื•ื—ืฉื™ืฉืœื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืชื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืชื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื”
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช
1. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื- ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืœื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื. ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช. ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื—ืœืง ืžืžืก ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.
2. ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืงื™ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื”- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืื™ืฉื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื.
3. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” - ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื‘ื˜ืœื”. ื”ืคืขืœืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœื™ืœื™. ืžืชืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ
 ื—ื™ื™ื ื›-760,000 ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-65 ืฉื ื™ื, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื, )ื›-10% ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”(. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉื ื ื›-530,000 ื‘ื ื™ 55-65 )ื›-8% ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช(5. ื›ื™ื•ื ืกื•ื‘ืœืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ืžื ื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื•ืžื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ, ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ืœื”ืชื‘ื’ืจ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช, ื‘ืžืชืืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o  ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ , ืชื•ืš ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืคืชืŸ, ื›ื™ืขื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื”.
o  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื•ื›ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื• ืื—ื“ ืžืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžืช.
o ืฉืžื”ืœื”ืœืžื˜ืจื”ืœืงื“ืืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ืืืจื•ื›ื™ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ืื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืชื”ืœื™ื‘ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ืืฉืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ .
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1.  ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืืฉืคื•ื– ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ. 2.  ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขืจืš ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื•ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžืขืจืš ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื–ืงื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™. 3.    ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช . 4.    ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” . 5.  ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื•ืช. 6.   ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
5 ื›-57% ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื. ื›-43% ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ื”ื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ื›-57% ื”ื ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”-ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ื›-33% ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ืืกื™ื”-ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื›-10% ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื›-94% ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื. ื›-30% ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
ืžืžืฉืœ ืื—ืจืื™ ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘
ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืชืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื›ื™ื ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ   ื› ื—ื•ืง ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ื”ื—ื•ืชืจืช ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ื, ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™, ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื›ืœ ืืœื”, ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ืืžื™ืฆื” ื•ืจื‘ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ . ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ, ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ
ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ  ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช. ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืžืžืฉืœ ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืœืžืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื•ืืช  , ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืชืืคื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:
ื.  ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืžืฉื™ืœื•ืช โ€“ ืื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช
ื‘.  ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช โ€“ ืชื—ืœื•ืคื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื•ืฉืจื™ื
ื’.  ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื•
ื“.  ืื™ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™  ื•ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช
ื”.  ื›ื•ื— ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ืœื-ืžื™ื“ืชื™ ืœืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ  ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™, ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ , ื‘ืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš, ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืจื•ื‘ ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืฉืืœื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื: o ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื”ืžืžืฉืœื”ืืœืžื•ืœื”ื›ื ืกืช o ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืื•ืคืŸื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืชืœื›ื ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืชื”ืžืงื“ื™ืžื•ืช o ื”ืกื“ืจืชื—ื•ืงื™ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืžืขืจื›ืชื”ื™ื—ืกื™ืื‘ื™ืŸื”ื›ื ืกืชื•ื‘ื™ืชื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ , ืœืคื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
1.  ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช: ื.   ืจืืฉ ื”ืกื™ืขื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืžื•ื ื” ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ. ื‘.  ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืจื•ื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ 70 ื—"ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืื™-ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”
2.  ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื“ื™ืžื•ืช: ื.   ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื—ืกื™ืžื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื™ื•ืขืœื” ืœ-4% ื‘. ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช- ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช- ืืจืฆื™ืช.
3.  ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ:
ื.  ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื™ืชืืคืฉืจ ืจืง ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ 70 ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“
ื‘.  ื—ื•ืง ืืฉืจ ื ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื’"ืฆ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืงืชื™ โ€“ ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืงืง ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืืœื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ 70 ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื ืกืช
ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื”, ืžืฉืžืจืช   ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื”, ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืืช ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ  ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช -   ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ , ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœืžื• ื•ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืชื•. ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ   ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื•ืฆืง , ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ  ื•ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ืžืจื›ื– ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ืืช ืžืจื›ื– ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘
ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ , ื•ืœืœื ื›ืคื™ื” ื“ืชื™ืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o   ื”ื™ื  ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช ื•ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื•ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ , ื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช.
o ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื• "ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื• ื™ื—ื™ื”". ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉื” ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื“ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืœืคื™ ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ื”ืฉืงืคืช ืขื•ืœืžื, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช.
o ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื ื•ื”ืœืช ืชื•ืš ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ืกืžืœื™ื” ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื”, ืขื ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื“ืช ื•ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช.
o ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ   ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกืžืœื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
1.  ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ-   ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ืง "ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช" ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœืคืกื•ืœื™ ื—ื™ืชื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืกื“ ืืช ืื”ื‘ืชื, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ.   ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืืช
ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืกืžื›ืช ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืœืขืจื•ืš ื—ื•ืคื” ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื ืฉื ืข"ื™ ืจื‘ ืžื•ืกืžืš ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ื ื•ืœืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
2.  ื’ื™ื•ืจ-   ืœื›ืš ืฉ  ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื›ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืจืš ื”ื’ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื”"ืœื™ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ื™ื™ืชื ื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ.
3. ื”ืฉื‘ืช- ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื ืขืจืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘  ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืฆื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ . ืœืžืขื˜ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ืœื ื™ื™ืืกืจ ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื™ืคืขืœื•, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ
ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืจืงื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™.
4.  ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืช-  ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืืคืฉืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— , ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ.
5. ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-   ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืื—ื“ ื”ืขื" ื•ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ  ื•ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื  ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœืงื“ื ืขืจื›ื™ื, ืกืžืœื™ื, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื›ื™ื ื•ืช
ืงื“ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ืจืฉ ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“. ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™.
ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™
ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™. ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื‘ื—ืจ, ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื—ืœืง ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•, ื”ื™ื ื” ื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืงื” ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“
ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ื‘ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™  ื™ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™, ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื• ื•ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื”ื™. ืชื•ืšื—ืœื•ืงืชืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื‘ืจื•ืจื”ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃืคืขื•ืœื”ื”ื“ื•ืงื‘ื™ืŸื”ืžืžืฉืœื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื•ืœื ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื.
o ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืžื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœืžืฆื•ืงื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื.
o   ืœื”ืฉื‘ื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืจืืฉื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ื™ืฉื•ืช.
o   ืœืžื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™- ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
6.  ื—ืงื™ืงืช "ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉ"- ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืชื•ืกื“ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืžืจืืฉื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช, ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืคืงื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืชื•ืกื“ืจ ื’ื ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืืœื”.
7. ืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื- ืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื ืชืงืœื™ื ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™.
8. ื—ื•ืง "ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืชื ื•ืช"- ืืฉืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื”, ืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื•ื”ืงืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉืจื•ืช ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™.
9. ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืกื“ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™- ื”ืงืžืช "ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื" ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
10. ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™- ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืœื˜ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื - ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘, ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชื™ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช.
11. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช- ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืจืžืืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืจืžืืœื™ืช.
12. ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื™- ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื™, ืชื•ืš ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ ืื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ.
13. ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื”- ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉืชืืคืฉืจื ื” ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ืขืชื•ืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื’ื™ืขื”.
14. ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”- ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
15. ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืืจ- ื”ื›ื ื” ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžืชืืจ ืœื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืฉืชืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื—ืงืœืื•ืช
ืžืื– ื”ืงืžืช  ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื ืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื”. ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ ืžืฆื˜ืžืฆื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ ื•ืื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช, ืœืฆื“ ื’ืจื™ืขืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘  ืชื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ื›ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ื” ืฉืœ  . ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื” ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช, ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
, ื›ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืžืคืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ , ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืจืช ืงื™ื™ืžื  ืชื•ืš ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:
o ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ื•ืžืกืคืงืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™, ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™, ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ โ€“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”.
o ื—ืงืœืื•ืชื”ืชื•ืจืžืชืœืคื™ืชื•ื—ืžืขื’ืœื™ืื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ืื ื•ืกืคื™ืืฉืœืชืฉื•ืžื•ืชื•ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ืชื•ืฆืจืชื—ืงืœืื™ืช. o ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื ื•ืฃ ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืคืจ ืžื˜ืžื™ืขื” ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื
ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื•.
o ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืจืื™ื” ืจื‘-ื“ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืœืืœื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืื—ืจื™ื•.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1.  ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ื•ืžืกืคืงืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™, ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™, ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ โ€“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”- ืžืชืŸ ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืกื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืขื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื—ืœื™ืคื™ื™ื. ื”ื’ืขื” ืœื”ืกื›ืžื” ืขื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื. ื”ืงืžืช ืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืชื ื•ื“ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืžืฉืš
ืฉื™ืžื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื›ืžืฉืง ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื•ืžืคื•ืงื—.
2.  ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื- ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื—ื•ืง ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ, ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื™ืขื•ื“ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืขืŸ ืœืžืฉื™ืžื” ื–ื•.ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื™ืฆื•ื ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื: ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคืจื™ืช, ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืžืกื—ืจ,
ืžืœืื›ื” ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื”.
3.  ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื ื•ืฃ ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืคืจ ืžื˜ืžื™ืขื” ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื•- ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื )ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ(, ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืฆื’ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžืื•ื–ื ืช. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื. ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื ืงืช
ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื›ืš.
4. ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™- ืžืชืŸ ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื, ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ืขื–ื” ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจื›ื– ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช, ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ืงืจืงืข ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืื—ื™ื–ืชื ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง "ืฉื™ืจื•ืช
ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข" )ืฉ.ื”.ืž(, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื’ื™ืฉ, ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื—ืงืœืื™ ื•ื—ืงืœืื™.
ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ
ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ   ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื ื“ืจืฉ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™  ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ื”ืขื ืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ืฉืœืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช, ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื› ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื ื“ืจืฉืช  ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจื—ื‘ ืœื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืŸ ืœื›ืœื›ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœืœื ืกื™ื•ืข . ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื”,
ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.
ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืงืœื™ื˜ื”
  ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื•ืœื˜ืช ืขืœื™ื” ืžื›ืœ ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื•ืžืฆื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžืฆื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื” ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื•ืœื˜ืช ืขืœื™ื” ื”ืŸ ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืงื” ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืขืœื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ืชื‘ืœ.    ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืชื ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœ ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ืงืœื™ื˜ืชื ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื‘ืžื“ืข, ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•'.
o ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืคืจื˜.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื•ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื ื”ืกืจืช ื”ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœ, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื:
1.  ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™. ืจื›ื™ืฉืช/ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื. ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืžืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™.
2. ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืคื ืกื™ื”- ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื’ืžืœืื•ืช ื•ืืฉืจ ืขืœื• ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 40+, ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืคื—ื•ืช 10 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื• ืคื ืกื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ื”.
3.  ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื™ื ื—ื“-ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช- ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืขื ืงื™ื, ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื•ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช.
4. ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”- ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืœื™ื.
5. ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืืœื™ืช- ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื•ืจ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ "" ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ, ื’ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื.
ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”
ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ื•ืืžื•ื ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™   ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื ืฉืขื ื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกื ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ  ื•ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืชื™ ืชืฆื™ื‘ ื›ื™ืขื“ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชืงื“ื™ืฉ ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื” ื•ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช,
ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”,
ื—"ื› ืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืคื–, ืจื"ืœ )ืžื™ืœ'( ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”
ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘
ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื”.
ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช  ืžื—ื“ ื”ื™ื ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช. ืขืœ   ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ื•ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ ืงืฉื” ื•ื™ืงืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืงื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื–ื• ืงืจืกื” ืžืืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื• ืœืชืงืŸ ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”. ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื“ืจื’ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช  ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืชืคืงื“ืช ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื ื˜ืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืืœื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื™, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื–ืžื™ื ื”, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืœื›ืœ
ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ื•ืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืœื—ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ืš.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช  ืฉืชื ื”ื™ื’ ืžืžืฉืœืช , ื™ื•ืฉืงื•, ื™ืงื•ื“ืžื• ื•ื™ื™ืขืจื›ื• ืชื—ืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
o ืฆืžืฆื•ืื ื˜ืœื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื”ืขืฆืžื™ืชืฉืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช o ื™ื™ืฉื•ืืจืคื•ืจืžื”ืžืงื™ืคื”ื‘ืชื—ื•ืื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ืื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ืืœืื–ืจื— o ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ,ื˜ื™ืคื•ื—ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืชื›ื—ื”ืื“ืื”ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื‘ืชื—ื•ืื”ืจืคื•ืื”ื•ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1.  ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืกืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื—ืง- ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื“ื ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ ื•ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง. ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ืขื™ื’ื•ื ื• ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื”.
2.  ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช- ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื‘ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื• ืชื•ืš ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื—ืœืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื”.
3.  ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ื•ืŸ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื•ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“- ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื—ืกืจ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›"ื ืจืคื•ืื™ ืžื—ื•"ืœ. ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื/ืื—ื™ื•ืช. ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™
ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื•ืชืœื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืจ"ืค.
4. ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช- ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
5.  ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช- ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืคืขืœ ื›ืžื ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืชื™ื•ืฉื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™. ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืžืฉืœื™ืžื”. ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“. ืจืคื•ืจืžื”
ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื‘.
6.  ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื- ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื–ืžื™ื ื” ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืชืคื—ื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืืฉืคื•ื–, ืชื•ื–ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื•ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืชืฉืคืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืืช ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืื•ืฉืคื–ื™ื.
7.  ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื•ื ืขืช- ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื™ืขื”, ืœืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื, ืžื ื™ืขืช ืขื™ืฉื•ืŸ, ืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉืžื ื”.
8.  ืžื ื™ืขืช ื›ืคืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื- ืชืขื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืžื ื™ืขืช ื›ืคืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืชืขื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืช, ืขืœ ื ื•ืคื™ื”, ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ืชื” ื•ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ ืฉื‘ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืจืฉืชื• ื•ืขื•ื’ื ื™ื• ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™. ื”ื™ื ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืจ ืžื—ืฆื‘ืชื•, ื ื•ืฃ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื•, ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• ื•ื—ื™ื™ื•. ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ื ื•ืคื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืžื—, ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•' ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™, ื›ื™ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฉืื‘ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ืฉืœ
 ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื•ืœืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ ืœืื“ืžืชื•. ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžื˜ืคื—ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืจืช ืืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืืช
ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช  ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉื‘ื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื•ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฆื•ืžื— , ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืื—ื•ื“, ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื•ืžืชื•ื›ืœืœ.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืช, ืขืœ ื ื•ืคื™ื”, ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ืชื” ื•ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ ืฉื‘ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื•ืจืฉืชื• ื•ื‘ืขื•ื’ื ื™ื• ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื—ืœืง ืžืขืจื›ื™ื” ืฉืœ  ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” .
o ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืจ-ืงื™ื™ืžื ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื: ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื˜ื‘ืข, ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืชืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™. ื–ืืช - ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื ื•ืช
ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื•ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
o ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžืชืŸ ืžืขืžื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืคื•ืขืœื•, ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื•, ื• ืœื”ื•ืกืคืช ืชืงื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”.
o ืชื ื•ืขืชืžืืžื™ื ื”ื›ื™ื”ื’ื ื”ืขืœื”ืžืฉืื‘ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื”ื™ืืžื˜ืจื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช,ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืชืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื—. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš ืชื‘ื™ื  ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ื -ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ืžืชื•ืืžืช ื•ืžืฉื•ืœื‘, ื”ืžื•ื ื”ื’ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจื ืžืชื›ืœืœ ืื—ื™ื“, ื•ืžื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืชื—ืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ืžื›ื•ื ืŸ, ืืฉืจ
ื™ื—ื“ ื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืกืจืช ื—ืกืžื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”   ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื, ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” :
1.  ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื - ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื•ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืชืกืคืง ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื•ืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื”ื ื•ืฃ, ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช.
2.  ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคื™ื โ€“ ื”ืชื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืœืจืฆื•ืขื” ื”ื™ืžื™ืช ืžื•ืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ืžืฉืื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื‘ื–ื•ืœ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
3. ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” - ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืฆื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืื•ื‘ื“ื ื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ื” ื—ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ืกื›ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืŸ
ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
4.  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื- ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืืกืคืงืช ืžื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื‘  ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช, ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื”.
5.  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื˜ื™ื”ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืคื›ื™ื- ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืคื›ื™ื ืœืื™ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืžื™ืจื‘ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœื—ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื, ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฆืจื›ื™ ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืชืžื ืข ื ื–ืงื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ืœืื“ื, ืœื˜ื‘ืข, ืœืžื™ ื”ืชื”ื•ื, ืœืื“ืžื” ื•ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื.
6.  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื•ื”ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ โ€“ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื•ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคืกื•ืœืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืžื ืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ.
7.  ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื- ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืจืฃ ื”ืขื ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืข"ื—, ืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื•ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ื ืžื“ื“ืช ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืกื” ืœื‘ืข"ื—.
ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื• ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช
ืœืชืคื™ืกืชื” ืฉืœ , ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ  ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืชืชืช ืขืœ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ, ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื.  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”, ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืฉืœ  , ื–ืืช, ืชื•ืš ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”- ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืขื™ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”.
ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื•ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคืขืจ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” , ืชืžืกื“  "ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืžืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”", ืืฉืจ ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจ, ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื™ืกื•ื“, ืืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื•ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื•ื•ื”, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ืื—ืช- ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื•ื—ื•ืฆืช ืžื’ื–ืจื™
ืžืžืฉืœ, ืืช ืฉืœืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” .
ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ,   ืœืžื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ื•ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืจ-ืงื™ื™ืžื ืฉืชื›ืœื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ: ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช, ื“ืจื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื, ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ื™ืขื“ ืœื”ืฉื’ืชื.
ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืคืฆืช ืชื›ื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ื™ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืจื—ื‘, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื‘ื–ืง ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืคืก, ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืื•ื“, ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืจืฉืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜. ื”ืฉื•ืง  ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื•ืชืื ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจื”
ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื.
ื‘  ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ืžื‘ื™ืื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœืžื—ื“ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ื ื™ืฆื‘ืช  ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉืจื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื•ืฅ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ื–ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
 ื™ืฉ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืขื•ื“ืคืช ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™ ืœืฉื ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช  ื ืชืคืกืช ื›"ืจืฉื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช" ื•ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ื ื ื“ืžื™ื ืœืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื›ืกื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช
ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘  ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืชืฉืžืฉ ื›ื›ืœื‘ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”- ื•ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจืื™, ื™ืขื™ืœ, ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื•ืืชื™.   ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—, ืชืืคืฉืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื•ืฉืคื•ื™ื” ื•ืขืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื•ืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื—ืœืง ืžืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืชื™ื“ .  ืžืฆื“ื“ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™, ืื—ืจืื™ ื•ืืชื™.
o  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ, ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช, ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ืืœื• ื•ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช.
o   ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™-ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ , ืชืขื•ื“ื“ ืงื™ื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื• ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื• ื•ืœื”ืขืฆืžืชื•.
o  ื—ื•ืชืจืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ื”ืขืชืงื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื.
o  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืชืฉื™ื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉื•ืง ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืชื•ืื ืืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช.
o  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื  ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืขื ืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืœืฆืจื›ื ื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช.
o   ืœื”ืขื ืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืชื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ื˜ืœืช ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”.
o ืžืืžื™ื ื”ื›ื™ื™ืฉืœืขื•ื“ื“ื™ืฆื™ืจื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืชืžืงื•ืžื™ืช. o   ืœื˜ื™ื•ื‘, ืœืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื•ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชื•ืื ืืช
ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืชื•ืš ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืชื™ืช.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ- ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™  ืชื•ืš ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ื—ื›ื ื”ืžืžืœื ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื•.
2. ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฆื•ืœื‘ื•ืช/ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื›ืกื•ื ื™ื•ืช- ื”ื—ืœืช ืชื ืื™ื ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืขืจื•ืฆื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฆื•ืœื‘ื•ืช ื•ืืœื›ืกื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
3. ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช - ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืืกื“ืจื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชื”ื•ื•ื”- ืจื‘ ืขืจื•ืฆื™, ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ืจื‘ ืชื›ื ื™ ื•ืœื ืžืคื•ืงื—, ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืืกื“ืจื” ืื—ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื
ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืชื• ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
4.  ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื- ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืžืžื•ืงื“ื™ื, ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื™ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ ืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืคืจื ืกื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื›ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ.
5. ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ- ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ, ืชื•ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื•- ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ืžื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืžื—ืžื™ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื.
6.  ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช.
7. ื”ืงืžืช ืขืจื•ืฅ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื™-ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™-ืื–ืจื—ื™, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื™ื’ ืžืกืจื™ื ื•ืชื›ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™  .
ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช
  ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” )ื ืคืฉ/ืงืž"ืจ( ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื, ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืขื ื•ืช ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
ืขื™ืงืจื™.
  ืชืฉืืฃ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”  ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื - ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืฉืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืžื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจืชื™ืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜
ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื•ืช.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืคืชื— ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ืกืขื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช, ืืžื™ื ื”, ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื–ื•ืœื” ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื” ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ . ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชืคื ื” ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืคื™ืชื•ื—
ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื–  ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื•ืžื™ืกื•ื“ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืžื”ื™ืจืฉืœืืžืฆืขื™ื”ืกืขืชื”ืžื•ื ื™ืื›ืœืœืืจืฆื™ื™ื-ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื, ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื•ื–ื•ืœื™ื.
o ืœื”ืฆื‘ืชื ื•ืฉืืคื™ืชื•ื—ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืชื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืชื‘ืจืืฉืกื“ืจื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืชืฉืœื”ืžืžืฉืœื” o   ืœื”ืกืจืช ื—ืกืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืงืžืช ื’ื•ืคื™ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื
ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืจื™ืฉื•ื™ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1.  ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช- ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ื™ื.
2.  ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช- ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ื”ืจื’ืœ, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืื•ื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขืชื™ืจื™ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
3. ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื- ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื•ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืœื‘ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขืฆื‘ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”.
4. ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื™ืจื•ืงื”- ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช ืชื•ืš ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืช ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
5. ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื - ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืื’ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื )ื›ื ืจืช ื•ืžื™ ืชื”ื•ื(, ื•ืžืชืŸ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ืืฆืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื ืœืืกืคืงืช ืžื™ื, ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืฉืœื ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ืžืื’ืจื™ื.
6.  ื’ื–- ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืง ื”ื’ื– ืฉืœ  ืœืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœืฉื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืืกืคืงื” ืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื– ืœ  ืœืขืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื.
7.  ื—ืฉืžืœ- ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืฉื•ืจืช ืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื.
8.  ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช-   ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื” ื•ื›ื›ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช .
ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
 ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื–ื•ื ื” ืืช   ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืจื•ื“ืคืช ืฉืœื•ื, ื”ืฉื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื›ืžื™ื, ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื, ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ื”ืžืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื™ื— ื•ืงืฉืจื™ื ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”. ื”ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช  ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™-ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™, ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื
ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื“ื” ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื”.
ืžื“ื™ื ื™ - ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™
 ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืกื˜ืื˜ื•ืก ืงื•ื• ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™  ื•ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื, ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืืฉืœื™ื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ื• ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื›ื›ื–ื• ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื”, ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื•ืชื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืงื™ื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืื™ื™ืžื• ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื”. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ืš   ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจื ืขื ืฉื›ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืฉืœื•ื.   ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืขื ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืžืืžื™ื ื”ื›ื™ื”ืกื“ืจืชื”ืกื›ืกื•ืšืขืื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืื”ื™ื ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื•ื›ื™ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ื ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ .  ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™ โ€“ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
o ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ )"ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™"( ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืฃ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื - ืืœ ืžื•ืœื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš - ืืš ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.   ืœื ืฆืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ืง ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืชื•ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช
ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™.
o ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืชืœื”ืกื›ืžื™ืฉืœื•ืื•ื”ืกื›ืžื™ืืจืฉืžื™ื™ืืื—ืจื™ืืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช.
o ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ   ื”ื™ื ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ืขืœ  ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื" ื•ื—ืœืง ืž"ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื" ื•ืืœ ืœื” ืœืฉืงื•ืข ืืœ ืชื•ืš ืื•ื•ื™ืจืช "ืขื ืœื‘ื“ื“ ื™ืฉื›ื•ืŸ".
o ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืชืจืชื•ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ืืช ื‘ืช ื‘ืจื™ืชื” ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช- ืืจื”"ื‘.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืคื™ ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื -
ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ืช:
๏‚ท   ืงื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืœืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืงื•ื•ื™ 1967 ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื’ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื—ืœืง ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืœื™ ืž .
๏‚ท   ืงื• ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ื–ื”, ืขื ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืžื•ืกื›ืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื ื”. ๏‚ท   ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืงื‘ืข, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื‘ืœ ืขื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉื•ืช ื™ืช ืื—ืช, ืžืคื•ืจื–ืช ืžื ืฉืง ืฆื‘ืื™
ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื•ืจื˜ื˜.
ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ืขืžื™ื:
๏‚ท    ื”ื™ื  ื”ืœืื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช. ๏‚ท ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืžืžืฉ ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช 
ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืœื›ืฉืชืงื•ื ืœืฆื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ  .
ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื:
๏‚ท   ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื‘ื™ืจืชื” ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ , ืœื ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช 1967. ๏‚ท  ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื - ื‘ื™ืจืช , ืขืจืฉ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืืกืœืื ื•ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช - ืžืขืžื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ื
ื‘ื™ืŸ   ืœื‘ื™ืŸ  ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช. ๏‚ท    ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืœื•ื ืฉื™ื™ื—ืชื.
ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื
ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื”ืกืœืžื” ืžื“ืื™ื’ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  . ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ืœืื–ืจื— ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ื” ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ .
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
  ืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืชื•ื›ืจ ื›ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ื‘ื ื•ืกื—ืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.   ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขื”, ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื•.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืžืžืฉืœืช   ืœืกืคืง ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”- ื‘ืฉื’ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื- ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื“ืช, ื’ื–ืข ื•ืžื™ืŸ.
o ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืชื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸื”ืื™ืฉื™ืฆืจื™ื›ื”ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืชื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืชื”ืžืฉืชืคืชืืชื›ืœืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” .
o ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืชืงืœื•ืชืฉืœืจื›ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืชื”ื™ื ื”ืื‘ืŸื™ืกื•ื“ื‘ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืชื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸื”ืื™ืฉื™ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื. o ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืชืื›ื™ืคืชื”ื—ื•ืงืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืชืœืงื‘ืœืืชื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ืื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ืื•ื›ื—ื”ืื“ืื”ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื•ื”ืžืชืื™ื
ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ื”ืŸ. o ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื”ืžืกืชื ื ื™ืื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจืชืชื˜ื•ืคืœื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื”ื’ื“ืจืชืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื”ื’ื™ืจื”ืžืชื›ืœืœืช.
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™
1. ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื•ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื™ืขื“ ืœืื•ืžื™- ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืชื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื•ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื™ืขื“ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืชืงืฆื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ืชื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื–ื” ื–ื•.
2.  ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื‘ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืขื•ืจืฃ-   ืชืงื ื” ืœืขื•ืจืฃ ื”ื›ืจื” ื›ื–ื™ืจื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœืžืืžืฅ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืงืจื™, ื• ืœืงืจืืช ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืจืฃ.
ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื
1.  ื’ื™ื•ืก ื›ื— ืื“ื ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™- ื™ื•ืงืฆื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฉื˜ืจืช  ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ื•ืขื“ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืจืขื ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืจื•ืชื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืงืคื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืขืจื›ื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืคื™ืกื™.
2. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืช- ืžื™ืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”'ืงืœืืกื™ืช' ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืœืœื ืžื˜ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื. ื”ืžื’"ื‘ ื™ื•ืคื ื” ืžื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช.
3.  ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืื–ืจื—ื™ -ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื•ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื’ืžืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื˜ืœ.
4. ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ - ื”ืงืžืช "ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื" ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
5. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”- ืžืขื‘ืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ื ืืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจื” 'ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช', ื”ื ืกืžื›ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืžืคืชื—ืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืžืฆื” ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื’ื ื‘'ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืœื•ืช' ื’ื ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื’ื
ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืคื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื.
6.  ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืžืืžืฅ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™- ื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืœืฉื ื”ืืฆืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ืฉื”.
7. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื”-    ืœืกื’ื™ืจื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื”ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื•ื™ืจื™ื™ื.  ืชืชืจื•ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื” ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื, ืื•ืœื  ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื›ื ื™ืกืชื ืฉืœ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืชื—ื•ืžื” ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื
ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืื™ืชื•ืจื ืฉืœ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืœื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื ืžืฉื˜ื—ื” ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืžืื ื™ื•ืช.
ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื“ื” ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื”
ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ืฆืจื• ื–ื™ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ื” ืžืชื ื”ืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ  ื•ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”. ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื–ืง ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืžื ืฆื—, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžืขืžืขืžืช ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื—ืœืฉ. ื›ื™ื•ื ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืช ืคืจื•ืฅ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื•ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช, ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื- ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื˜ื” ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ 
ืขืจื›ื™ื”, ืื™ื›ื•ืชื” ื•ืฆื“ืงืช ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ   ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื™ื•ืฆื’ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ, ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื–ืืช,ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื  ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื›ื™  ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื•ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช 
o ืชื ื•ืขืช  ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื” ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ .
o  ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื’ื“ืœื• ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”. ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืขื ื” ืฉืœ  ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ืฆื• ื”ืฉืขื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืžื™ืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืจื”- ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช
ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื”.
o ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื”ื’ื•ืคื™ืื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ืื›ื™ื•ืื‘ื ื•ืฉืื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื”ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืชื•ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื•ืฉื™ืขืกืงื• ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
o  ืฉืžื” ืœื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ .
ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช 
ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช:
1. ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ -   ืœืฆื™ื™ื“ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื™ืื•ื, ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”. ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ืœืฉื• ื’ื ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื›ื“'.
2.  ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ืขื ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื”- ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ืœืžื˜ื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืœืื•ืžื™, ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืขืจื•ืฅ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื•ืืชืจื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
3.  ืจืชื™ืžืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื”- ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ืฉืžืฉื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื” ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื”. ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ - ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™


ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช:   ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช,  ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ , ื•ื ื™ืœื—ื ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืช  ืœโ€ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”โ€. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื ื• ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.

ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™: ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ . ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื•ืœืช, ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ.  ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืืช ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืžืฉื”, ื“ื•ื“, ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™, ื”ืจืžื‘โ€ื, ื”ืจืฆืœ ื•ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืื•ืžื”, ื•ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™  ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื™ ื ืชื ื™ื”ื•, ื—ื ื” ืกื ืฉ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื•ืจื•ืขื™ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–โ€ืœ. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื”. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ืชื "ืš ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ื›50%. ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžื•ืจืฉืช .  ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื“ื—ื•ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืžืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ .

ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ืขื ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช:   ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉื ื• ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื”ื ื” ืžืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื–ื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื›ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ืฆืขื™ืจื” . ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง, ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื (ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืขืชื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช) ื•ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืžื™ืกื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื .   ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืจืฉืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืืœื•, ื•ืจืง ืœืืœื•, ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื.

ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื’ื– โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืžื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืงืžืช ืงืจืŸ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื’ื– ื•ื ืคื˜ ื‘1/11/2011 ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืš ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืงืžื”. ืื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉืชื•ืงื ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืืœืชืจ, ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  . ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ  ืœื ื™ื•ืคื ื• ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืืœื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.

ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” โ€“ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื ื“ื‘ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขืจืš ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื’ื ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื. ื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืชื” ื•ื”ื•ื–ืœืชื”. ื ื“ืื’ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืื›ื™ืคื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืคืจื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืžื—ืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช. ื ืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื ืงื“ื ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.

 

ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืคืขืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš :ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื”ื ืื—ืช ื”ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช . ื”ื ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ืžื–ืขื–ืข: ื™ืฉื ื• ืžื™ืชืื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ ืฉืœื•. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื• ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืœืื™ืŸ-ืขืจื•ืš ืžื™ืœื“ ืžืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื”. ืื™ื ื ื• ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื, ืืš ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืชืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ื–ืืช ืจืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืืจื’ื– ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืจืงืขื•.  ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืชืช ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื”. ืื ื• ื ืฉืืฃ ืœืชืช ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™  .

ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช, ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉ"ืก, ื•ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืœื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘: ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ืžื›ื™ื ื•ืช, ื”ืžื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืกื›ื ื” ืžื™ื“ื™ืช. ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืื ื• ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื ืŸ ืขืœ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ื ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช: ืขืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื™ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžื’ื™ืข ืืฃ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืฉื ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืืงื“ืžืื™ืช. ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ 4 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ืชื—ืช ื ื˜ืœ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ 6-8 ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš. ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉ"ืก ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื•ืš โ€“ ื™ืฉื ื” ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ื•ื’ื•ืจืคืช. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืฉืœืžืช ืฉื›ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜โ€”ื—ื•ืœืฉื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช. ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื ื“ื˜ื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•. ืขื ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ, ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ื— ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”.  ืžื˜ืจืชื ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื™ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘.

ืžืฉืคื˜ ืžืื•ื–ืŸ: ืื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช-ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจื•ื— . ืื ื• ื’ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ืฉืœื˜ ื–ื” ืฉื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื‘ืขืœืช ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืืœ, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืฉืงืคืช ื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืขืจื›ื™  ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื™ืฉืงืคื• ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืžืื•ื–ืŸ ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™. ื–ืืช ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืงืฅ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื  ืžืžื ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื.

ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžืื•ื–ื ืช: ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื–ื ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื™ื•ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช. ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืžืขื•ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื™-ืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ: ืื ื• ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืžืžืขืจื‘ ืœื™ืจื“ืŸ. ื‘โ€ืฉื•ืง ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชโ€ ื”ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขื“ ื›ื” ืฉื ื™ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“: ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืื• ืกื™ืคื•ื— ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื. ืœื“ืขืชื ื•, ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืื™ื ื ื™ืฉื™ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ   ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื—ืคืฆื” ื‘ื™ื•โ€ืฉ ืืœื ื‘ื›ืœ  , ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื”: http://bit.ly/wFaSb8.

ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ืฆื”โ€ืœ: ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”โ€ืœ ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื . ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ืขื•ื“ืคืช ื•ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื–ื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืžืืœ ืคื•ืกื˜ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื™ืฉ-ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื‘ืฆืœื ื•ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™-ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช: ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืฉืœ  ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ , ืืš ืœื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื™ืชื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจืคืกื•ืช, ืืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“: ืืจืฅ  ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื โ€ืš, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืขื ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืœืฉื’ืฉื’.   ื”ื™ื ืื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื˜ืืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื‘ ื”ืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ื”ืื™ืกืœืืžื™.

ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืืจืฅ:  ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช  ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืงื ื”. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืืจืฅ: ื‘ื ื’ื‘, ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ื‘ืงืขื”, ื‘ืขืจื‘ื”, ื‘ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืŸ. ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืžืชืŸ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื–ื•.

ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืœื”:   ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื ืจืง ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”, ืืœื ื’ื  ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื  ืžืžืขื˜ืช ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœืžืขื˜ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ "ืชื’ืœื™ืช", ืื™ื ื ื• ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื™ืžื ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืขื ืฉืœื ื•. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.

ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”:   ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ืฆื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื "ืš ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื—ืงื™ืงื” ื“ืชื™ืช ื•ืžื—ืงื™ืงื” ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ื›ื•ืคื”. ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื“ืจื’ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช:  ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืขืฆืžื” ื›ื ื•ืชื ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื“ืจื’ ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช .  ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘  ื”ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื— ื•ื ืคืขืœ ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื›ืš. ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ื ื ื•: ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื™ื•ื ื–ื”, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืฉื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื”.

ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™: ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืขืจืš ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ  . ืื ื• ื’ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชื•ืจื”, ืืš ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžืคื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืฆื“ืง ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื’ืœ  ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.

ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™: ื›ื™ื•ื   ืฉื•ื’ื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ื’ื” ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืกืชื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืžื“ืช , ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืžืคืœื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช. ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืคื•ืš. ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื’ื™ืก ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืช .

ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ื:    ืžืื‘ื“ืช ืืช ืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ื ื’ื‘. ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืื“ืžื•ืช, ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ  ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื ืคืขืœ ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืง ื•ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœ, ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื“ืžื•ืช ืœืœื ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื.

ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื’ืœ ื”ืžืกืชื ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ :   ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื›ืช  ืฉืœ ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืืคืจื™ืงื”. ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจื™ืชืจื™ืื” ื•ืกื•ื“ืืŸ ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ โ€“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืคืจื ืกื” . ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ืขืฆืจื• ืื•ืชื. ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ โ€“ ื”ืคืกืงืช  . ืื ื”"ืคืจืก" ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื ื”ืจื” ื™ื™ืขืœื, ื’ื ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ืชื™ืคืกืง. ื”ืคืกืงื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ืชืขืกื•ืงืช ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื  ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืœืš ืงืฉื” ื•ืืฃ ืื›ื–ืจื™. ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”. ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืกืชื ื ื™ื ืžืืคืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื.
ืžืจืฆ ื”ื™ื  ื”ืฉืžืืœ ืฉืœ , ื•ืฉืžืืœ ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ืฉืœื•ื, ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™, ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื•ื—ืœื•ืงืชื™.

ืžืจืฆ ืžื ื™ืคื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื’ืœื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื: ืžื“ื™ื ื™, ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™-ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™. ืžืจืฆ ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช 2013 ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœืžื”, ื”ื’ื•ืจืกืช ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ืชืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื’ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื” ืฉืฉืœื•ื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”. ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื™, ื•ืœื ืชื™ืชื›ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื”  ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืžื•ื ืขืช ืืคืœื™ื” ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื“ืช, ืžื’ื“ืจ, ื’ื–ืข ื•/ืื• ืžื•ืฆื.

ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™, ืžืจืฆ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ   ื”ื•ื ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืชืชืงื™ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืœืฆื“  . ืขืœ  ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืœื™ื’ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืงืจืื” ืœืคื™ื•ืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ืœ. ืขืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืžื™ื•ื–ืžืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ื•ืœืœื ืชื ืื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืงื” ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืฅ ืœืกื›ืกื•ืš ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืกื›ืกื•ืš ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช 1967, ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืงืคืืช ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ืช, ืœื‘ืœ ืชืชืžืžืฉ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ ืื—ื•ืจื”.

ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื• ื”ืคืจื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ืžื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ. ืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ื ื• ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ ื“ื• ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ.

ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ - ืžืจืฆ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“  ืœื›ื•ื ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงืช. ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืžื•ื“ืข ื•ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื–ืง ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืคื’ืข ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื.  ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื” ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™. ืžืžืฉืœืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื“ื•ืจืกื ื™ืช, ืฉืืคืฉืจื” ืœืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื•ื— ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื•.

ืžืจืฆ ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช โ€“ ื”ื•ื’ื ืช, ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื•ืฉืงื•ืคื”. ืžืจืฆ ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ  ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืขื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื, ืขื ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื. ืžืจืฆ ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง  ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื›ื•ื—ื ื•ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ. ืžืจืฆ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืจื• ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช.

ืžืจืฆ  ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ืฉื™ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืง, ืœืžื”ืคื›ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช  ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืื•ืชื ื”ื™ื ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืกืคืง; ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคืจื•ืคื•ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืืœื™ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื—ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืชื ื™ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ื”.

ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ -ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ - ืžืจืฆ ืชืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืžืชื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืคืฉื™ื–ื ืฉืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืื ื˜ื™ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื•ื‘ื”ืฆืจืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžื—ืื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™.

ืžืจืฆ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื’ื•ืจืกืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื“ืช ืž ื•ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“: ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื•ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื”ื, ื”ืฉืงืคืชื, ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ื•ืืžื•ื ืชื. ืžืจืฆ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžื•ืจืฉืช  ื•ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื•ืœื”ื•ื•ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ืืš ืœื ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืื• ื ื•ืจืžื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคืชื•ื— ืœืงื“ืžื”, ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื•ืœืžื—ืงืจ.

ืžืจืฆ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืคืฉืจ ื‘ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืืคืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื ื’ื“ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื, ืžืจืฆ  ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ื›ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืœืžืžืฉ ื•ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืคืชื•.ืžืจืฆ  ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” , ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื•ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ , ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ ืžืื•ืชื• ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื”.

ืžืจืฆ ืชื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ื“ืจืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžื›ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืืคืœื™ื™ืชืŸ ื”ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. 

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžืจืฆ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ืฆื“ืง ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืœื™ื”ื, ื’ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื. ืžืจืฆ ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช, ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืžื•ืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื—, ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื, ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ืงื•ืชื ื•ืกื‘ืœื.

ืžืจืฆ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื”, ื• ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืขืจื›ื™, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ . 

ืžืจืฆ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช, ื•ืจื•ืื” ืกื›ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื™ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื•ืŸ ืœื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.  ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื ืขื•ืฅ ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง,  ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืงื•ื ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉืชื“ืœื ื™ื.ืกื‘ื :
ืจืง ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช: ืืฉืจื™ื ื•
ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืจืง "ืืฉืจื™ื ื•",
ืจืง ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช โ€“ "ืืฉืจื™ื ื•", "ืืฉืจื™ื ื•", "ืืฉืจื™ื ื•"
ืืฉืจื™ื ื• ืฉื–ื›ื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืœื“ืขืช ืžืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืžื‘ืจืกืœื‘. ื•ืžื›ื— ื–ื” ื™ื™ืกื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ืขื”: "ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื โ€“ ื  ื ื—". ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืืจืช ื“ืขืชื• ื•ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืจ'  ื“ื‘ ืื•ื“ืกืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื”ื™ืงืจ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืžื‘ืจืกืœื‘, ืื ื• ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื“ืขืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื‘ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืœืขื  [ื‘ืขืจื•ืฅ 1]: "ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืงื˜ื ื™ืโ€ฆ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื™ื โ€“ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื" ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืื ื• ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื• ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื™ืขื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขืžื™ื ื• ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. ื‘ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืืชื ื• ืžืฉืžื—ื™ื ืืช ืขื  ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื›ื•ืจ ืžื—ืฆื‘ืชื•, ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื•ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ ื”ืืžืช ื•ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื . ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช. ืื ื• ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื ืชื•ืŸ ืขื  ื•ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ืขืžื• ื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืื•ืชื™ื• ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื—ืฅ.
ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื ื• :
โ€ข ื”ืกื™ืขื” ืื™ื ื ื” ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ืืœื ื‘ืขื“ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขื  ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช, ื•ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
โ€ข ืื ื• ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื•ืจืื•ื™ื”.
โ€ข ื”ืกื™ืขื” ื ื˜ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื’ื•ืคื™ ืื• ืžืžืกื“ื™ (ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืื ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ื–ืจื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื) ื‘ืื ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืขืœื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืฆื“ืง ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ื’ื ืช.
ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืขื”:
โ€ข ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื: ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืช ืœื›ื ืกืช, ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžื”ื ื—ืœ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื›ืžื” ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืžื‘ืจืกืœื‘ (ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื”ืฉืžื—ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืคืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช)
โ€ข ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืชื—ื–ืง, ื›ืš ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื, ืืช ืขื , ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ- ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื.
โ€ข ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืขื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจืฉืžื•: ืืžื•ื ื”, ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืฉืžื—ื”, ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš  ืกื‘ื.
ืžืฆืข ื›ืœืœื™:
ืื ื• ืžืฆื”ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืžืžืฉ ืžืฆืข ื–ื” ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื, ืืš ืžืคื ื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ืื ื• ื ื–ื”ืจื™ื ืžืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืข ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉ  ืชืฉื™ื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื : ื  ื ื— ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืขื  ื•ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืžื—ื”.
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™-ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™
ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื (ื›ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•) ืฉื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืืžื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืขื  ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ ื•ื”ื ืืœื• ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื•, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ .
ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืฆื— ืืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื•ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ืจื™ ื˜ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ืจ . โ€“ ื™ืจื™ ืœื“ืจื•ื ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ืžื• ื™ืจื™ ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ.
ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืฉืฉืžื” ืœื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืœืคื’ืข ื‘ื ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื” ืืชื ื•.
ื ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืฉื” ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื ืื” ืœื–ืจ ืืš ื•ืจืง ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ืจ.
  ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ืœืคื’ื•ืข , ื•ืืช ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ , ืœื”ื’ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืงืœ ืžืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื•ืœืฉืคืจื.
ื™ืฉ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” . ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื• ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืžืืฉืจ ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ื”ืื•ื™ื‘. ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืœื•ื  (ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช) ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืง ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ื”ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ . ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื’ื ืœืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™.
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™
ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื•ื”ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ . ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ " ืจื•ื•ื—ื”" โ€“ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื ื•ื— ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื”.
ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืฉืง ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ ืข"ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง.
ืžื”ืคื›ืช ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจ ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื.
ืื ื• ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืง: ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื—ืฅ. ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื” ืœืชืžื™ื›ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื, ื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื ื•. ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ืคื• ื•ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉ  ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื•ืขืจ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ ื”ืืžืช ื•ืžืฉื ืชื.
ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉ  ืชื—ื ืš ืœืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื—ื•ืงื™ . ื•ืฉื›ืœ ื ืขืจ ืžืชื‘ื’ืจ ื™ืฆื ืœืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื—ื•ืงื™  ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื“ื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ (ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื™ืขื“)
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื”.
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืœื ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ืื—ืช ืฉืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื•ืฆื™ื, ืžื—ืœืงืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื”, ืžืขืžื™ืกื” ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื ืขืช ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช. ื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”  ืฉืชืจืฆื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื” ืขืจื•ืฅ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช โ€“ ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง.
ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืชื ื• ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกืžื™ื, ืื ื• ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœื’ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื ื”ืงืœื™ื ืชืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื™ืžื ืข ื”ื‘ืจื—ื” ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ื ืžื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขื•ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื•: ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืคืœื™ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืงืœื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืกืžื™ื ืงืœื™ื. ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ืื ื• ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืื–ืจื—ื™  ืœื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื”, ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ืโ€ฆ
ื’ื ื ืฆื™ื’ ื•ื ืืžืฅ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–, ื•ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื, ืžืืฉืจ ืกืžื™ื, ื•ืฉื”ืกื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื•ื”ืชื ืขืจื•ืช ืžืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื.
ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื,   ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ืœืฉื›ื ื™ื”. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืœื "ืกื“ื•ื", ืื ื• ื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ืง ื•ืœืงื“ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืžื ื™ืช ื’ื ื›ืœืคื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื”, ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื”, ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ื“ื•ื›ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื”- ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœืžืชืŸ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ. ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื: ืคื™ื ื•ืช ืงืคื” ื•ืขื•ื’ื” ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™) ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื”ืื–ืจื— ื ืืœืฅ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื•.
ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืงืชื™ ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™
ืื ื• ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ื›ื ืกืช, ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืกื•ืจื‘ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืข ืžื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืžื ื™ืขื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื, ืœืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ืงื™ืงืชื™ ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฆื“ืง, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื•ืืžื™ืชื™.
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืจืขื ืŸ ื•ืœืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื , ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื.
ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืฆืขื‘"ื—
ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื•. ื™ืฉ ืœืงื“ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื
ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกื‘ืกื“ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืžื•ืฆืจื™ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื’ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื—ื™ื.
ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ื™ื.
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืžืคืขืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืœื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืกื’ืจื• ืข"ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ .
ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
ืื ื• ื ื’ื“ ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื, ืื ื• ื‘ืขื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื“ื™,
ื ืฉืืฃ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ (ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืืžืจ : ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ)
ื ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉืงืจ (ื•ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžืื™ื–ื” ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื•ื) ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช (ืจ' ื ื—ืžืŸ) "ื‘ืœื™ ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื". ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื‘ื : "ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืืžืช", "ืฉืงืจ ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื ื ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืจื™ื— ืฉืœื•".
"ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ื›ื ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”. ืœื—ื–ืง ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™, ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™"


ืื•ืจ - ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ืช ื”ื•ืžื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช

"ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื ืฉืงืฃ ืœื”ื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื•ืฉืจ [...] ืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ. [...] ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื• ืื• ื‘ื›ืคื™ืจืชื•" [ืชื™ืื•ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจืฆืœ, ืžืชื•ืš " ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื"].

ื—ื–ื•ืŸ

 ืื•ืจ ืฉื•ืืคืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืื•ืจื” ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืืžื ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืจื•ื— ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช, ื•ืืฉืจ ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื.

ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“  

ื.  ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืคืœื’ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื–ื, ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ . ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœืฆืงืช ืืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื›ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื–ื•ืœืชื•.

ื‘. ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช, ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื–ื ื•ื”ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ื–ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืขืจื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ ืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื” ืœื ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช.  ืื•ืจ ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืžืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื•ืชืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืžืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืคื•ื ื” ืืœ ื›ืœ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” , ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื-ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ืชื™ื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื ื›ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื”ื ืœืื—ื“ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช:

1.   ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืชื—ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืื—ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.

2.   ื”ืคืจื“ืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืž.

3.   ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—.

 

ืกืขื™ืคื™ ื”ืžืฆืข

ื. ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืžื“ืข ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช
ืœื™ื‘ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš - ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื ื

ื.1.  ืชื—ื•ืงืง ื•ืชืžืžืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื ื, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื›ืœ, ืœืœื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืงืคื” ื“ืชื™ืช, ืžื’ื“ืจ, ืžื•ืฆื ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื›ืœื›ืœื™. ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื–ื” ื™ืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ , ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช ืฉืชื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ื•ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืขืฆืžืื™ ื”ืžื›ืœื›ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืคืœ ืœื ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื—ื•ืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืžืžืŸ ื’ื ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืื•ืชื” ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ื‘ื”, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืชื›ื ื™ื ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื ืืœื” ืœื ื™ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืกืชื™ืจื” ืœืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™, ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืคืœื•ืจืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ืฉืœ .

 

 ืื•ืจ ืชืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื• ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืจืžืช ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืคืชื—ื• ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืžื—ืงืจ, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืœื ืืžื ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช (ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื“ืจื•ื–ื™ืช ื•ืฆ'ืจืงืกื™ืช), ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืงืจื‘ ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•. ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉืคื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ.

 

ื.2  ืื•ืจ  ืœื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืœืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื ืคืขืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช, ืœืงื“ื ื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื• ื•ืœื”ืงื ื•ืช ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื• ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.

 

ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืžื“ืข

ื.3.  ืื•ืจ  ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”. "ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”", ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื ื›ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื” ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ .

 

ื.4.  ืื•ืจ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืข  ืชื ืื™ ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ  , ืœืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ  ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ืขื™  ืขืœ ืขื ืคื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ  ืœืžื•ืงื“ ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื.

 

ืชืจื‘ื•ืช

ื.5.  ืื•ืจ  ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืข ื–ื”.

 

ื‘. ื”ืคืจื“ืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืž

ื‘.1. ื”ืคืจื“ืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืž ื”ื™ื ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืงื™ื•ืžื• ื”ื•ื ืชื ืื™ ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ.

ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืชื ืื™ ืžืงื“ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™  ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ  ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช ืื• ืœืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชื”. ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืงื™ื•ื ืคื•ืœื—ื ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื ืืกื•ืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื•ืจื ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช-ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ .  ื”ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืœืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช, ื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ืช ื’ื ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื• ืฉืœื•, ื•ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื”ืคืจื“ืชืŸ ืžืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช  ื”ืจืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื•ืงื™ื”. ืชืคืงื™ื“  ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื“ืช ื”ื•ื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืฉื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื›ืš, ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื—ื•ืคืฉ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื–ื•ืœืช.

ื‘.2.  ืื•ืจ  ืœื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื“ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืžื“ืช.

ื‘.3. ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื• ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื—ื™ืจื•ืชื•, ืื• ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.

ื‘.4. ืœืื•ื  ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืื•ื ื”ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืจืฉื ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื•ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื.

ื‘.5. ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืจื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืžื“ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื›ืš. ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ  ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื–ื.

ื‘.6. ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ   ืœื ื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื (ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืช ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื”, "ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ"; ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื—ืžืฅ ื‘ืคืกื—), ืœืžืขื˜ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ.

ื‘.7. ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ืžื ื•ื—ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื™ื•ื ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืง ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“.

ื‘.8. ืชืชืืคืฉืจ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื—ื’ื™ื.

ื‘.9. ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืื–ืจื— ื‘  ืœื ืชื•ืชื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื•ืจ.

ื‘.10. ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ืžื˜ืขืžื™ ืžื™ืŸ, ื’ื–ืข, ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช ืื• ื“ืช. ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉืขืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื ("ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ"), ื›ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืžื’ื™ืœืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•"ื, ืขืœื™ื” ื—ืชื•ืžื”  .

 

ื’. ื—ื‘ืจื”

ื’.1.  ื ื›ื™ื

ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื”, ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื›ื™ื  ื•ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื•ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ืขืฆืžืช ื—ื•ืกื ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”.

ื’.2. ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™

ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื™, ื‘ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ื™ื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœื•. ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื™ื•ืžืจ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™, ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื, ืฉืชื›ื ื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœ. ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘).

 

ื“. ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

ื“.1. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช.  ืื•ืจ  ืœืžื ื•ืข ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื” ืžืฆื“ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ื•ืชืชืžื•ืš ืœืœื ืกื™ื™ื’ ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืื›ื™ืคืชื•.

ื“.2.  ืื•ืจ ืชื™ื–ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืกื‘ืœ ื•ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื’ืจืžื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜.

ื“.3.  ืื•ืจ  ืœื”ืฉืœืžืชื” ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื—ื•ืงื” ืœ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืข ื–ื”.

ื“.4.  ืื•ืจ  ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™  ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื” ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช.

ื”. ื›ืœื›ืœื”

ื”.1.  ืื•ืจ ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืฉืœ  ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”.

 ืื•ืจ ืžืฆื“ื“ืช ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื ื–ืงืงื™ื, ื‘ื—ืกืจื™ ื™ืฉืข, ื‘ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืขืฉื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ืฆืจื ื™ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ื™ื–ืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆืข  ื•ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก.

ื”.2. ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื‘ื ื” ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.

 

ื•. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืฉืœื•ื

ื•.1.  ืื•ืจ ืจื•ืื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืœ .  ืื•ืจ ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื”ืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™. ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืœ  ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื”.

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ื ืกืคื— ื': ืžืฆืข ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืฉืง ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื”

 

1.     ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ  ืื•ืจ

 

1. ื'      ืื•ืจ ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช:

ยท                   ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ .

ยท                   ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ  ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ.

 

1. ื‘'     ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉื ื ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืืฃ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช  ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืžืกื™ื, ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื”. ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ืจืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื (ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ืคืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืขื™ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืกืงื™ื™ื) ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช (ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื” ื ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ื”ื™ืฆืข ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื). ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ื‘ื˜ืจื ื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช , ื”ืื ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ื”ื ื’ืจืžื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื• ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื›ืš.

 

 

2.     ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™ - ืฆืขื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš ื•ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืงืฆืจ

 

2. ื'      ืื•ืจ ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืžื™ื“ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช , ื•ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.

 

2. ื‘'    ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื, ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™, ื”ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ื•ื”ืžืงื ื” ืœื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช, ืœืชืคืงื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืง  ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™, ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ืช.

 

2. ื’'     ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช  ืžื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” (ืœืžืฉืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื•ืช). ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื.

 

2. ื“'     ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื’ื ื‘ืฆืขื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ืœืช ืžืกื™ื ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื ืงืช ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืฉื•ืช. ืื•ืœื, ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื” ื‘ืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ืœื”ืฉืชื›ืจ ื•ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ,  ืื•ืจ ืžืขื“ื™ืคื”, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื•ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ืช ื•ืœื ืกืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉืงืฆื‘ืช ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืื—ื™ื“ื”, ื•ืœื ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื›ืืœื• ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ื ืกืชื ื‘ืขืช ื–ืงื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืื• ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืก ื”ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ.

 

2. ื”'    ืฆืขื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš, ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืžืฉืง . ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื”ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฆืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ 24 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื. ื”ืขืกืงื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื• ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉื›ืจื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ืืฃ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืงื‘ืข ื•ืื–ืจื—ื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื›ื— ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืงืœื˜ื• ืžื”ื’ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืœ"ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื". ืงืœื™ื˜ืชื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.

 

 

 

3.     ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ื” - ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช

 

3. ื'      ืื•ืจ ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืง ืฆื•ืžื— ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื” ื•ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™. ื”ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื ืื•ืชื”, ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื”, ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื‘ืžื™ืžื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืจืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.

 

3. ื‘'     ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื”ื ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ื•ื‘ืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื.

 

3. ื’'     ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช:

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืกืงืœื™ืช ืื—ืจืื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืขื“ ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ 1 ืื—ื•ื– ืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง  ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ืช, ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš.

 

3. ื“'     ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืง:

ยท                           ืื•ืจ  ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉืง ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉื•ืงื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื™.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘  ื•ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื›ื ืชื•, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืงื™ืคื•ืช.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืกืงื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืง,  ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืชื•ืš ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื• ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื  ืžืžืžื ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—, ื”ื™ื ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœืžืžืŸ ืื•ืชื ื•ืœืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืืš  ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื, ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื–ืืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—.

ยท                           ืื•ืจ ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ, ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืงืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ , ื•ื”ืžืฉืš ื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื” ื•ืœื”ื–ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ.

 

3. ื”'     ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช:

ยท                           ืื•ืจ ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื•ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืกื—ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื‘ื•ื ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืžืฉืง.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ืืš ื’ื ืžืกืคืจ ืœื ืžื•ืขื˜ ืฉืœ ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช. ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช, ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื•ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

 

 

4.     ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื™ื

 

4. ื'      ืื•ืจ ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื•ื’ื ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืžืก ืฉื•ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื›ื‘ื“ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช. ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ, ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžืก ื”ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืœ-44 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœ-25 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2010.

 

4. ื‘'     ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื™ืกืงืœื™ (ืœืžืฉืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ) ื™ืืคืฉืจ ื–ืืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ื”ืคื—ืชื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืก, ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื• ื‘ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื•ืช, ืชืชื ื’ื“ ืœื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžื™ืกื•ื™ "ื™ืจื•ืง" ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื•ื‘ืžืกื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช. ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืžืกื™ื ืืœื• ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืก ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”.

 

4. ื’'     ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉ ืื•ืจ ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืืคืœื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืื“ื ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืขื“ืคื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจื™ื• ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืื“ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ื ืกื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื•, ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื• ืœื“ื™ืจื” ืื• ืžื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื’.

 

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5.     ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช

 

5. ื'      ืื•ืจ ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.

 

5. ื‘'     ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชืชืžื•ืš, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ื™ื’ื“ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ื™ืฆืžืฆืžื• ืื•ืชื”, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืืคืก:

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื›ืš ืฉ ืชืกืคืง ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื“ื™ืœ 3 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื‘ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืงื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืื• ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช. ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืชืกืคืง ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— . ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืชื ืฆืœื ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื”, ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืžืœื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื’ื™ืœืื™ ืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื’ื ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›โ€‘0.9 ืื—ื•ื– ืชื•ืฆืจ (ื›-6.3 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ โ‚ช ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืฉื ืช 2008). ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืจืก ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื™ื•ืงื“ื ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืœื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืชืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืข ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื’ื ืžืฉืจืชืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ื’ื ื ืขื ืฉืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœืฉืจืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืชืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ืžื“ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืชืžื˜ื•ืช. ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื•ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื, ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›-0.7 ืื—ื•ื– ืชื•ืฆืจ (ื›โ€‘5 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ โ‚ช ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืฉื ืช 2008). ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืจืก ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื™ื•ื’ื“ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืžืฉืง.

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžโ€‘13.5 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ืชื•ืฆืจ (ื›-95 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ โ‚ช ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืฉื ืช 2008) ืœ-12.6 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ืชื•ืฆืจ - ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 0.9 ืื—ื•ื– ืชื•ืฆืจ. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”, ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืคื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื’ืคื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื•ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” (ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื’ื™ื•ืก ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžื˜ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื) ื•ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช ืž, ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืฉืœ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ .

ยท                          ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœืŸ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”, ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืงืฆื‘ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœืงืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื•ืš ื›-0.7 ืื—ื•ื– ืชื•ืฆืจ (ื›-5 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ โ‚ช ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ืฉื ืช 2008). ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ

ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื—"ื› ืืจื™ื” ืืœื“ื“ ื•ื—"ื› ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืŸ-ืืจื™

ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืžืฆืข ืžื“ื™ื ื™, ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™, ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™

 

ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืจืฆื•

1.    ืืจืฅ  ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืชื• ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืื– ื•ืžืงื“ื. ืกื™ืขืช "ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ" ืžืฆื”ื™ืจื” ืฉื–ื›ื•ืชื ื• ืขืœ ืืจืฅ  ืื™ื ื ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืขืจืขื•ืจ, ื•ืžื›ืจื™ื–ื” ืฉืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื–ื›ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืช ืืœืคื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ  ืœืขื“.

2.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ืชื—ื•ืงืง ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื‘ืื” ื—ื•ืง ื›ื–ื”.

3.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ ืฉื•ืœืœืช ืžื›ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืฆื“   ืžืžืขืจื‘ ืœื™ืจื“ืŸ.

4.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืื•ืกืœื•, ื•ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ื•"ื— ืื“ืžื•ื ื“ ืœื•ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœืช .

5.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจ,

6.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง "ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ" ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื โ€“ ืงืจื™: ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ืืฉ"ืฃ.

7.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื’ืื•ืœืช ืื“ืžืช ืืจืฅ  ื›ื•ืœื” ื•ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจื” ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื.

8.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ ืชื—ื•ืงืง ืืช ื—ื•ืง "ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช" ื›ืฉืคื” ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ .

9.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ืžืกืชื ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื.

 

ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ืงืœื™ื˜ื”

1.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉ  ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื, ื• ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื•ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืืจืฅ .

2.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืชื ื•ืคื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช . ื”ืกื™ืขื” ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ , ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช   ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื•ืฉืžื“.

3.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœื”ืขื ืงืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืขื ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช.

4.    ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงื”  ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืขืœื™ื™ื”, ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ .

ืกื™ืขืช ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืœ  ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ืงืœื™ื˜ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื›ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื ืขื•ื“ื“ ื”ืงืžืช ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื”ื ื•ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื•ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ื™ื.

 

ื—ื™ื ื•ืšื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื™ืกื•ื“ โ€“  ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื

 

ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ, ื•ืขื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช โ€“ ืื ื• ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื ืืช  ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืคืจื˜, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”, ื”ืžื™ื“ืข, ื”ื”ืขืชืงื” ื•ื”ื”ืคืœื’ื”.

ืœืืจืฅ  ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื“ื. ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžืื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื’ื•ืช, ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื”ืจื•ื— ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉื˜ื”  ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื.

 ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื  ืœืœื ืœืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ื— ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช, ืคืชื•ื—ื”, ื ื’ื™ืฉื”, ืฉืงื•ืคื” ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืงื•ืžื” ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ  ื•ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.

ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื”ืขืชืงื”, ืฉื›ืคื•ืœ ืื• ืฉื›ืœื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื ื•, ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืขืชืงื”, ืฉื›ืคื•ืœ ื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื, ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช.

 ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื™ื“ ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื, ื’ื•ืฃ ืื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ ืื• ืื—ืจ, ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื™ืคื”, ืฆื•ื“ืงืช, ืคืชื•ื—ื”, ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจืช.

 

ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื โ€“ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“

 
ืœืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืกื™ืขืช ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”-19
ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืื—ืจื•ื ื” โ€“ 22 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2012
ื”ื“ื’ืœื™ื ~ PageLines- favIphone.png

ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืจื˜ื™ื” โ€“ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช ื”ืžื ื•ื”ืœืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืžืขื ื•. ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื”ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืจืœื‘ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช.

ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืขืœืืช ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื•ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื ื›ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช.

ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™, ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื.

ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื–ื•ืœืช.

ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื•.

ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ื—ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœโ€ฆ

    ื”ืขืœืืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’, ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.

    ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜.

    ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื™ื’ื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืœื ื™ื ืฆื™ื—ื• ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื, ื‘ืœืชื™-ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื•ืžื“ื›ืื™-ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.

    ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื—ื™ื ื ืœื›ืœ ื›ื–ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช.

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื.

ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืจื˜ื™ื”:ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช

ื“ื™ื•ืŸ: ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื• ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช. ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช, ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ืช.

ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”: ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื•. ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืขืœ-ื‘ืกื™ืก ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช, ืืœื  ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื›ืœื™ ืœืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”. ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื™ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื”ืžื›ืจืขืช. ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืชืคื•ืจืกื ืขื ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.

ื”ืืฆืœืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”: ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืขื™ืœ, ืื• ืœื™ื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ื— ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื ืฆื™ื’.

ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช: ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื ืฆื™ื’ ื•ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื™ื™ืคื•ื™ื™ ื›ื— ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืžืกื•ื™ื.

ื›ื— ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”: ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืคืœื’ื” ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื™ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืงืœื•ืœ ื›ื— ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื›ื—ื‘ืจ, ื”ืžื•ืืฆืœ ื•ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”.

 
ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”
1. ื—ื‘ืจ/ืช ืžืคืœื’ื”:ืคื™ืจืื˜

    ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—  ืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ 17 ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื”.

    ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื— ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื”.

    ืœื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ืฆื™ื’.

    ื›ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื•ืกื—ื” % , ื›ืืฉืจ N ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชื ื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”. ืขื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืชื• ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืคืœื’ื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื›ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืฉื ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืื• ื”ืืฆืœืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.

    ื”ืฆื‘ืขืช ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ ื”ื™ื ื” ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ืช, ืืœื ืื ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืื—ืจืช.

    ืคื™ืจืื˜ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื ืฆื™ื’. ื”ืฆื‘ืขืชื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ื•ื›ืœ ืคื™ืจืื˜ ืื—ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืืฆื™ืœ ืœื• ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.

    ื”ืงื•-ื”ืื“ื•ื:  * ืœื ืชืคื’ืข * ืœื ืชืจืฉืข * ืœื ืชืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ * ืœื ืชืฉืžื™ืฅ * ืœื ืชืชืžื ืื™ื™ืง

2. ื”ืืกื™ืคื”:ื”ืกืคื™ื ื”

    ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ืชื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื (ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”).

    ืื—ืช ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืกืคื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืขืฉืจื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ื•ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ ืื—ื“.

3. ื”ืžืจื›ื–:ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ

    ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขื“ 120 ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ: ืžืœื—ื™ื.

    ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ืจืืฉื™ ืกื ื™ืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื”.

    ื›ืœ ืคื™ืจืื˜ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืกื™ืคื•ืŸ.

    ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ืขืฉืจื” ืžืœื—ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืœ 120 ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื™ืขืžื“ื• ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”.

    ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘-33% ืžื›ื— ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”, ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืžืœื— ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื›ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ % ื›ืืฉืจ S ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื.

    ื”ืžืœื—ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžืฉ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื•ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืืจ ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื, ืœื”ืืฆื™ืœื ื”ืœืื” ื•ื›ื•'. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื›ื— ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขื ืขืœื™ื™ืชื ืœืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื ื™ืฆืŸ ืœื”ืืฆืœื”.

4. ื”ื ื”ืœื”:ื’ืฉืจ-ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“

    ืขืœ ื’ืฉืจ-ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื• 12 ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืจื ื˜ื™ื™ื.

    ื”ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ืฆื’ื• ืืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืžืœื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืชื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื•.

    ืขื ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ืœืกื™ืคื•ืŸ, ื›ืœ ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื›ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ 2.75%. ื›ืš, ืœื’ืฉืจ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืฉืœ-33%.

    ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืขืžื“ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ ืื—ื“. ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืœ 12 ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ืขืžื“ื• ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”.

    ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื’ืฉืจ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื”: ื™ื•ืฉื‘-ืจืืฉ, ืกื’ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉื‘-ืจืืฉ, ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื•ืžื–ื›"ืœ.

    ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื’ืฉืจ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ืชืชื•ืขื“ ื•ื™ื™ืจืฉืžื• ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื.

    ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”.

ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื ื™ื˜ื™ื

    ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ืกื‘ืจื”, ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื˜ื— ื•ื›ื•'.

    ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

    ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืคืจื˜, ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช, ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ.

    ื”ืขืœืืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื.

    ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื.

    ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืฉืช"ืค ื•ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช.

    ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื•'.

 
ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช

ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ื™ืคืชื—ื• ื•ื™ืžืฆื• ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงืจื˜ื™ืช. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013, ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ืืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช: ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื ื–ื™ืœ ื•ืžืคืช ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื ื–ื™ืœ โ€“ ืœื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื“ ืคื™ื“ื‘ืง

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”"ืœื™ืงื•ื•ื™ื“ ืคื™ื“ื‘ืง" ื”ื ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืงื•ื“-ืคืชื•ื— ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืงื• ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”"ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื ื–ื™ืœื”", ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ืขืœืืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืจืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.

 
ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช

ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜/ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—, ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžืคื”. ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ืคืชื•ื—, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื“ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.

 ืฆื ื•ืœืžื“ ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉ"ืก ืœืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช!.
ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชื”ื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืฆืข ืจื‘ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ืขืžื•ืก ืืฉืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื”ื ื”ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ืœื• ืจืง ื™ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœืฉืœืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืืช ืคืชืงื ืืช ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืงืœืคื™. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืช ืืฉืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืข ืจื•ื‘ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืืœื ื”ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืœื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช.

ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉ"ืก ืžืชื‘ืกืกื™ื ื‘ืžืœื•ืื ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืชื "ืš, ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื•ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื.

ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืฉ"ืก ื—ื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆืข ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื•ืฉืขื” ืฉืขื”. ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื.
ืฉ"ืก ื—ื™ื” ืืช ืžืฆืขื” ื ื•ืฉืžืช ืื•ืชื• ื•ืคื•ืขืœืช ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื›ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืืœื”, ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืื• ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื“ืชื™ ื›ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื” ืœืคื ื™ ืžืจืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื•ืืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืจื” ืื•ืชื• ืชืขืฉื”!

ืžืฆืข ื›ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ืžืกื•ืจืช ื•ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื›ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืฉื ื” ืœืฉื ื” ืื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืจืง ืืช ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืขื  ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื•.

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžืกืชืคืงืช ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืกืžืš ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื“ืชื™. ืžืกืžืš ืืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืชืจืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืืคืช ืœื”ื ื—ื™ืœ ืœืื–ืจื—ื™  ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื›ื™ ืจืง ืชื•ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืœืžืฉืขืŸ ื•ืœืžื’ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœื ื• ื’ื ืขืชื”.
ื”ืžืกืžืš ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜:

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฉืชื™ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช

    ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืขื˜ืจื” ืœื™ื•ืฉื ื”
    ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ 


ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ   ื› ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื”ืžื•ืฉืชืชืช ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืช .

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืฉื•ืืคืช ืœืงื‘ืฅ ืืช ื›ืœ ื ื™ื“ื—ื™  ืžื›ืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ืืจืฅ .


"ืžืžื–ืจื— ืื‘ื™ื ื–ืจืขืš ื•ืžืžืขืจื‘ ืืงื‘ืฆืš. ืื•ืžืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืŸ ืชื ื™, ื•ืœืชื™ืžืŸ ืืœ ืชื›ืœืื™, ื”ื‘ื™ืื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืจื—ื•ืง ื•ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ ืžืงืฆื” ื”ืืจืฅ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•, ืž"ื’)

ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื
ืฉ"ืก ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” . ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•, ื‘ืื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ื•ืฉื•ืืคืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขื ืฉื›ื ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ ืž.
ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืชื›ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืขื .
ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื ื•ืฉื ืœืžื™ืงื•ื— ืื• ืœื—ืœื•ืงื”.


ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
"ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืœืžื“ื™ ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืœืš ื•ืคืœืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื™ืจ ื•ืขื™ืจ... ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืืœื ื‘ื”ื‘ืœ ืคื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ืŸ" (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืค"ื‘).

"ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื›ื ื•ื—ื›ื  ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื... ืฉื ืืžืจ:'ื•ืฉื™ื ื ืชื ืœื‘ื ื™ืš'. ืžืคื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื” ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ื ื™ืš - ืืœื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ืš" (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ืค"ื).

ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืืช ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืจืืฉ. ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื ื ื”ืžื ื•ืฃ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช ื•ืœืงื™ื•ื  . ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื•ื”ื ื—ืœืชื• ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ , ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื™ืชืจื•ื ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืกื•ืกื ื• ื›ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื›ืขื ื”ื™ื•ื ืง ื™ื“ืข ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื ืžืชื•ืจืช  ื•ืžืžืกื•ืจืชื• ื”ืžืคื•ืืจืช. ื”ื›ืจืช ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื ื—ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื“ื•ืช , ื™ืชืจืžื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆืื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ื”ืžืจื›ื–.
ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช.
ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื›ืจื.
ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื—ื™ื ื ืžื’ื™ืœ ื”ื’ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื
ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžืœืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช.
ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื”ื–ื ื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืžื›ืœ ื”ื–ืจืžื™ื, ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจ ื•ืจืืฉ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ืกืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข.


ื›ืœื›ืœื”
ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื”  ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช ื”ืžืืžืฆืช ื•ืžืงื“ืฉืช ืืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืจืคืช ืžืื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ , ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื›ื— ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”, ื•ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ืฆื“ืงื”, ื—ืžืœื” ื•ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื”ื•ื—ืจืคื” ืชื•ืคืขืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกื‘ืœ ื‘ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. ื›ืœ ืืœื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™. ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื ืฉื—ืงื” ืžืื“.

ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื™ืขื“ ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ื™ืขื“ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช.
ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืจืฉืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ืคื ืกื™ื” ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžืžืขื’ืœ .
ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื ื•ืฃ ืœื”ื ืขืช ื’ืœื’ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืง ื•ืœื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืœืžืฉืชื›ืจื™ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง ืœื›ืœืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžื”ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื•ืœืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืžืก.
ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื, ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืฉืžื™ื ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื" ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืืœื” ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ.


ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
"ื™ื’ื™ืข ื›ืคื™ืš ื›ื™ ืชืื›ืœ, ืืฉืจื™ืš ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืš" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื›"ื—)
"ืžืขืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืจื ืก ืžืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ื•"
(ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืค"ื’)

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”. ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืชื ืื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืชื ืื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื›ื™ื•ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืงื• ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื. ื”ื ืžื ื•ืฆืœื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืคืง ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื•ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช ื‘- 25%
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื— ืื“ื.
ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื’ื•ืจืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืงืฆื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ .
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื›ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืคื ืกื™ื”.


ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืžื ื™ืขืชื•
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืกื•ืก   ื› ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืืจื™ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช. ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืื–ืจื— ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ืชื•, ื•ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ืžืขืจืš ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™, ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืœื‘  ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื—ืงื™ืงืช ืกืœ ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืกืคืงืช ืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืœื“, ื–ืงืŸ, ื ื›ื” ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ื”.


ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช
"ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ืฉืžืขื ื• ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืž ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”" (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืชื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื, ืค"ื˜)
"ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœื™ืชืŸ ืฆื“ืงื”, ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืขื ื™... ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืคืชื•ื— ืชืคืชื— ืืช ื™ื“ืš ืœื•' ื•ื ืืžืจ 'ื•ื”ื—ื–ืงืช ื‘ื• ื’ืจ ื•ืชื•ืฉื‘ ื•ื—ื™ ืขืžืš ื•ื ืืžืจ ,ื•ื—ื™ ืื—ื™ืš ืขืžืš'" (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืชื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื, ืค"ื–)

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก  ืœื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืื’ื“ ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™.

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ  ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื•. ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช  ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื ื–ืงืงื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื• ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื.

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืžื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืœื‘  ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”. "ื•ื”ื“ืจืช ืคื ื™ ื–ืงืŸ" โ€“ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขืจืš ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืื•ืจื”. ืœืคื™ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ืขืฆืžืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™.
ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื— ื”ืงื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื›ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ืžื›ื— ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžื›ื•ื— ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช (ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™), ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืžื“ืช ื”ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ืœืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื, ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช.
ื”ืขืœืืช ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืœืจืžื” ืฉืœ 1/3 ืžื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืžืฉืง.
ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื.


ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก  ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืžืชื•ืš ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื›ืจืคื•ืื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ื›ืขืจืš ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ . ืœืฉื ื›ืš  ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืกื‘ืกื“ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ืžืชืŸ ืกืœ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ .
ื”ื›ืœืœืช ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ืจื™ืื˜ืจื™ื” ืœืกืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืคืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืื—ืช.
ืชืื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืื—ืช.
ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื›ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื .


ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ
"ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืื“ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•" ( ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ืžื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘',ื“')

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก  ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™  ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืกืคืง ืจืฉืช ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืœืื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉื›ืจื” ืžืกื•ื‘ืกื“ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช .
ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื—ืกืจื™ ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช.
ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืœื” ืœืžืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื ืื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื.
ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื” ืžื•ื’ื“ืœ ืœื ื›ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื, ืœืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื, ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื“-ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืžืขื ืงื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืขืค"ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™.


ืฆืจื›ื™ ื“ืช
"ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืขืฉืจื” ืž ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ื›ื ืกื• ื‘ื• ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช". (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืคื™"ื)

  ื”ื™ื  ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื“ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœื•ื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืกื ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ  ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืกื˜ืื˜ื•ืก ืงื•ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฆื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ  ืœืกืคืง ื’ื ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื”ืงืžืช ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื“ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ื”ืงืžืช ืžืงื•ื•ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ื”ืงืžืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช.
ืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื“ืช .
ื’ื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื“ืช.
ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื ื™ื™ื.


ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื ื•ืฃ ื›ื—ืœืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืื“ืžืช ืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ื™ื.
ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช, ื”ื•ืจืกื•ืช ื•ืžื–ื”ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช.


ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืืจืฅ
"ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืจื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคื ื• ื“ืจืš ื”' ื™ืฉืจื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ื” ืžืกื™ืœื” ืœืืœื•ืงื™ื ื•. ื›ืœ ื’ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืจ ื•ื’ื‘ืขื” ื™ืฉืคืœื• ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขืงื•ื‘ ืœืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื”ืจื›ืกื™ื ืœื‘ืงืขื”" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•, ืž')

ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืืจืฅ : ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ . ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ื”ืžืฉืš ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”.
ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงืžืช ื•ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืขืชื™ืจื™ ื™ื“ืข ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื™ืงืจื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
ืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.


ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื
"ื•ื ืฉืžืจืชื ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ืคืฉื•ืชื™ื›ื "
ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื“ืžื™ื ืงืฉื” :  ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื’ืขื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืจืคืช ืจืขื‘ ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ื ื™. ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ โ€“ ื”ื•ืžืื ื™, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉืง .
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืจื•ื’ื™ื ื•ื‘ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื ืงืฉื”, ื‘ืชื•ืš 3-5 ืฉื ื™ื.
ืœื›ืœ ืื–ืจื—  ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ื’ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื. ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ืกื›ื•ืช ื ืคื’ืขื™ื ื•ืžืฆืžืฆืžื•ืช ืืช ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืกื‘ืœ.
ื”ืคื—ืชื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ืช, ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื™ื“ ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืœืื•ืžื™ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™. ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™.
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชื“ืื’ ืœื‘ื™ืกื•ืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช, ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื”.
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก  ืœื”ืงืžืช ื•ืขื“ื” ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ืืจื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืื• ืขืงื™ืฃ.
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชืœื—ื ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื ื’ืข ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื  ื•ืœื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช.
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื™ืœ ื’ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื–ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช.
ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืชื™ืชืŸ ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ื”ืจื’ืœ, ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ (ื‘ืคืจื˜: ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื).  , ื”ื‘ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืืงืœื™ื ื ื•ื— ื•ืชื ืื™ื ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื™ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืœื ืžืžื•ื ืขื™ื.


ื”ืขืฆืžืช ื ืฉื™ื
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื“ืจื” ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืชื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื•ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื”. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชื•ื›ืœื ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืืช ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื”, ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืขืžื“ืช ื—ื•ื–ืง ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื, "ืžืจื’ืœื™ืช ืื " ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, , ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš  ืชื ื•ืขืช ืฉ"ืก ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ืืงื“ืžื™ืช.
ื”ืขื“ืคื” ืžืชืงื ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื.
ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช (ืžื˜ืคืœืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืžืขื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื, ืฆื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช) ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื™. 
ืžืฆืข ื•ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช
: ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช โ€“ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช

    ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ  ,ื–ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ืžืืœื™ื” , ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื™ืชืจ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™  ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ืขื ืงืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื•ืจื— ืžืœื .
    ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืชื™ื” .
    ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืคืœื™ื” ื”ืžืชืงื ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช  , ืžืชื•ืš ืžื’ืžื” ื•ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื’ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ,ืคืขืจื™ื ืืš ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืชืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืžืงื•ื  ื•ืขื“ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืœื•.
    ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ืœืžืขืŸ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช , ืขืฆืžืื•ืชื” ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื .
    ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืฉืœ  ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœืกื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ,ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช  ื•ืžืื– ืงื•ื  ,ื‘ืฉื™ื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื , ื’ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื ืคื—ื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ,ื‘ื ื™ื” ,ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ , ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” , ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ,ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื .
    ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ื’ื‘ืจ, ื–ืืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืื™ืฉื” ื›ืื—ื“ ืžืขืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื•ืฉื•ืงืงืช ื—ื™ื™ื .
    ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื  ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืžืงืจื‘ื , ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” .
    ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื›ืชืคื™ืกืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช  ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืืœ โ€“ ื“ื™ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื” ื•ื‘ืฆืขื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”.
    ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื•ื—ืกืจืช ืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืชื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” , ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืžื•ื ืขืช ื•ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“.

: ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช

    ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืช  ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืงืฅ ืœืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ืขืจื‘ื™- ื™ ื•ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื—ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™  ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
    ื”ื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ,ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื•ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืช ,ืœืžืขืŸ ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” , ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” , ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืืœื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ .
    ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ืœืฉื ื”ื•ืฆืืชื ืžื”ื›ื— ืœืคื•ืขืœ , ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืงื•ืืœืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืžืฉ ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื–ื• .

 ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฆืข
 "ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™"


1.   ื›ืœืœื™:
 ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™  ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ  ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื›ืš ืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืชื“ืื’ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคืขืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ืชื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ื™ ื”ื–ื ื—ื” ืจื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื ื˜ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื’ื ืชื”.  ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืชืงื“ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ืขืœืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”, ืงืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืขืžื“ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืื™ื” ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš.

๏ปฟ
ื ืฉืืฃ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ , ืขืœ-ืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื โ€“ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ื›ืœ ืžื”ืœืš ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืชืจื•ืžืชื• ืœืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ื” ื•ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ  , ืœืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช, ื•ืœืžืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื.

๏ปฟ
ืื ื• ื“ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช  ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ืœืฆื“ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื”ื™ื–ืžื™, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™, ื•ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”.

๏ปฟ
2.   ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื”: 
2.1  ื ืงื“ื ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ โ€“ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืœ , ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืคืช ื”ื“ื’ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื.
2.2  ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ืขื“ ืœืื•ืžื™ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—, ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื ืงื“ื ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื“ื’ืฉ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
2.3  ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืขืžื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืขืžื™ืง, ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื•ืจืก.
2.4   ื ืงื“ื ื‘ื ื™ื” ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื•ืžืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื™ื“ ืœื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื–ื›ืื™ื, ืข"ื™ ืฉื•ืจืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื•ื–ืœืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืงืจืงืข ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื ื•ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ื™ื.
2.5  ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ืขืกืงื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื›ืชืฃ ืืœ ื›ืชืฃ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื, ื•ื ืงื“ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช ื›ื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“. ื ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื™  ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืขืกืงื” ืคื•ื’ืขื ื™ืช.
2.6  ื ื—ืชื•ืจ ืœื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื, ื•ืžืชืŸ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ื ืœืฆืืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
2.7 ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืคืขืจื™ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืคืจื•ื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช.
2.8  ื ืงื“ื ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™, ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืžืขืžื“ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื  ืœื”ืงืžืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ืŸ, ื‘ืชื™ ืื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื™ื•ื.
2.9  ื ืขืฆื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ืกื™  ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ื ืงื“ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื•ืืฉืจ  ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช ืœืกืคืง ืœื˜ืขืžื ื•. ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื“ื•ืง ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื™ืขื•ื’ื ื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื. ืชื•ืงื ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช  ืฉื”ื•ืคืจื˜ื•, ืื• ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ื–ื™ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
2.10   ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื ืงื“ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื ืขื•ื“ื“ ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ื ืฉื™ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช. ื ืฉืืฃ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช  ื•ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื—ืœืงืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
2.11   ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ืŸ.
2.12  ื ืงื“ื ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืงื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช , ืข"ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืกืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื, ืข"ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืžืกื™ื ืขืงื™ืคื™ื.
2.13  ื ืคืขืœ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ืข"ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื™ ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”.
2.14  ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”  ืœืฆื“ืง ื—ืœื•ืงืชื™ ื•ืชื ื™ืฃ ืืช ื“ื’ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืฆืžืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
2.15  ื ืงื“ื ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื•ื ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ืชืขืกื•ืงื”. 
2.16  ื ื“ืื’ ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื’ืžืœืื™ื, ื”ื ื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉืชืืคืฉืจื ื” ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”.
2.17  ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืงื˜ืจ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžืฉืง ืข"ื™ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืžื•ื˜ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื•ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—, ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืง, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
2.18  ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ, ื•ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืžืก ืืžืช, ื™ืฉื—ืจืจื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—. ืชื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืžืก ืฉื ืชื™ ืœื›ื•ืœื.
2.19  ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืžืก ืข"ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขื ืง ืžื™ื™ืฆืื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืžืก.
2.20 ื ื™ื“ื—ืฃ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื›ืœื›ืœื” "ื‘ืจืช ืงื™ื™ืžื", ื”ืžืคืชื—ืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช, ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ืžืžื—ื–ืจืช ื•ืžืฆืžืฆืžืช ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช, ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื” ืืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืฉืงืžืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืขืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช.
2.21  ื ื™ื“ืจืฉืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜, ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื.

๏ปฟ
3.  ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžืฉืœ:
3.1   ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™  ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ  ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืขืจื›ื™ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
3.2  ื ืขืžื™ื“ ื›ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื™ืชืจ ืชื•ืงืฃ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
3.3  ื ืงื“ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ  ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกืช (ืœื‘ื“ ืžืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื ื™ื›ื”ื ื• ื’ื ื›ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื ืกืช).
3.4  ื ืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื ืคืขืœ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืžื“ ื—ื•ืฉืคื™ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ื™ื•ืช.

๏ปฟ
4. ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื:โ€‹
4.1  ื“ื™ื•ืจ: ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื•, ื–ื›ืื™ ืœื›ืš ืฉ ืชืืคืฉืจ ื•ืœื• ืคืขื ืื—ืช  ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงืจืงืข. ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœื ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืžืชื ื”, ืืœื ืชืจืฉื ื‘ื˜ืื‘ื• ื›ืžืฉื›ื ืชื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ.
4.2  ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช: ืœื ื™ืžื•ืช ืื“ื  ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœืฉืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืฆื™ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื.
๏ปฟ4.3  ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื: ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ืกืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช, ืฉื™ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”.